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Linux tar Guide

Mattscreative edited this page Dec 5, 2025 · 2 revisions

Linux tar Guide

Complete beginner-friendly guide to tar on Linux, covering Arch Linux, CachyOS, and other distributions including creating archives, extracting files, and compression.


Table of Contents

  1. Understanding tar
  2. Creating Archives
  3. Extracting Archives
  4. Compression Options
  5. Troubleshooting

Understanding tar

What is tar?

tar (tape archive) creates and extracts archives.

Common uses:

  • Backup: Create backups
  • Distribution: Package files
  • Compression: Combine with compression

File formats:

  • .tar: Uncompressed
  • .tar.gz or .tgz: gzip compressed
  • .tar.bz2: bzip2 compressed
  • .tar.xz: xz compressed

Creating Archives

Basic Archive

Create tar:

# Create archive
tar -cf archive.tar files/

# Options:
# -c: Create
# -f: File name

Compressed Archives

With compression:

# gzip compression
tar -czf archive.tar.gz files/

# bzip2 compression
tar -cjf archive.tar.bz2 files/

# xz compression
tar -cJf archive.tar.xz files/

Extracting Archives

Extract Archive

Extract:

# Extract
tar -xf archive.tar

# Extract to directory
tar -xf archive.tar -C /path/to/directory

# Extract compressed
tar -xzf archive.tar.gz

List Contents

View archive:

# List contents
tar -tf archive.tar

# Verbose list
tar -tvf archive.tar

Compression Options

Compression Levels

gzip:

# Level 1 (fast)
tar -czf archive.tar.gz --use-compress-program="gzip -1" files/

# Level 9 (best)
tar -czf archive.tar.gz --use-compress-program="gzip -9" files/

Troubleshooting

Archive Errors

Check archive:

# Test archive
tar -tf archive.tar

# Extract with verbose
tar -xvf archive.tar

Permission Errors

Fix permissions:

# Extract preserving permissions
tar -xpf archive.tar

# Or extract as root
sudo tar -xf archive.tar

Summary

This guide covered tar usage, creating and extracting archives for Arch Linux, CachyOS, and other distributions.


Next Steps


This guide covers Arch Linux, CachyOS, and other Linux distributions. For distribution-specific details, refer to your distribution's documentation.

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