fix(sdk-trace-web): remove browsing context only api dependency on utils

[legendecas]

Which problem is this PR solving?

sdk-trace-web should be compatible with web environments like web worker.

Short description of the changes

1. Added guidance of Web API usages.
2. Removed window references in sdk-trace-web/src.

• Bug fix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• This change requires a documentation update

How Has This Been Tested?

Existing tests with karma should continue to work. Worker integration tests should be introduced with #2659 or new karma configurations (for a full run of existing test suites on workers).

https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-js/tree/main/selenium-tests is referencing experimental packages and it is not linked to the versions in the local repository, so testing with it is quite awkward. I'll continue to split it into two parts in #2659. However, if it is located in the experimental/ subdirectory, it can not be linked to the latest un-published version of sdk-trace-web, and we can't get it passed without the changes in this PR :(. So I'm submitting this patch and hope to land it first to continue the setups in #2659.

Checklist:

• Followed the style guidelines of this project
• Unit tests have been added
• Documentation has been updated

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #2714 (d3eb2f8) into main (21fc8b5) will not change coverage.
The diff coverage is 100.00%.

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##             main    #2714   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   93.04%   93.04%           
=======================================
  Files         155      155           
  Lines        5378     5378           
  Branches     1137     1137           
=======================================
  Hits         5004     5004           
  Misses        374      374           

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
packages/opentelemetry-sdk-trace-web/src/utils.ts	95.00% <100.00%> (ø)

[legendecas]

Closed in favor of #2719.