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4 changes: 3 additions & 1 deletion .github/workflows/deploy-book.yml
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Expand Up @@ -23,7 +23,9 @@ jobs:

- name: Build the book
run: |
jupyter-book build . --config website/_config.yml --toc website/_toc.yml
cp website/_config.yml .
cp website/_toc.yml .
jupyter-book build .

- name: GitHub Pages action
uses: peaceiris/actions-gh-pages@v3.6.1
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16 changes: 14 additions & 2 deletions collider.ipynb
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Expand Up @@ -582,7 +582,19 @@
"cell_type": "markdown",
"id": "l9y51n6cmr",
"metadata": {},
"source": "# Extended Reading\n\n**Aschard et al. (2015).** \"Adjusting for Heritable Covariates Can Bias Effect Estimates in Genome-Wide Association Studies.\" *American Journal of Human Genetics*, 96(3), 329-339. https://www.cell.com/ajhg/fulltext/S0002-9297(14)00527-8\n\nThis landmark paper demonstrates that adjusting for heritable covariates—traits with a genetic basis—can introduce significant bias into genome-wide association studies. The authors show that when genetic variants influence both an outcome of interest and the covariate being adjusted for, the effect estimates can be severely distorted, even creating false-positive associations. Using real data from large GWAS meta-analyses of anthropometric traits (waist-to-hip ratio and waist circumference adjusted for BMI), they found that approximately half of the reported associations could be explained by genetic effects on BMI rather than the primary outcome. The paper provides both theoretical framework and practical examples demonstrating that collider bias arises from shared causal factors between the outcome and covariate, and that standard adjustment methods cannot eliminate this bias when the underlying causal structure is unknown. This is essential reading for anyone conducting GWAS of correlated traits, as it highlights the importance of understanding causal relationships before deciding which variables to adjust for in your analysis."
"source": [
"# Extended Reading\n",
"\n",
"**Aschard et al. (2015).** \"Adjusting for Heritable Covariates Can Bias Effect Estimates in Genome-Wide Association Studies.\" *American Journal of Human Genetics*, 96(3), 329-339. https://www.cell.com/ajhg/fulltext/S0002-9297(14)00527-8\n",
"\n",
"This landmark paper demonstrates that adjusting for heritable covariates—traits with a genetic basis—can introduce significant bias into genome-wide association studies. The authors show that when genetic variants influence both an outcome of interest and the covariate being adjusted for, the effect estimates can be severely distorted, even creating false-positive associations. Using real data from large GWAS meta-analyses of anthropometric traits (waist-to-hip ratio and waist circumference adjusted for BMI), they found that approximately half of the reported associations could be explained by genetic effects on BMI rather than the primary outcome. The paper provides both theoretical framework and practical examples demonstrating that collider bias arises from shared causal factors between the outcome and covariate, and that standard adjustment methods cannot eliminate this bias when the underlying causal structure is unknown. This is essential reading for anyone conducting GWAS of correlated traits, as it highlights the importance of understanding causal relationships before deciding which variables to adjust for in your analysis."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"id": "ecd50770",
"metadata": {},
"source": []
}
],
"metadata": {
Expand All @@ -603,4 +615,4 @@
},
"nbformat": 4,
"nbformat_minor": 5
}
}
1,865 changes: 761 additions & 1,104 deletions factor_analysis.ipynb

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1,053 changes: 519 additions & 534 deletions principal_component_analysis.ipynb

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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion website/_toc.yml
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Expand Up @@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ parts:
- caption: Correlation Between Individuals
chapters:
- file: genetic_relationship_matrix

- caption: Correlation Between Variables
chapters:
- file: factor_analysis
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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion website/setting_up.md
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Expand Up @@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ The created template will have:


```bash
jupyter-book build . --config website/_config.yml --toc website/_toc.yml
jupyter-book build
```

This will generate the HTML files in the `_build/html` directory.
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