Backport to branch(3) : Add alter column type

[feeblefakie]

This is an automated request for a manual backport of the following:

• Original PR: Add alter column type #3028
• Commit to backport: 53383a9

1. Resolve any conflicts that occur during the cherry-picking process.

git fetch origin &&
git checkout 3-pull-3028 &&
git cherry-pick --no-rerere-autoupdate -m1 53383a9fa71c142e96a28a9233fcb7e93c3d5abd

2. Push the changes.
3. Merge this PR after all checks have passed.

Thank you!

[KodaiD]

/gemini review

[gemini-code-assist]

Code Review

This pull request backports the alter column type feature. The changes are extensive, touching the admin API, various storage implementations, and adding comprehensive integration tests. The overall implementation looks solid. I've identified a critical bug related to an incorrect error message format call that would cause a runtime exception, and a couple of medium-severity issues related to code clarity and duplication. Please see the detailed comments below.