lib,src,test: fix tests without SQLite

[aduh95]

Opening as draft to test it. Nix changes will be taken to a separate PR.

Triggered by #60902

[nodejs-github-bot]

Review requested:

• @nodejs/actions
• @nodejs/config

[codecov]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 50.00000% with 1 line in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 88.42%. Comparing base (768f3ba) to head (490651f).
⚠️ Report is 5 commits behind head on main.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
lib/internal/process/pre_execution.js	0.00%	1 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main   #60906      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   88.56%   88.42%   -0.14%     
==========================================
  Files         703      703              
  Lines      208291   208293       +2     
  Branches    40169    40161       -8     
==========================================
- Hits       184472   184187     -285     
- Misses      15831    16188     +357     
+ Partials     7988     7918      -70     

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
src/node_config.cc	96.66% <100.00%> (+0.11%)	⬆️
lib/internal/process/pre_execution.js	98.27% <0.00%> (-0.27%)	⬇️

... and 40 files with indirect coverage changes

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