The name `get_safe_execution_payload_hash` is misleading, as it returns
the execution block hash. There is no concept of a payload hash. Rename
the function, and also update some documentation for clarity.

- describe sample selection
- describe sample queries

Signed-off-by: Csaba Kiraly <csaba.kiraly@gmail.com>

Clarify that what matters is the false positive threshold, allowing
different sampling strategies as protocol compliant behavior.

Signed-off-by: Csaba Kiraly <csaba.kiraly@gmail.com>

Signed-off-by: Csaba Kiraly <csaba.kiraly@gmail.com>

Signed-off-by: Csaba Kiraly <csaba.kiraly@gmail.com>

While the technique was introduced as LossyDAS, we don't need the name
in the specification itself.

Signed-off-by: Csaba Kiraly <csaba.kiraly@gmail.com>

add LossyDAS sample count generation helper function

Signed-off-by: Csaba Kiraly <csaba.kiraly@gmail.com>

Importing scipy is not preferred. This is a self-contained
version. Eventually an import of math and use of math.comb
makes it simpler.
Solving other formatting issues as well.

Signed-off-by: Csaba Kiraly <csaba.kiraly@gmail.com>

Signed-off-by: Csaba Kiraly <csaba.kiraly@gmail.com>

- when should a node reconstruct
- how to cross-seed for subscribed and unsubscribed topics

Signed-off-by: Csaba Kiraly <csaba.kiraly@gmail.com>

- https://github.com/protolambda/remerkleable/releases/tag/v0.1.28

Bump remerkleable to `v0.1.28`

Add Electra merkle proof test vectors

On macOS Python, passing `10e10` to `rng.randint` results in an error
when generating certain tests. Forcing `int` avoids the problem.

Electra introduces two changes that affect light client data handling:

1. The `ExecutionPayloadHeader` is extended with new fields.
   This is handled similarly as before with the Deneb fork.

2. The `BeaconState` generalized indices change due to lack of EIP-6493.
   This is handled by making the generalized index be fork dependent via
   a helper function that computes it dynamically. Furthermore, the case
   where pre-Electra light client data is consumed by an Electra based
   `LightClientStore` requires normalizing the shorter proof of the
   pre-Electra data to fit into the Electra data structure by prepending
   a zero hash.

…add assertions to test cases

Fix typing issue when `10e10` is interpreted as float

Signed-off-by: Csaba Kiraly <csaba.kiraly@gmail.com>

…le content in the spec

Update `test_incorrect_not_enough_consolidation_churn_available` and add assertions to test cases

Co-authored-by: Pop Chunhapanya <haxx.pop@gmail.com>

Here we assume uniform random selection without replacement.
If other methods are used, the target false positive threshold
is the main rule to follow.

Signed-off-by: Csaba Kiraly <csaba.kiraly@gmail.com>

Signed-off-by: Csaba Kiraly <csaba.kiraly@gmail.com>

EIP-7594: clarifying reconstruction and cross-seeding

PeerDAS sampling clarifications

…3812)

* restructure verify_cell_kzg_proof_batch a bit

* first draft of universal verification equation

* add one more empty line to make linter happy

* make linter happy

* more testcases for verify_cell_kzg_proof_batch

* verify_cell_kzg_proof_batch: derive coefficient via hash

* rename verify_cell_kzg_proof_batch_challenge -> compute_verify_cell_kzg_proof_batch_challenge

* verify_cell_kzg_proof_batch: editorial + some refactoring

* Improve documentation and variable naming.

* remove k_i from code and doc

---------

Co-authored-by: Justin Traglia <95511699+jtraglia@users.noreply.github.com>

Add more Electra fork tests

Fix beacon-chain.md section header issues

The parent beacon block hash was incorrectly set to zero in #3778.
Passing the state to the computation function allows correct hash
computation.

Fix link to Deneb spec

Fix EL block hash computation for Deneb

Fix epbs consensus spec to be executable