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Validations are run against subgraphs so we need to verify @cost/@listSize from federation spec and not the supergraph cost spec.

Validations are run against subgraphs so we need to verify `@cost`/`@listSize` from federation spec and not the supergraph cost spec.
@dariuszkuc dariuszkuc requested a review from a team as a code owner October 17, 2025 16:36
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🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: a94eb67

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 7 packages
Name Type
@apollo/federation-internals Patch
@apollo/gateway Patch
@apollo/composition Patch
@apollo/query-planner Patch
@apollo/query-graphs Patch
@apollo/subgraph Patch
apollo-federation-integration-testsuite Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

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✅ Docs preview has no changes

The preview was not built because there were no changes.

Build ID: 798e5f45d17f75206b806c5b
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Changesets create the weirdest file names some times... 🍋 🦶

@dariuszkuc dariuszkuc merged commit 4bda3a4 into main Oct 17, 2025
16 of 17 checks passed
@dariuszkuc dariuszkuc deleted the fix_cost_validations branch October 17, 2025 16:44
dariuszkuc pushed a commit that referenced this pull request Oct 29, 2025
This PR was opened by the [Changesets
release](https://github.com/changesets/action) GitHub action. When
you're ready to do a release, you can merge this and the packages will
be published to npm automatically. If you're not ready to do a release
yet, that's fine, whenever you add more changesets to next, this PR will
be updated.

⚠️⚠️⚠️⚠️⚠️⚠️

`next` is currently in **pre mode** so this branch has prereleases
rather than normal releases. If you want to exit prereleases, run
`changeset pre exit` on `next`.

⚠️⚠️⚠️⚠️⚠️⚠️

# Releases
## @apollo/composition@2.12.0-preview.4

### Minor Changes

- Fixes a bug where composition may not generate a satisfiability error
for an unsatisfiable `@shareable` mutation field.
([#3305](#3305))
([#3305](#3305))

### Patch Changes

- Fixed handling `@requires` dependency on fields returned by
`@interfaceObject`
([#3318](#3318))

Depending on the merge order of the types, we could fail composition if
a type that `@requires` data from an `@interfaceObject` is merged before
the interface. Updated merge logic to use explicit merge order of
scalars, input objects, interfaces, and finally objects.

- Updated dependencies
\[[`4bda3a498eba36e187dfd9ae673eca12d3f3502c`](4bda3a4),
[`f3ab499eaf62b1a1c0f08b838d2cbde5accb303a`](f3ab499)]:
    -   @apollo/federation-internals@2.12.0-preview.4
    -   @apollo/query-graphs@2.12.0-preview.4

## @apollo/gateway@2.12.0-preview.4

### Patch Changes

- Updated dependencies
\[[`4bda3a498eba36e187dfd9ae673eca12d3f3502c`](4bda3a4),
[`f3ab499eaf62b1a1c0f08b838d2cbde5accb303a`](f3ab499),
[`bc07e979b9fd24c9b94740b170f11023fe99ba1e`](bc07e97),
[`9cbdcb53f859c877a476e2725faa4cb205506f57`](9cbdcb5)]:
    -   @apollo/federation-internals@2.12.0-preview.4
    -   @apollo/query-planner@2.12.0-preview.4
    -   @apollo/composition@2.12.0-preview.4

## @apollo/federation-internals@2.12.0-preview.4

### Patch Changes

- Fixed demand control validations
([#3314](#3314))

Updated `@cost`/`@listSize` validations to use correct federation spec
to look them up in the schema.

## @apollo/query-graphs@2.12.0-preview.4

### Patch Changes

- Fixes a bug where query planning may unexpectedly error due to
attempting to generate a plan where a `@shareable` mutation field is
called more than once across multiple subgraphs.
([#3304](#3304))
([#3304](#3304))

- Updated dependencies
\[[`4bda3a498eba36e187dfd9ae673eca12d3f3502c`](4bda3a4)]:
    -   @apollo/federation-internals@2.12.0-preview.4

## @apollo/query-planner@2.12.0-preview.4

### Patch Changes

- Fixes a bug where query planning may unexpectedly error due to
attempting to generate a plan where a `@shareable` mutation field is
called more than once across multiple subgraphs.
([#3304](#3304))
([#3304](#3304))

- Updated dependencies
\[[`4bda3a498eba36e187dfd9ae673eca12d3f3502c`](4bda3a4),
[`f3ab499eaf62b1a1c0f08b838d2cbde5accb303a`](f3ab499)]:
    -   @apollo/federation-internals@2.12.0-preview.4
    -   @apollo/query-graphs@2.12.0-preview.4

## @apollo/subgraph@2.12.0-preview.4

### Patch Changes

- Updated dependencies
\[[`4bda3a498eba36e187dfd9ae673eca12d3f3502c`](4bda3a4)]:
    -   @apollo/federation-internals@2.12.0-preview.4

## apollo-federation-integration-testsuite@2.12.0-preview.4

Co-authored-by: github-actions[bot] <41898282+github-actions[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
dariuszkuc added a commit that referenced this pull request Nov 4, 2025
This PR was opened by the [Changesets
release](https://github.com/changesets/action) GitHub action. When
you're ready to do a release, you can merge this and the packages will
be published to npm automatically. If you're not ready to do a release
yet, that's fine, whenever you add more changesets to next, this PR will
be updated.


# Releases
## @apollo/composition@2.12.0

### Minor Changes

- Federation 2.12 and Connect 0.3
([#3276](#3276))

- Add connect spec v0.2
([#3228](#3228))

- Federation v2.12 release
([#3323](#3323))

- Added isSuccess argument to @connect and @source
([#3294](#3294))

- Fixes a bug where composition may not generate a satisfiability error
for an unsatisfiable `@shareable` mutation field.
([#3305](#3305))
([#3305](#3305))

### Patch Changes

- Preparing preview.2 release
([#3255](#3255))

- Automatically propagate authorization requirements from implementing
type to interface in the supergraph.
([#3321](#3321))

Authorization requirements now automatically propagate from implementing
types to interfaces during composition. Direct auth specifications on
interfaces are no longer allowed. Interface access requires satisfying
ALL implementing types' requirements (`AND` rule), with these
requirements included in the supergraph for backward compatibility with
older routers.

- Fix transitive auth requirements on `@requires` and `@fromcontext`
([#3321](#3321))

Adds new `postMergeValidation` check to ensure that all fields that
depends on data from other parts of the supergraph through `@requires`
and/or `@fromContext` directives explicitly specify matching
`@authenticated`, `@requiresScopes` and/or `@policy` auth requirements,
e.g.

    ```graphql
    type T @key(fields: "id") {
      id: ID!
      extra: String @external
# we need explicit `@authenticated` as it is needed to access extra
      requiresExtra: String @requires(fields: "extra") @authenticated
    }

    type T @key(fields: "id") {
      id: ID!
      extra: String @authenticated
    }
    ```

- Preparing new preview release 2.12.0-preview.3 (patch).
([#3308](#3308))

- Adding new CompositionOption `maxValidationSubgraphPaths`. This value
represents the maximum number of SubgraphPathInfo objects that may exist
in a ValidationTraversal when checking for satisfiability. Setting this
value can help composition error before running out of memory. Default
is 1,000,000.
([#3275](#3275))

- Restrict usage of auth directives on interfaces
([#3321](#3321))

Restricts usage of `@authenticated`, `@policy` and `@requiresScopes`
from being applied on interfaces, interface objects and their fields.

GraphQL spec currently does not define any interface inheritance rules
and developers have to explicitly redefine all interface fields on their
implementations. At runtime, GraphQL servers cannot return abstract
types and always return concrete output types. Due to the above,
applying auth directives on the interfaces may lead to unexpected
runtime behavior as they won't have any effect at runtime.

- Allow merging external types when using arrays as default arguments.
([#3096](#3096))

- Stricter merge rules for @requiresScopes and @Policy
([#3321](#3321))

Current merge policies for `@authenticated`, `@requiresScopes` and
`@policy` were inconsistent.

If a shared field uses the same authorization directives across
subgraphs, composition merges them using `OR` logic. However, if a
shared field uses different authorization directives across subgraphs
composition merges them using `AND` logic. This simplified schema
evolution, but weakened security requirements. Therefore, the behavior
has been changed to always apply `AND` logic to authorization directives
applied to the same field across subgraphs.

Since `@policy` and `@requiresScopes` values represent boolean
conditions in Disjunctive Normal Form, we can merge them conjunctively
to get the final auth requirements. For example:

    ```graphql
    # subgraph A
    type T @authenticated {
      # requires scopes (A1 AND A2) OR A3
      secret: String @requiresScopes(scopes: [["A1", "A2"], ["A3"]])
    }

    # subgraph B
    type T {
      # requires scopes B1 OR B2
      secret: String @requiresScopes(scopes: [["B1"], ["B2"]]
    }

    # composed supergraph
    type T @authenticated {
      secret: String @requiresScopes(
        scopes: [
          ["A1", "A2", "B1"],
          ["A1", "A2", "B2"],
          ["A3", "B1"],
          ["A3", "B2"]
        ])
    }
    ```

    This algorithm also deduplicates redundant requirements, e.g.

    ```graphql
    # subgraph A
    type T {
      # requires A1 AND A2 scopes to access
      secret: String @requiresScopes(scopes: [["A1", "A2"]])
    }

    # subgraph B
    type T {
      # requires only A1 scope to access
      secret: String @requiresScopes(scopes: [["A1"]])
    }

    # composed supergraph
    type T {
      # requires only A1 scope to access as A2 is redundant
      secret: String @requiresScopes(scopes: [["A1"]])
    }
    ```

- Fixed handling `@requires` dependency on fields returned by
`@interfaceObject`
([#3318](#3318))

Depending on the merge order of the types, we could fail composition if
a type that `@requires` data from an `@interfaceObject` is merged before
the interface. Updated merge logic to use explicit merge order of
scalars, input objects, interfaces, and finally objects.

- Updated dependencies
\[[`3e2b0a8569a9fe46726182887ed0b4bfc0b52468`](3e2b0a8),
[`bb4614d338ae03bac51a5fc2439590f172c4e54d`](bb4614d),
[`99f2da21de88f9ad9a32ee7ed64b2d4a92887b40`](99f2da2),
[`468f27842608f4e390cfc88bc7e6b4b0945f95ff`](468f278),
[`3fd5157b309f1d3439b2d87c67b0601fb246d04c`](3fd5157),
[`b734ea04d118db09cf6077fdd968c8f04a96327a`](b734ea0),
[`4bda3a498eba36e187dfd9ae673eca12d3f3502c`](4bda3a4),
[`e7e67579908d5cd2fa6fe558228dffe4808cd98d`](e7e6757),
[`f3ab499eaf62b1a1c0f08b838d2cbde5accb303a`](f3ab499),
[`faea2d1174d80593264f2227cfde9a2ba1a59b96`](faea2d1),
[`97b9d2edfcfeed99124f9e115f992cbef3804682`](97b9d2e),
[`f6af504f1ba8283fd00af0d6e3c9c1a665d62736`](f6af504),
[`a595235d3cf8f67611efd8395332b64d067b5f1f`](a595235)]:
    -   @apollo/query-graphs@2.12.0
    -   @apollo/federation-internals@2.12.0

## @apollo/gateway@2.12.0

### Minor Changes

- Federation 2.12 and Connect 0.3
([#3276](#3276))

- Add connect spec v0.2
([#3228](#3228))

- Federation v2.12 release
([#3323](#3323))

### Patch Changes

- Preparing preview.2 release
([#3255](#3255))

- Updated dependencies
\[[`3e2b0a8569a9fe46726182887ed0b4bfc0b52468`](3e2b0a8),
[`bb4614d338ae03bac51a5fc2439590f172c4e54d`](bb4614d),
[`99f2da21de88f9ad9a32ee7ed64b2d4a92887b40`](99f2da2),
[`468f27842608f4e390cfc88bc7e6b4b0945f95ff`](468f278),
[`3fd5157b309f1d3439b2d87c67b0601fb246d04c`](3fd5157),
[`b734ea04d118db09cf6077fdd968c8f04a96327a`](b734ea0),
[`4bda3a498eba36e187dfd9ae673eca12d3f3502c`](4bda3a4),
[`e7e67579908d5cd2fa6fe558228dffe4808cd98d`](e7e6757),
[`f3ab499eaf62b1a1c0f08b838d2cbde5accb303a`](f3ab499),
[`faea2d1174d80593264f2227cfde9a2ba1a59b96`](faea2d1),
[`0dbc7cc72ffacf324231e9ccb2de4189f6bf3289`](0dbc7cc),
[`97b9d2edfcfeed99124f9e115f992cbef3804682`](97b9d2e),
[`f6af504f1ba8283fd00af0d6e3c9c1a665d62736`](f6af504),
[`bc07e979b9fd24c9b94740b170f11023fe99ba1e`](bc07e97),
[`a595235d3cf8f67611efd8395332b64d067b5f1f`](a595235),
[`9cbdcb53f859c877a476e2725faa4cb205506f57`](9cbdcb5)]:
    -   @apollo/query-planner@2.12.0
    -   @apollo/composition@2.12.0
    -   @apollo/federation-internals@2.12.0

## @apollo/federation-internals@2.12.0

### Minor Changes

- Federation 2.12 and Connect 0.3
([#3276](#3276))

- Add connect spec v0.2
([#3228](#3228))

- Federation v2.12 release
([#3323](#3323))

- Added isSuccess argument to @connect and @source
([#3294](#3294))

### Patch Changes

- Preparing preview.2 release
([#3255](#3255))

- Automatically propagate authorization requirements from implementing
type to interface in the supergraph.
([#3321](#3321))

Authorization requirements now automatically propagate from implementing
types to interfaces during composition. Direct auth specifications on
interfaces are no longer allowed. Interface access requires satisfying
ALL implementing types' requirements (`AND` rule), with these
requirements included in the supergraph for backward compatibility with
older routers.

- Fix transitive auth requirements on `@requires` and `@fromcontext`
([#3321](#3321))

Adds new `postMergeValidation` check to ensure that all fields that
depends on data from other parts of the supergraph through `@requires`
and/or `@fromContext` directives explicitly specify matching
`@authenticated`, `@requiresScopes` and/or `@policy` auth requirements,
e.g.

    ```graphql
    type T @key(fields: "id") {
      id: ID!
      extra: String @external
# we need explicit `@authenticated` as it is needed to access extra
      requiresExtra: String @requires(fields: "extra") @authenticated
    }

    type T @key(fields: "id") {
      id: ID!
      extra: String @authenticated
    }
    ```

- Preparing new preview release 2.12.0-preview.3 (patch).
([#3308](#3308))

- Adding new CompositionOption `maxValidationSubgraphPaths`. This value
represents the maximum number of SubgraphPathInfo objects that may exist
in a ValidationTraversal when checking for satisfiability. Setting this
value can help composition error before running out of memory. Default
is 1,000,000.
([#3275](#3275))

- Fixed demand control validations
([#3314](#3314))

Updated `@cost`/`@listSize` validations to use correct federation spec
to look them up in the schema.

- Restrict usage of auth directives on interfaces
([#3321](#3321))

Restricts usage of `@authenticated`, `@policy` and `@requiresScopes`
from being applied on interfaces, interface objects and their fields.

GraphQL spec currently does not define any interface inheritance rules
and developers have to explicitly redefine all interface fields on their
implementations. At runtime, GraphQL servers cannot return abstract
types and always return concrete output types. Due to the above,
applying auth directives on the interfaces may lead to unexpected
runtime behavior as they won't have any effect at runtime.

- Stricter merge rules for @requiresScopes and @Policy
([#3321](#3321))

Current merge policies for `@authenticated`, `@requiresScopes` and
`@policy` were inconsistent.

If a shared field uses the same authorization directives across
subgraphs, composition merges them using `OR` logic. However, if a
shared field uses different authorization directives across subgraphs
composition merges them using `AND` logic. This simplified schema
evolution, but weakened security requirements. Therefore, the behavior
has been changed to always apply `AND` logic to authorization directives
applied to the same field across subgraphs.

Since `@policy` and `@requiresScopes` values represent boolean
conditions in Disjunctive Normal Form, we can merge them conjunctively
to get the final auth requirements. For example:

    ```graphql
    # subgraph A
    type T @authenticated {
      # requires scopes (A1 AND A2) OR A3
      secret: String @requiresScopes(scopes: [["A1", "A2"], ["A3"]])
    }

    # subgraph B
    type T {
      # requires scopes B1 OR B2
      secret: String @requiresScopes(scopes: [["B1"], ["B2"]]
    }

    # composed supergraph
    type T @authenticated {
      secret: String @requiresScopes(
        scopes: [
          ["A1", "A2", "B1"],
          ["A1", "A2", "B2"],
          ["A3", "B1"],
          ["A3", "B2"]
        ])
    }
    ```

    This algorithm also deduplicates redundant requirements, e.g.

    ```graphql
    # subgraph A
    type T {
      # requires A1 AND A2 scopes to access
      secret: String @requiresScopes(scopes: [["A1", "A2"]])
    }

    # subgraph B
    type T {
      # requires only A1 scope to access
      secret: String @requiresScopes(scopes: [["A1"]])
    }

    # composed supergraph
    type T {
      # requires only A1 scope to access as A2 is redundant
      secret: String @requiresScopes(scopes: [["A1"]])
    }
    ```

## @apollo/query-graphs@2.12.0

### Minor Changes

- Federation 2.12 and Connect 0.3
([#3276](#3276))

- Add connect spec v0.2
([#3228](#3228))

- Federation v2.12 release
([#3323](#3323))

### Patch Changes

- Preparing preview.2 release
([#3255](#3255))

- Fixes a bug where query planning may unexpectedly error due to
attempting to generate a plan where a `@shareable` mutation field is
called more than once across multiple subgraphs.
([#3304](#3304))
([#3304](#3304))

- Updated dependencies
\[[`3e2b0a8569a9fe46726182887ed0b4bfc0b52468`](3e2b0a8),
[`bb4614d338ae03bac51a5fc2439590f172c4e54d`](bb4614d),
[`99f2da21de88f9ad9a32ee7ed64b2d4a92887b40`](99f2da2),
[`468f27842608f4e390cfc88bc7e6b4b0945f95ff`](468f278),
[`3fd5157b309f1d3439b2d87c67b0601fb246d04c`](3fd5157),
[`b734ea04d118db09cf6077fdd968c8f04a96327a`](b734ea0),
[`4bda3a498eba36e187dfd9ae673eca12d3f3502c`](4bda3a4),
[`e7e67579908d5cd2fa6fe558228dffe4808cd98d`](e7e6757),
[`faea2d1174d80593264f2227cfde9a2ba1a59b96`](faea2d1),
[`97b9d2edfcfeed99124f9e115f992cbef3804682`](97b9d2e),
[`f6af504f1ba8283fd00af0d6e3c9c1a665d62736`](f6af504),
[`a595235d3cf8f67611efd8395332b64d067b5f1f`](a595235)]:
    -   @apollo/federation-internals@2.12.0

## @apollo/query-planner@2.12.0

### Minor Changes

- Federation 2.12 and Connect 0.3
([#3276](#3276))

- Add connect spec v0.2
([#3228](#3228))

- Federation v2.12 release
([#3323](#3323))

### Patch Changes

- Preparing preview.2 release
([#3255](#3255))

- Fixes a bug where query planning may unexpectedly error due to
attempting to generate a plan where a `@shareable` mutation field is
called more than once across multiple subgraphs.
([#3304](#3304))
([#3304](#3304))

- Updated dependencies
\[[`3e2b0a8569a9fe46726182887ed0b4bfc0b52468`](3e2b0a8),
[`bb4614d338ae03bac51a5fc2439590f172c4e54d`](bb4614d),
[`99f2da21de88f9ad9a32ee7ed64b2d4a92887b40`](99f2da2),
[`468f27842608f4e390cfc88bc7e6b4b0945f95ff`](468f278),
[`3fd5157b309f1d3439b2d87c67b0601fb246d04c`](3fd5157),
[`b734ea04d118db09cf6077fdd968c8f04a96327a`](b734ea0),
[`4bda3a498eba36e187dfd9ae673eca12d3f3502c`](4bda3a4),
[`e7e67579908d5cd2fa6fe558228dffe4808cd98d`](e7e6757),
[`f3ab499eaf62b1a1c0f08b838d2cbde5accb303a`](f3ab499),
[`faea2d1174d80593264f2227cfde9a2ba1a59b96`](faea2d1),
[`97b9d2edfcfeed99124f9e115f992cbef3804682`](97b9d2e),
[`f6af504f1ba8283fd00af0d6e3c9c1a665d62736`](f6af504),
[`a595235d3cf8f67611efd8395332b64d067b5f1f`](a595235)]:
    -   @apollo/query-graphs@2.12.0
    -   @apollo/federation-internals@2.12.0

## @apollo/subgraph@2.12.0

### Minor Changes

- Federation 2.12 and Connect 0.3
([#3276](#3276))

- Add connect spec v0.2
([#3228](#3228))

- Federation v2.12 release
([#3323](#3323))

### Patch Changes

- Preparing preview.2 release
([#3255](#3255))

- When a `GraphQLScalarType` resolver is provided to
`buildSubgraphSchema()`, omitted configuration options in the
`GraphQLScalarType` no longer cause the corresponding properties in the
GraphQL document/AST to be cleared. To explicitly clear these
properties, use `null` for the configuration option instead.
([#3287](#3287))

- Updated dependencies
\[[`3e2b0a8569a9fe46726182887ed0b4bfc0b52468`](3e2b0a8),
[`bb4614d338ae03bac51a5fc2439590f172c4e54d`](bb4614d),
[`99f2da21de88f9ad9a32ee7ed64b2d4a92887b40`](99f2da2),
[`468f27842608f4e390cfc88bc7e6b4b0945f95ff`](468f278),
[`3fd5157b309f1d3439b2d87c67b0601fb246d04c`](3fd5157),
[`b734ea04d118db09cf6077fdd968c8f04a96327a`](b734ea0),
[`4bda3a498eba36e187dfd9ae673eca12d3f3502c`](4bda3a4),
[`e7e67579908d5cd2fa6fe558228dffe4808cd98d`](e7e6757),
[`faea2d1174d80593264f2227cfde9a2ba1a59b96`](faea2d1),
[`97b9d2edfcfeed99124f9e115f992cbef3804682`](97b9d2e),
[`f6af504f1ba8283fd00af0d6e3c9c1a665d62736`](f6af504),
[`a595235d3cf8f67611efd8395332b64d067b5f1f`](a595235)]:
    -   @apollo/federation-internals@2.12.0

## apollo-federation-integration-testsuite@2.12.0

### Minor Changes

- Federation 2.12 and Connect 0.3
([#3276](#3276))

- Add connect spec v0.2
([#3228](#3228))

- Federation v2.12 release
([#3323](#3323))

### Patch Changes

- Preparing preview.2 release
([#3255](#3255))

---------

Co-authored-by: github-actions[bot] <41898282+github-actions[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: dariuszkuc <9501705+dariuszkuc@users.noreply.github.com>
dariuszkuc pushed a commit that referenced this pull request Nov 4, 2025
This PR was opened by the [Changesets
release](https://github.com/changesets/action) GitHub action. When
you're ready to do a release, you can merge this and the packages will
be published to npm automatically. If you're not ready to do a release
yet, that's fine, whenever you add more changesets to version-2.11, this
PR will be updated.


# Releases
## @apollo/composition@2.11.4

### Patch Changes

- Automatically propagate authorization requirements from implementing
type to interface in the supergraph.
([#3325](#3325))

Authorization requirements now automatically propagate from implementing
types to interfaces during composition. Direct auth specifications on
interfaces are no longer allowed. Interface access requires satisfying
ALL implementing types' requirements (`AND` rule), with these
requirements included in the supergraph for backward compatibility with
older routers.

- Fix transitive auth requirements on `@requires` and `@fromcontext`
([#3325](#3325))

Adds new `postMergeValidation` check to ensure that all fields that
depends on data from other parts of the supergraph through `@requires`
and/or `@fromContext` directives explicitly specify matching
`@authenticated`, `@requiresScopes` and/or `@policy` auth requirements,
e.g.

    ```graphql
    type T @key(fields: "id") {
      id: ID!
      extra: String @external
# we need explicit `@authenticated` as it is needed to access extra
      requiresExtra: String @requires(fields: "extra") @authenticated
    }

    type T @key(fields: "id") {
      id: ID!
      extra: String @authenticated
    }
    ```

- Restrict usage of auth directives on interfaces
([#3325](#3325))

Restricts usage of `@authenticated`, `@policy` and `@requiresScopes`
from being applied on interfaces, interface objects and their fields.

GraphQL spec currently does not define any interface inheritance rules
and developers have to explicitly redefine all interface fields on their
implementations. At runtime, GraphQL servers cannot return abstract
types and always return concrete output types. Due to the above,
applying auth directives on the interfaces may lead to unexpected
runtime behavior as they won't have any effect at runtime.

- Stricter merge rules for @requiresScopes and @Policy
([#3325](#3325))

Current merge policies for `@authenticated`, `@requiresScopes` and
`@policy` were inconsistent.

If a shared field uses the same authorization directives across
subgraphs, composition merges them using `OR` logic. However, if a
shared field uses different authorization directives across subgraphs
composition merges them using `AND` logic. This simplified schema
evolution, but weakened security requirements. Therefore, the behavior
has been changed to always apply `AND` logic to authorization directives
applied to the same field across subgraphs.

Since `@policy` and `@requiresScopes` values represent boolean
conditions in Disjunctive Normal Form, we can merge them conjunctively
to get the final auth requirements. For example:

    ```graphql
    # subgraph A
    type T @authenticated {
      # requires scopes (A1 AND A2) OR A3
      secret: String @requiresScopes(scopes: [["A1", "A2"], ["A3"]])
    }

    # subgraph B
    type T {
      # requires scopes B1 OR B2
      secret: String @requiresScopes(scopes: [["B1"], ["B2"]]
    }

    # composed supergraph
    type T @authenticated {
      secret: String @requiresScopes(
        scopes: [
          ["A1", "A2", "B1"],
          ["A1", "A2", "B2"],
          ["A3", "B1"],
          ["A3", "B2"]
        ])
    }
    ```

    This algorithm also deduplicates redundant requirements, e.g.

    ```graphql
    # subgraph A
    type T {
      # requires A1 AND A2 scopes to access
      secret: String @requiresScopes(scopes: [["A1", "A2"]])
    }

    # subgraph B
    type T {
      # requires only A1 scope to access
      secret: String @requiresScopes(scopes: [["A1"]])
    }

    # composed supergraph
    type T {
      # requires only A1 scope to access as A2 is redundant
      secret: String @requiresScopes(scopes: [["A1"]])
    }
    ```

- Updated dependencies
\[[`d221ac04c3ee00a3c7a671d9d56e2cfa36943b49`](d221ac0),
[`7730c03e128be6754b9e40c086d5cb5c4685ac66`](7730c03),
[`4bda3a498eba36e187dfd9ae673eca12d3f3502c`](4bda3a4),
[`f3ab499eaf62b1a1c0f08b838d2cbde5accb303a`](f3ab499),
[`6adbf7e86927de969aedab665b6a3a8dbf3a6095`](6adbf7e),
[`2a20dc38dfc40e0b618d5cc826f18a19ddb91aff`](2a20dc3)]:
    -   @apollo/federation-internals@2.11.4
    -   @apollo/query-graphs@2.11.4

## @apollo/gateway@2.11.4

### Patch Changes

- Updated dependencies
\[[`d221ac04c3ee00a3c7a671d9d56e2cfa36943b49`](d221ac0),
[`7730c03e128be6754b9e40c086d5cb5c4685ac66`](7730c03),
[`4bda3a498eba36e187dfd9ae673eca12d3f3502c`](4bda3a4),
[`f3ab499eaf62b1a1c0f08b838d2cbde5accb303a`](f3ab499),
[`6adbf7e86927de969aedab665b6a3a8dbf3a6095`](6adbf7e),
[`2a20dc38dfc40e0b618d5cc826f18a19ddb91aff`](2a20dc3)]:
    -   @apollo/composition@2.11.4
    -   @apollo/federation-internals@2.11.4
    -   @apollo/query-planner@2.11.4

## @apollo/federation-internals@2.11.4

### Patch Changes

- Automatically propagate authorization requirements from implementing
type to interface in the supergraph.
([#3325](#3325))

Authorization requirements now automatically propagate from implementing
types to interfaces during composition. Direct auth specifications on
interfaces are no longer allowed. Interface access requires satisfying
ALL implementing types' requirements (`AND` rule), with these
requirements included in the supergraph for backward compatibility with
older routers.

- Fix transitive auth requirements on `@requires` and `@fromcontext`
([#3325](#3325))

Adds new `postMergeValidation` check to ensure that all fields that
depends on data from other parts of the supergraph through `@requires`
and/or `@fromContext` directives explicitly specify matching
`@authenticated`, `@requiresScopes` and/or `@policy` auth requirements,
e.g.

    ```graphql
    type T @key(fields: "id") {
      id: ID!
      extra: String @external
# we need explicit `@authenticated` as it is needed to access extra
      requiresExtra: String @requires(fields: "extra") @authenticated
    }

    type T @key(fields: "id") {
      id: ID!
      extra: String @authenticated
    }
    ```

- Fixed demand control validations
([#3314](#3314))

Updated `@cost`/`@listSize` validations to use correct federation spec
to look them up in the schema.

- Restrict usage of auth directives on interfaces
([#3325](#3325))

Restricts usage of `@authenticated`, `@policy` and `@requiresScopes`
from being applied on interfaces, interface objects and their fields.

GraphQL spec currently does not define any interface inheritance rules
and developers have to explicitly redefine all interface fields on their
implementations. At runtime, GraphQL servers cannot return abstract
types and always return concrete output types. Due to the above,
applying auth directives on the interfaces may lead to unexpected
runtime behavior as they won't have any effect at runtime.

- Stricter merge rules for @requiresScopes and @Policy
([#3325](#3325))

Current merge policies for `@authenticated`, `@requiresScopes` and
`@policy` were inconsistent.

If a shared field uses the same authorization directives across
subgraphs, composition merges them using `OR` logic. However, if a
shared field uses different authorization directives across subgraphs
composition merges them using `AND` logic. This simplified schema
evolution, but weakened security requirements. Therefore, the behavior
has been changed to always apply `AND` logic to authorization directives
applied to the same field across subgraphs.

Since `@policy` and `@requiresScopes` values represent boolean
conditions in Disjunctive Normal Form, we can merge them conjunctively
to get the final auth requirements. For example:

    ```graphql
    # subgraph A
    type T @authenticated {
      # requires scopes (A1 AND A2) OR A3
      secret: String @requiresScopes(scopes: [["A1", "A2"], ["A3"]])
    }

    # subgraph B
    type T {
      # requires scopes B1 OR B2
      secret: String @requiresScopes(scopes: [["B1"], ["B2"]]
    }

    # composed supergraph
    type T @authenticated {
      secret: String @requiresScopes(
        scopes: [
          ["A1", "A2", "B1"],
          ["A1", "A2", "B2"],
          ["A3", "B1"],
          ["A3", "B2"]
        ])
    }
    ```

    This algorithm also deduplicates redundant requirements, e.g.

    ```graphql
    # subgraph A
    type T {
      # requires A1 AND A2 scopes to access
      secret: String @requiresScopes(scopes: [["A1", "A2"]])
    }

    # subgraph B
    type T {
      # requires only A1 scope to access
      secret: String @requiresScopes(scopes: [["A1"]])
    }

    # composed supergraph
    type T {
      # requires only A1 scope to access as A2 is redundant
      secret: String @requiresScopes(scopes: [["A1"]])
    }
    ```

## @apollo/query-graphs@2.11.4

### Patch Changes

- Fixes a bug where query planning may unexpectedly error due to
attempting to generate a plan where a `@shareable` mutation field is
called more than once across multiple subgraphs.
([#3304](#3304))
([#3304](#3304))

- Updated dependencies
\[[`d221ac04c3ee00a3c7a671d9d56e2cfa36943b49`](d221ac0),
[`7730c03e128be6754b9e40c086d5cb5c4685ac66`](7730c03),
[`4bda3a498eba36e187dfd9ae673eca12d3f3502c`](4bda3a4),
[`6adbf7e86927de969aedab665b6a3a8dbf3a6095`](6adbf7e),
[`2a20dc38dfc40e0b618d5cc826f18a19ddb91aff`](2a20dc3)]:
    -   @apollo/federation-internals@2.11.4

## @apollo/query-planner@2.11.4

### Patch Changes

- Fixes a bug where query planning may unexpectedly error due to
attempting to generate a plan where a `@shareable` mutation field is
called more than once across multiple subgraphs.
([#3304](#3304))
([#3304](#3304))

- Updated dependencies
\[[`d221ac04c3ee00a3c7a671d9d56e2cfa36943b49`](d221ac0),
[`7730c03e128be6754b9e40c086d5cb5c4685ac66`](7730c03),
[`4bda3a498eba36e187dfd9ae673eca12d3f3502c`](4bda3a4),
[`f3ab499eaf62b1a1c0f08b838d2cbde5accb303a`](f3ab499),
[`6adbf7e86927de969aedab665b6a3a8dbf3a6095`](6adbf7e),
[`2a20dc38dfc40e0b618d5cc826f18a19ddb91aff`](2a20dc3)]:
    -   @apollo/federation-internals@2.11.4
    -   @apollo/query-graphs@2.11.4

## @apollo/subgraph@2.11.4

### Patch Changes

- Updated dependencies
\[[`d221ac04c3ee00a3c7a671d9d56e2cfa36943b49`](d221ac0),
[`7730c03e128be6754b9e40c086d5cb5c4685ac66`](7730c03),
[`4bda3a498eba36e187dfd9ae673eca12d3f3502c`](4bda3a4),
[`6adbf7e86927de969aedab665b6a3a8dbf3a6095`](6adbf7e),
[`2a20dc38dfc40e0b618d5cc826f18a19ddb91aff`](2a20dc3)]:
    -   @apollo/federation-internals@2.11.4

## apollo-federation-integration-testsuite@2.11.4

Co-authored-by: github-actions[bot] <41898282+github-actions[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
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