Bump node version from 16 to 18 (facebook#35443)

Summary:
Node 18: https://nodejs.org/de/blog/announcements/v18-release-announce/

Node 16 EOL: 2023-09-11
https://nodejs.org/en/blog/announcements/nodejs16-eol/

Node 18 EOL: 2025-04-30

Follow-up
- facebook#34171
- facebook#32980

Ref
- react-native-community/docker-android#187

cc ramonmedel cortinico gengjiawen

## Changelog

<!-- Help reviewers and the release process by writing your own changelog entry. For an example, see:
https://reactnative.dev/contributing/changelogs-in-pull-requests
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[JavaScript] [Changed] - Bump node version from 16 to 18

Pull Request resolved: facebook#35443

Test Plan: Everything builds and runs as expected

Reviewed By: cipolleschi

Differential Revision: D41531161

Pulled By: cortinico

fbshipit-source-id: 305888f55ed179f75bef34548aebf22fc2951308

.circleci/config.yml

@@ -39,8 +39,8 @@ references:
   # -------------------------
   dependency_versions:
     xcode_version: &xcode_version "14.0.1"
-    nodelts_image: &nodelts_image "cimg/node:16.14"
-    nodeprevlts_image: &nodeprevlts_image "cimg/node:14.19"
+    nodelts_image: &nodelts_image "cimg/node:18.12.1"
+    nodeprevlts_image: &nodeprevlts_image "cimg/node:16.18.1"
 
   # -------------------------
   #        Cache Key Anchors
@@ -568,7 +568,7 @@ jobs:
       - run:
           name: Configure Environment Variables
           command: |
-            echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/opt/node@16/bin:$PATH' >> $BASH_ENV
+            echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/opt/node@18/bin:$PATH' >> $BASH_ENV
             source $BASH_ENV
 
       - run:

.node-version

@@ -1 +1 @@
-16
+18

template/_node-version

@@ -1 +1 @@
-16
+18