Minor LibGit2 cleanup (#35466)

* Fix spelling of committish

The official git glossary (https://git-scm.com/docs/gitglossary),
spells this commit-ish or committish. Since we can't do the former,
use the latter consistently. We had three different spellings.

* Minor LibGit2 API improvement

Use the _bypath function in GitTree getindex rather than opencoding
it using the tree walker.

stdlib/LibGit2/src/LibGit2.jl

@@ -728,7 +728,7 @@ function merge!(repo::GitRepo;
                                "There is no fetch reference for this branch."))
             end
             Base.map(fh->GitAnnotated(repo,fh), fheads)
-        else # merge commitish
+        else # merge committish
             [GitAnnotated(repo, committish)]
         end
     else

stdlib/LibGit2/src/commit.jl

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 # This file is a part of Julia. License is MIT: https://julialang.org/license
 
+repository(c::GitCommit) = c.owner
+
 """
     message(c::GitCommit, raw::Bool=false)
 

stdlib/LibGit2/src/merge.jl

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
     GitAnnotated(repo::GitRepo, commit_id::GitHash)
     GitAnnotated(repo::GitRepo, ref::GitReference)
     GitAnnotated(repo::GitRepo, fh::FetchHead)
-    GitAnnotated(repo::GitRepo, comittish::AbstractString)
+    GitAnnotated(repo::GitRepo, committish::AbstractString)
 
 An annotated git commit carries with it information about how it was looked up and
 why, so that rebase or merge operations have more information about the context of
@@ -40,8 +40,8 @@ function GitAnnotated(repo::GitRepo, fh::FetchHead)
     return GitAnnotated(repo, ann_ref_ref[])
 end
 
-function GitAnnotated(repo::GitRepo, comittish::AbstractString)
-    obj = GitObject(repo, comittish)
+function GitAnnotated(repo::GitRepo, committish::AbstractString)
+    obj = GitObject(repo, committish)
     cmt = peel(GitCommit, obj)
     return GitAnnotated(repo, GitHash(cmt))
 end

stdlib/LibGit2/src/repository.jl

@@ -263,32 +263,32 @@ end
 peel(obj::GitObject) = peel(GitObject, obj)
 
 """
-    LibGit2.GitDescribeResult(commitish::GitObject; kwarg...)
+    LibGit2.GitDescribeResult(committish::GitObject; kwarg...)
 
-Produce a `GitDescribeResult` of the `commitish` `GitObject`, which
+Produce a `GitDescribeResult` of the `committish` `GitObject`, which
 contains detailed information about it based on the keyword argument:
 
   * `options::DescribeOptions=DescribeOptions()`
 
-A git description of a `commitish` object looks for the tag (by default, annotated,
-although a search of all tags can be performed) which can be reached from `commitish`
-which is most recent. If the tag is pointing to `commitish`, then only the tag is
+A git description of a `committish` object looks for the tag (by default, annotated,
+although a search of all tags can be performed) which can be reached from `committish`
+which is most recent. If the tag is pointing to `committish`, then only the tag is
 included in the description. Otherwise, a suffix is included which contains the
-number of commits between `commitish` and the most recent tag. If there is no such
+number of commits between `committish` and the most recent tag. If there is no such
 tag, the default behavior is for the description to fail, although this can be
 changed through `options`.
 
-Equivalent to `git describe <commitish>`. See [`DescribeOptions`](@ref) for more
+Equivalent to `git describe <committish>`. See [`DescribeOptions`](@ref) for more
 information.
 """
-function GitDescribeResult(commitish::GitObject;
+function GitDescribeResult(committish::GitObject;
                            options::DescribeOptions=DescribeOptions())
     ensure_initialized()
     result_ptr_ptr = Ref{Ptr{Cvoid}}(C_NULL)
     @check ccall((:git_describe_commit, :libgit2), Cint,
                  (Ptr{Ptr{Cvoid}}, Ptr{Cvoid}, Ptr{DescribeOptions}),
-                 result_ptr_ptr, commitish.ptr, Ref(options))
-    return GitDescribeResult(commitish.owner, result_ptr_ptr[])
+                 result_ptr_ptr, committish.ptr, Ref(options))
+    return GitDescribeResult(committish.owner, result_ptr_ptr[])
 end
 
 """

stdlib/LibGit2/src/tree.jl

@@ -1,5 +1,11 @@
 # This file is a part of Julia. License is MIT: https://julialang.org/license
 
+function GitTree(c::GitCommit)
+    tree_out = Ref{Ptr{Cvoid}}(C_NULL)
+    @check ccall((:git_commit_tree, :libgit2), Cint, (Ptr{Ptr{Cvoid}}, Ptr{Cvoid}), tree_out, c)
+    GitTree(repository(c), tree_out[])
+end
+
 """
     treewalk(f, tree::GitTree, post::Bool=false)
 
@@ -122,14 +128,14 @@ tree_entry = tree[1]
 blob = LibGit2.GitBlob(tree_entry)
 ```
 """
-function GitObject(e::GitTreeEntry) end
+GitObject(e::GitTreeEntry)
 function (::Type{T})(te::GitTreeEntry) where T<:GitObject
     ensure_initialized()
     repo = repository(te)
     obj_ptr_ptr = Ref{Ptr{Cvoid}}(C_NULL)
     @check ccall((:git_tree_entry_to_object, :libgit2), Cint,
-                  (Ptr{Ptr{Cvoid}}, Ptr{Cvoid}, Ref{Nothing}),
-                   obj_ptr_ptr, repo.ptr, te.ptr)
+                  (Ptr{Ptr{Cvoid}}, Ptr{Cvoid}, Ptr{Cvoid}),
+                   obj_ptr_ptr, repo, te)
     return T(repo, obj_ptr_ptr[])
 end
 
@@ -146,6 +152,23 @@ function Base.show(io::IO, tree::GitTree)
     println(io, "Number of entries: ", count(tree))
 end
 
+function _getindex(tree::GitTree, target::AbstractString)
+    if basename(target) == ""
+        # get rid of any trailing separator
+        target = dirname(target)
+    end
+    if isempty(target) || target == "/"
+        return tree
+    end
+
+    entry = Ref{Ptr{Cvoid}}(C_NULL)
+    err = ccall((:git_tree_entry_bypath, :libgit2), Cint, (Ptr{Ptr{Cvoid}}, Ptr{Cvoid}, Cstring), entry, tree, target)
+    err == Int(Error.ENOTFOUND) && return nothing
+    err < 0 && throw(Error.GitError(err))
+    entry = GitTreeEntry(tree, entry[], true #= N.B.: Most other lookups need false here =#)
+    return GitObject(entry)
+end
+
 """
     getindex(tree::GitTree, target::AbstractString) -> GitObject
 
@@ -161,33 +184,11 @@ runtests = subtree["runtests.jl"]
 ```
 """
 function Base.getindex(tree::GitTree, target::AbstractString)
-    if basename(target) == ""
-        # get rid of any trailing separator
-        target = dirname(target)
-    end
-    if target == "" || target == "/"
-        return tree
-    end
+    e = _getindex(tree, target)
+    e === nothing && throw(KeyError(target))
+    return e
+end
 
-    local oid = nothing
-    function _getindex_callback(root::String, entry::GitTreeEntry)::Cint
-        path = joinpath(root, filename(entry))
-        if path == target
-            # we found the target, save the oid and stop the walk
-            oid = entryid(entry)
-            # workaround for issue: https://github.com/libgit2/libgit2/issues/4693
-            ensure_initialized()
-            ccall((:giterr_set_str, :libgit2), Cvoid,
-                  (Cint, Cstring), Cint(Error.Callback),
-                  "git_tree_walk callback returned -1")
-            return -1
-        elseif entrytype(entry) == GitTree && !startswith(target, path)
-            # this subtree isn't relevant, so skip it
-            return 1
-        end
-        return 0
-    end
-    treewalk(_getindex_callback, tree)
-    oid === nothing && throw(KeyError(target))
-    return GitObject(repository(tree), oid)
+function Base.haskey(tree::GitTree, target::AbstractString)
+    return _getindex(tree, target) !== nothing
 end

stdlib/LibGit2/src/types.jl

@@ -1010,6 +1010,7 @@ for (typ, owntyp, sup, cname) in [
                 return obj
             end
         end
+        @eval Base.unsafe_convert(::Type{Ptr{Cvoid}}, x::$typ) = x.ptr
     else
         @eval mutable struct $typ <: $sup
             owner::$owntyp
@@ -1024,6 +1025,7 @@ for (typ, owntyp, sup, cname) in [
                 return obj
             end
         end
+        @eval Base.unsafe_convert(::Type{Ptr{Cvoid}}, x::$typ) = x.ptr
         if isa(owntyp, Expr) && owntyp.args[1] === :Union && owntyp.args[3] === :Nothing
             @eval begin
                 $typ(ptr::Ptr{Cvoid}, fin::Bool=true) = $typ(nothing, ptr, fin)