feat: support time() and related functions in PromQL

[waynexia]

I hereby agree to the terms of the GreptimeDB CLA

What's changed and what's your intention?

• Enhance support of time()
• Add support to
  • minute()
  • hour
  • month()
  • year()
  • day_of_month()
  • day_of_week()
  • day_of_year()
  • days_in_month()

Checklist

• I have written the necessary rustdoc comments.
• I have added the necessary unit tests and integration tests.

Refer to a related PR or issue link (optional)

• Tracking Issue: Improve PromQL compliance #1042

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #2854 (e588192) into develop (7e68ecc) will decrease coverage by 0.31%.
Report is 5 commits behind head on develop.
The diff coverage is 48.14%.

Additional details and impacted files

@@             Coverage Diff             @@
##           develop    #2854      +/-   ##
===========================================
- Coverage    84.62%   84.31%   -0.31%     
===========================================
  Files          738      740       +2     
  Lines       115520   116498     +978     
===========================================
+ Hits         97755    98225     +470     
- Misses       17765    18273     +508