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# Android版本简介 | ||
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| Android 版本 | API 等级 | 版本代号 | 发布时间 | | ||
| :--------: | :-----: | :----------: | :------------------: | | ||
| Android 12 | 31 | S | 2021 年 10 月 4 日 | | ||
| Android 11 | 30 | R | 2020 年 9 月 9 日 | | ||
| Android 10 | 29 | Q | 2019 年 9 月 3 日 | | ||
| Android 9.0 | 28 | P | 2018 年 8 月 7 日 | | ||
| Android 8.1 | 27 | O_MR1 | 2017 年 12 月 5 日 | | ||
| Android 8.0 | 26 | O | 2017 年 8 月 22 日 | | ||
| Android 7.1 | 25 | N_MR1 | 2016 年 12 月 5 日 | | ||
| Android 7.0 | 24 | N | 2016 年 8 月 22 日 | | ||
| Android 6.0 | 23 | M | 2015 年 9 月 29 日 | | ||
| Android 5.1 | 22 | LOLLIPOP_MR1 | 2015 年 3 月 10 日 | | ||
| Android 5.0 | 21 | LOLLIPOP | 2014 年 10 月 15 日 | | ||
| Android 4.4 | 19 | KITKAT | 2013 年 10 月 31 日 | | ||
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# Android各版本重大变化说明 | ||
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> 详细Android各版本变化可参见:[AndroidVersionAdapter](https://github.com/getActivity/AndroidVersionAdapter) 或者 [官方文档](https://developer.android.google.cn/about/versions) | ||
## Android 12.0 | ||
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* [启动画面](https://developer.android.google.cn/about/versions/12/features/splash-screen?hl=zh-cn) | ||
* [性能等级](https://developer.android.google.cn/about/versions/12/features/performance-class?hl=zh-cn) | ||
* [Android 12 中的新蓝牙权限](https://developer.android.google.cn/about/versions/12/features/bluetooth-permissions?hl=zh-cn) | ||
* [更安全的组件导出](https://developer.android.google.cn/about/versions/12/behavior-changes-12?hl=zh-cn#exported) | ||
* [自定义通知模板](https://developer.android.google.cn/about/versions/12/behavior-changes-12?hl=zh-cn#custom-notifications) | ||
* [通知 trampoline 限制](https://developer.android.google.cn/about/versions/12/behavior-changes-12?hl=zh-cn#notification-trampolines) | ||
* [前台服务启动限制](https://developer.android.google.cn/about/versions/12/behavior-changes-12?hl=zh-cn#foreground-service-launch-restrictions) | ||
* [应用无法关闭系统对话框](https://developer.android.google.cn/about/versions/12/behavior-changes-all?hl=zh-cn#close-system-dialogs) | ||
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## Android 11.0 | ||
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* [强制执行分区存储](https://developer.android.google.cn/about/versions/11/privacy/storage?hl=zh-cn#scoped-storage) | ||
* [单次授权](https://developer.android.google.cn/about/versions/11/privacy/permissions?hl=zh-cn#one-time) | ||
* [系统提醒窗口权限](https://developer.android.google.cn/about/versions/11/privacy/permissions?hl=zh-cn#system-alert) | ||
* [在后台访问位置信息的权限](https://developer.android.google.cn/about/versions/11/privacy/location?hl=zh-cn#background-location) | ||
* [Toast后台显示限制](https://developer.android.google.cn/about/versions/11/behavior-changes-11?hl=zh-cn#toasts) | ||
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## Android 10.0 | ||
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* [Android 10(Q)/11(R) 分区存储适配](https://juejin.cn/post/6862633674089693197) | ||
* [Android 10 深色主题适配](https://guolin.blog.csdn.net/article/details/106061657) | ||
* [Android 折叠屏适配攻略](https://juejin.cn/post/6844903889267867656) | ||
* [后台启动 Activity 的限制](https://juejin.cn/post/6844904073024503822#heading-13) | ||
* [限制非 SDK 接口](https://developer.android.google.cn/about/versions/10/behavior-changes-all?hl=zh-cn#non-sdk-restrictions) | ||
* [设备唯一标识符限制](https://juejin.cn/post/6844904073024503822#heading-20) | ||
* [5G 网络](https://developer.android.google.cn/about/versions/10/highlights?hl=zh-cn#5g_networks) | ||
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## Android 9.0 | ||
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* [Apache HTTP 客户端弃用](https://developer.android.google.cn/about/versions/pie/android-9.0-changes-28?hl=zh-cn#apache-p) | ||
* [前台服务](https://developer.android.google.cn/about/versions/pie/android-9.0-changes-28?hl=zh-cn#fg-svc) | ||
* [不允许调用hide api](https://weishu.me/2019/03/16/another-free-reflection-above-android-p/) | ||
* [Android刘海屏适配](https://www.jianshu.com/p/561f7241153b) | ||
* [强制执行 `FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK` 要求](https://developer.android.google.cn/about/versions/pie/android-9.0-changes-all?hl=zh-cn#fant-required) | ||
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## Android 8.0/8.1 | ||
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* [通知全面重新设计(渠道等)](https://developer.android.google.cn/about/versions/oreo/android-8.0?hl=zh-cn#notifications) | ||
* [后台执行限制](https://developer.android.google.cn/about/versions/oreo/android-8.0-changes?hl=zh-cn#back-all) | ||
* 隐式广播限制 | ||
* 开启后台Service限制 | ||
* 应用安装REQUEST_INSTALL_PACKAGES权限 | ||
* [自动填充框架](https://developer.android.google.cn/about/versions/oreo/android-8.0?hl=zh-cn#af) | ||
* [画中画模式](https://developer.android.google.cn/about/versions/oreo/android-8.0?hl=zh-cn#opip) | ||
* [自适应图标](https://developer.android.google.cn/about/versions/oreo/android-8.0?hl=zh-cn#ai) | ||
* [应用快捷键](https://developer.android.google.cn/about/versions/oreo/android-8.0-changes?hl=zh-cn#as) | ||
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## Android 7.0/7.1.1 | ||
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* [多窗口支持](https://developer.android.google.cn/about/versions/nougat/android-7.0?hl=zh-cn#multi-window_support) | ||
* [配置文件指导的 JIT/AOT 编译](https://developer.android.google.cn/about/versions/nougat/android-7.0?hl=zh-cn#jit_aot) | ||
* [VR 支持](https://developer.android.google.cn/about/versions/nougat/android-7.0?hl=zh-cn#vr) | ||
* [应用快捷方式](https://developer.android.google.cn/about/versions/nougat/android-7.1?hl=zh-cn#shortcuts) | ||
* [在应用间共享文件FileProvider](https://developer.android.google.cn/about/versions/nougat/android-7.0-changes?hl=zh-cn#sharing-files) | ||
* [进一步的电池和内存优化](https://developer.android.google.cn/about/versions/nougat/android-7.0-changes?hl=zh-cn#perf) | ||
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## Android 6.0 | ||
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* [运行时权限](https://developer.android.google.cn/about/versions/marshmallow/android-6.0-changes?hl=zh-cn#behavior-runtime-permissions) | ||
* [指纹身份验证](https://developer.android.google.cn/about/versions/marshmallow/android-6.0?hl=zh-cn#fingerprint-authentication) | ||
* [应用链接](https://developer.android.google.cn/about/versions/marshmallow/android-6.0?hl=zh-cn#app-linking) | ||
* [低电耗模式和应用待机模式(Doze电量管理)](https://developer.android.google.cn/about/versions/marshmallow/android-6.0-changes?hl=zh-cn#behavior-power) | ||
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## Android 5.0/5.1 | ||
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* [Material Design支持](https://developer.android.google.cn/about/versions/android-5.0?hl=zh-cn#MaterialDesign) | ||
* [Android Runtime (ART)](https://developer.android.google.cn/about/versions/android-5.0-changes?hl=zh-cn#ART) | ||
* [WebView 更新](https://developer.android.google.cn/about/versions/android-5.0?hl=zh-cn#WebView) | ||
* [蓝牙低功耗](https://developer.android.google.cn/about/versions/android-5.0?hl=zh-cn#BluetoothBroadcasting) | ||
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## Android 4.4 | ||
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* [Google打印框架](https://developer.android.google.cn/about/versions/android-4.4?hl=zh-cn#Printing) | ||
* [沉浸式全屏模式](https://developer.android.google.cn/about/versions/android-4.4?hl=zh-cn#ImmersiveMode) | ||
* [透明系统状态栏](https://developer.android.google.cn/about/versions/android-4.4?hl=zh-cn#TranslucentBars) | ||
* [可绘制的RTL布局镜像](https://developer.android.google.cn/about/versions/android-4.4?hl=zh-cn#DrawableMirroring) | ||
* [无障碍功能](https://developer.android.google.cn/about/versions/android-4.4?hl=zh-cn#A11y) | ||
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## Android 4.3 | ||
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* BLE支持 |
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