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添加了一些中文内容
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yanqi.zong committed May 3, 2016
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Expand Up @@ -15,15 +15,55 @@ A collection of HTML head elements.

## Meta Element

> 标签提供关于HTML文档的元数据。元数据不会显示在页面上，但是对于机器是可读的。它可用于浏览器（如何显示内容或重新加载页面），搜索引擎（关键词），或其他 web 服务。 —— W3School
``` html
<!-- content-Type(设定网页字符集) -->
<meta http-equiv="content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8"> <!-- 旧的HTML，不推荐 -->
<meta charset="utf-8">
<!-- 优先使用 IE 最新版本和 Chrome -->
<meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="ie=edge">
<!--
浏览器内核控制：国内浏览器很多都是双内核（webkit和Trident），
webkit内核高速浏览，IE内核兼容网页和旧版网站。
而添加meta标签的网站可以控制浏览器选择何种内核渲染。
-->
<meta name="renderer" content="webkit|ie-comp|ie-stand">
<!--
viewport：能优化移动浏览器的显示。如果不是响应式网站，不要使用initial-scale或者禁用缩放。
width：宽度（数值 / device-width）（范围从200 到10,000，默认为980 像素）
height：高度（数值 / device-height）（范围从223 到10,000）
initial-scale：初始的缩放比例 （范围从>0 到10）
minimum-scale：允许用户缩放到的最小比例
maximum-scale：允许用户缩放到的最大比例
user-scalable：用户是否可以手动缩 (no,yes)
minimal-ui：可以在页面加载时最小化上下状态栏。（已弃用）
注意，很多人使用initial-scale=1到非响应式网站上，这会让网站以100%宽度渲染，
用户需要手动移动页面或者缩放。如果和initial-scale=1同时使用user-scalable=no或maximum-scale=1，
则用户将不能放大/缩小网页来看到全部的内容。
-->
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<!-- The above 3 meta tags *must* come first in the head; any other head content must come *after* these tags -->

<!--
页面关键词，每个网页应具有描述该网页内容的一组唯一的关键字。
使用人们可能会搜索，并准确描述网页上所提供信息的描述性和代表性关键字及短语。
标记内容太短，则搜索引擎可能不会认为这些内容相关。另外标记不应超过 874 个字符。
-->
<meta name="keywords" content="your,keywords,here,comma,separated,no,spaces">
<!-- 页面描述，每个网页都应有一个不超过 150 个字符且能准确反映网页内容的描述标签 -->
<meta name="description" content="150 chars">
<meta name="subject" content="your website's subject">
<meta name="language" content="en">

<!--
搜索引擎
all：文件将被检索，且页面上的链接可以被查询；
none：文件将不被检索，且页面上的链接不可以被查询；
index：文件将被检索；
follow：页面上的链接可以被查询；
noindex：文件将不被检索；
nofollow：页面上的链接不可以被查询。
-->
<meta name="robots" content="index,follow">
<meta name="googlebot" content="index,follow">
<meta name="google" content="nositelinkssearchbox">
Expand All @@ -46,12 +86,51 @@ A collection of HTML head elements.
<meta name="rating" content="General">
<meta name="referrer" content="never">
<meta name="revisit-after" content="7 days">
<!--
页面重定向和刷新：content内的数字代表时间（秒），既多少时间后刷新。如果加url,则会重定向到指定网页（搜索引擎能够自动检测，也很容易被引擎视作误导而受到惩罚）。
-->
<meta http-equiv="refresh" content="300;url=https://example.com/">

<!-- Cache Control -->
<meta http-equiv="Expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="refresh" content="url=https://example.com/">

<!--
Cache Control: 指定请求和响应遵循的缓存机制, 指导浏览器如何缓存某个响应以及缓存多长时间.
no-cache: 先发送请求，与服务器确认该资源是否被更改，如果未被更改，则使用缓存。
no-store: 不允许缓存，每次都要去服务器上，下载完整的响应。（安全措施）
public: 缓存所有响应，但并非必须。因为max-age也可以做到相同效果
private: 只为单个用户缓存，因此不允许任何中继进行缓存。（比如说CDN就不允许缓存private的响应）
maxage: 表示当前请求开始，该响应在多久内能被缓存和重用，而不去服务器重新请求。
例如：max-age=60表示响应可以再缓存和重用 60 秒。
-->
<meta http-equiv="Pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="Cache-Control" content="no-cache">
<!-- 转码申明：用百度打开网页可能会对其进行转码（比如贴广告），避免转码可添加如下meta -->
<meta http-equiv="Cache-Control" content="no-siteapp" />
<!-- expires(网页到期时间):用于设定网页的到期时间，过期后网页必须到服务器上重新传输。 -->
<meta http-equiv="Expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="Expires" content="Sunday 26 October 2016 01:00 GMT" />
```

## 移动设备相关
```html
<!-- 针对手持设备优化，主要是针对一些老的不识别viewport的浏览器，比如黑莓 -->
<meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true">
<!-- 微软的老式浏览器 -->
<meta name="MobileOptimized" content="320">
<!-- uc强制竖屏 -->
<meta name="screen-orientation" content="portrait">
<!-- QQ强制竖屏 -->
<meta name="x5-orientation" content="portrait">
<!-- UC强制全屏 -->
<meta name="full-screen" content="yes">
<!-- QQ强制全屏 -->
<meta name="x5-fullscreen" content="true">
<!-- UC应用模式 -->
<meta name="browsermode" content="application">
<!-- QQ应用模式 -->
<meta name="x5-page-mode" content="app">
<!-- windows phone 点击无高光 -->
<meta name="msapplication-tap-highlight" content="no">
```

## Link Element
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -96,10 +175,6 @@ A collection of HTML head elements.
### Favicons

``` html
<!-- For IE 10 and below -->
<!-- No link, just place a file called favicon.ico in the root directory -->

<!-- For IE 11, Chrome, Firefox, Safari, Opera -->
<link rel="icon" href="path/to/favicon-16.png" sizes="16x16" type="image/png">
<link rel="icon" href="path/to/favicon-32.png" sizes="32x32" type="image/png">
<link rel="icon" href="path/to/favicon-48.png" sizes="48x48" type="image/png">
Expand All @@ -109,51 +184,7 @@ A collection of HTML head elements.

- [All About Favicons (And Touch Icons)](https://bitsofco.de/all-about-favicons-and-touch-icons/)

## Social

### Facebook / Open Graph

``` html
<meta property="fb:app_id" content="123456789">
<meta property="og:url" content="https://example.com/page.html">
<meta property="og:type" content="website">
<meta property="og:title" content="Content Title">
<meta property="og:image" content="https://example.com/image.jpg">
<meta property="og:description" content="Description Here">
<meta property="og:site_name" content="Site Name">
<meta property="og:locale" content="en_US">
<meta property="article:author" content="">
<!-- Facebook: https://developers.facebook.com/docs/sharing/webmasters#markup -->
<!-- Open Graph: http://ogp.me/ -->
```

- [Facebook Open Graph Markup](https://developers.facebook.com/docs/sharing/webmasters#markup)
- [Open Graph protocol](http://ogp.me/)

### Twitter

``` html
<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary">
<meta name="twitter:site" content="@site_account">
<meta name="twitter:creator" content="@individual_account">
<meta name="twitter:url" content="https://example.com/page.html">
<meta name="twitter:title" content="Content Title">
<meta name="twitter:description" content="Content description less than 200 characters">
<meta name="twitter:image" content="https://example.com/image.jpg">
<!-- More info: https://dev.twitter.com/cards/getting-started -->
<!-- Validate: https://dev.twitter.com/docs/cards/validation/validator -->
```

- [Twitter Cards: Getting Started Guide](https://dev.twitter.com/cards/getting-started)
- [Twitter Card Validator](https://dev.twitter.com/docs/cards/validation/validator)

### Google+ / Schema.org

``` html
<meta itemprop="name" content="Content Title">
<meta itemprop="description" content="Content description less than 200 characters">
<meta itemprop="image" content="https://example.com/image.jpg">
```

## Browser/Platform

Expand All @@ -162,14 +193,21 @@ A collection of HTML head elements.

``` html
<!-- Smart App Banner -->
<!-- 添加智能 App 广告条 Smart App Banner：告诉浏览器这个网站对应的app，并在页面上显示下载banner -->
<meta name="apple-itunes-app" content="app-id=APP_ID,affiliate-data=AFFILIATE_ID,app-argument=SOME_TEXT">

<!-- Disable automatic detection and formatting of possible phone numbers -->
<!-- 忽略数字自动识别为电话号码 -->
<meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no">
<!-- 忽略识别邮箱 -->
<meta name="format-detection" content="email=no">

<!-- Add to Home Screen -->
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes">
<!-- WebApp全屏模式：伪装app，离线应用。-->
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes"> <!-- 启用 WebApp 全屏模式 -->
<!-- 隐藏状态栏/设置状态栏颜色：只有在开启WebApp全屏模式时才生效。content的值为default | black | black-translucent -->
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style" content="black">
<!-- 添加到主屏后的标题 -->
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-title" content="App Title">

<!-- Touch Icons -->
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -236,13 +274,6 @@ A collection of HTML head elements.
<meta http-equiv="page-exit" content="revealtrans(duration=3,transition=12)">
```

### 360 Browser

``` html
<!-- select rendering engine in order -->
<meta name="renderer" content="webkit|ie-comp|ie-stand">
```

## App Links

``` html
Expand All @@ -259,22 +290,67 @@ A collection of HTML head elements.
<!-- More info: http://applinks.org/documentation/ -->
```

## Social

### Facebook / Open Graph

``` html
<meta property="fb:app_id" content="123456789">
<meta property="og:url" content="https://example.com/page.html">
<meta property="og:type" content="website">
<meta property="og:title" content="Content Title">
<meta property="og:image" content="https://example.com/image.jpg">
<meta property="og:description" content="Description Here">
<meta property="og:site_name" content="Site Name">
<meta property="og:locale" content="en_US">
<meta property="article:author" content="">
<!-- Facebook: https://developers.facebook.com/docs/sharing/webmasters#markup -->
<!-- Open Graph: http://ogp.me/ -->
```

- [Facebook Open Graph Markup](https://developers.facebook.com/docs/sharing/webmasters#markup)
- [Open Graph protocol](http://ogp.me/)

### Twitter

``` html
<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary">
<meta name="twitter:site" content="@site_account">
<meta name="twitter:creator" content="@individual_account">
<meta name="twitter:url" content="https://example.com/page.html">
<meta name="twitter:title" content="Content Title">
<meta name="twitter:description" content="Content description less than 200 characters">
<meta name="twitter:image" content="https://example.com/image.jpg">
<!-- More info: https://dev.twitter.com/cards/getting-started -->
<!-- Validate: https://dev.twitter.com/docs/cards/validation/validator -->
```

- [Twitter Cards: Getting Started Guide](https://dev.twitter.com/cards/getting-started)
- [Twitter Card Validator](https://dev.twitter.com/docs/cards/validation/validator)

### Google+ / Schema.org

``` html
<meta itemprop="name" content="Content Title">
<meta itemprop="description" content="Content description less than 200 characters">
<meta itemprop="image" content="https://example.com/image.jpg">
```

- [App Links Docs](http://applinks.org/documentation/)

## Other Resources
## 参考资料

- [HTML5 Boilerplate Docs: The HTML](https://github.com/h5bp/html5-boilerplate/blob/master/dist/doc/html.md)
- [HTML5 Boilerplate Docs: Extend and customize](https://github.com/h5bp/html5-boilerplate/blob/master/dist/doc/extend.md)

## Contributing

Open an issue or a pull request to suggest changes or additions.
- [MDN Meta](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/meta)
- [常用meta整理](https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000002407912)
- [HTML meta标签总结与属性使用介绍](https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000004279791)

## Author

**Josh Buchea**
- <https://github.com/joshbuchea>
- <https://twitter.com/joshbuchea>
- <https://github.com/xiaoyu2er>

## License

Expand Down

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