Add "immediately" matcher

README.md

@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ expect(AwesomeJob).to have_enqueued_sidekiq_job(hash_excluding("bad_stuff" => an
 
 #### Testing scheduled jobs
 
-*Use chainable matchers `#at` and `#in`*
+*Use chainable matchers `#at`, `#in` and `#immediately`*
 
 ```ruby
 time = 5.minutes.from_now
@@ -113,6 +113,13 @@ AwesomeJob.perform_in 5.minutes, 'Awesome', true
 expect(AwesomeJob).to have_enqueued_sidekiq_job('Awesome', true).in(5.minutes)
 ```
 
+```ruby
+# Job scheduled for a date in the past are enqueued immediately.
+AwesomeJob.perform_later 5.minutes.ago, 'Awesome', true # equivalent to: AwesomeJob.perform_async 'Awesome', true
+# test with...
+expect(AwesomeJob).to have_enqueued_sidekiq_job('Awesome', true).immediately
+```
+
 #### Testing queue set for job
 
 Use the chainable `#on` matcher

lib/rspec/sidekiq/matchers/base.rb

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ def matches?(options)
         private
 
         def at_evaluator(value)
-          return false if job["at"].to_s.empty?
+          return value.nil? if job["at"].to_s.empty?
           value == Time.at(job["at"]).to_i
         end
 
@@ -185,6 +185,11 @@ def in(interval)
           self
         end
 
+        def immediately
+          @expected_options["at"] = nil
+          self
+        end
+
         def on(queue)
           @expected_options["queue"] = queue
           self

lib/rspec/sidekiq/matchers/enqueue_sidekiq_job.rb

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ def supports_block_expectations?
       #
       # Passes if a Job is enqueued as the result of a block. Chainable `with`
       # for arguments, `on` for queue, `at` for queued for a specific time, and
-      # `in` for a specific interval delay to being queued
+      # `in` for a specific interval delay to being queued, `immediately` for queued without delay.
       #
       # @example
       #
@@ -79,6 +79,11 @@ def supports_block_expectations?
       #   freeze_time do
       #     expect { AwesomeJob.perform_in(1.hour) }.to enqueue_sidekiq_job.in(1.hour)
       #   end
+      #
+      #   # Without any delay
+      #   expect { AwesomeJob.perform_async }.to enqueue_sidekiq_job.immediately
+      #   expect { AwesomeJob.perform_at(1.hour.ago) }.to enqueue_sidekiq_job.immediately
+
       def enqueue_sidekiq_job(job_class = nil)
         EnqueueSidekiqJob.new(job_class)
       end

spec/rspec/sidekiq/matchers/enqueue_sidekiq_job_spec.rb

@@ -177,6 +177,26 @@
       end
     end
 
+    context "immediately" do
+      it "passes if the job is enqueued immediately" do
+        expect { worker.perform_async }.to enqueue_sidekiq_job.immediately
+        expect { worker.perform_at(1.hour.ago) }.to enqueue_sidekiq_job.immediately
+      end
+
+      it "fails if the job is scheduled" do
+        specific_time = 1.hour.from_now
+        expect do
+          expect { worker.perform_at(specific_time) }.to enqueue_sidekiq_job.immediately
+        end.to raise_error { |error|
+          lines = error.message.split("\n")
+          expect(lines).to include(
+            match(/expected to have an enqueued .* job/),
+            match(/-{"at"=>nil}/)
+          )
+        }
+      end
+    end
+
     describe "chainable" do
       it "can chain expectations on the job" do
         specific_time = 1.hour.from_now

spec/rspec/sidekiq/matchers/have_enqueued_sidekiq_job_spec.rb

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 RSpec.describe RSpec::Sidekiq::Matchers::HaveEnqueuedSidekiqJob do
   let(:tomorrow) { DateTime.now + 1 }
+  let(:yesterday) { DateTime.now - 1 }
   let(:interval) { 3.minutes }
   let(:argument_subject) { described_class.new worker_args }
   let(:matcher_subject) { described_class.new [be_a(String), be_a(Integer), true, be_a(Hash)] }
@@ -223,6 +224,20 @@
               expect(matcher_subject.at(tomorrow + 1).matches? worker).to be false
             end
           end
+
+          context 'and past timestamp matches' do
+            it 'returns true' do
+              worker.perform_at(yesterday, *worker_args)
+              expect(matcher_subject.immediately.matches? worker).to be true
+            end
+          end
+
+          context 'and past timestamp does not match' do
+            it 'returns true' do
+              worker.perform_at(tomorrow, *worker_args)
+              expect(matcher_subject.immediately.matches? worker).to be false
+            end
+          end
         end
 
         context 'with #perform_in' do
@@ -239,6 +254,20 @@
               expect(matcher_subject.in(interval + 1.minute).matches? worker).to be false
             end
           end
+
+          context 'and past interval matches' do
+            it 'returns true' do
+              worker.perform_in(-1, *worker_args)
+              expect(matcher_subject.immediately.matches? worker).to be true
+            end
+          end
+
+          context 'and interval does not match' do
+            it 'returns false' do
+              worker.perform_in(1, *worker_args)
+              expect(matcher_subject.immediately.matches? worker).to be false
+            end
+          end
         end
       end
     end