"is not exported" when importing CJS library from worker, but not outside worker

[jakebailey]

Describe the bug

I tried to upgrade https://github.com/jakebailey/esbuild-playground to vite v6, but hit an issue with a CJS library I use in a worker. It looks like vite (or rollup?) can't find one of the exports, while vite v5 can.

Notably, doing the same import but not in a worker seems to operate correctly. It also works fine in dev mode.

I've created a minimal repro on stackblitz, included below, along with logs that are just in that stackblitz.

Reproduction

https://stackblitz.com/edit/vitejs-vite-cc7pyv?file=src%2Fmain.ts&view=editor

Steps to reproduce

• npm install
• npm run build

System Info

System:
    OS: Linux 6.11 Arch Linux
    CPU: (8) x64 11th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-1165G7 @ 2.80GHz
    Memory: 10.12 GB / 15.41 GB
    Container: Yes
    Shell: 5.9 - /usr/bin/zsh
  Binaries:
    Node: 22.10.0 - /run/user/1000/fnm_multishells/582535_1732647819061/bin/node
    pnpm: 9.12.2 - /run/user/1000/fnm_multishells/582535_1732647819061/bin/pnpm
    bun: 1.1.37 - /usr/bin/bun
  npmPackages:
    @vitejs/plugin-react: ^4.3.3 => 4.3.3 
    vite: ^5.4.10 => 5.4.10

Used Package Manager

npm

Logs

Click to expand!

> vite-typescript-starter@0.0.0 build
> tsc && vite build

vite v6.0.0 building for production...
✓ 7 modules transformed.
x Build failed in 752ms
error during build:
[vite:worker] src/worker.ts (1:9): "createFileSystem" is not exported by "node_modules/wasi-js/dist/index.js", imported by "src/worker.ts".
file: /home/projects/vitejs-vite-cc7pyv/src/worker.ts?worker:1:9

1: import { createFileSystem } from 'wasi-js';
            ^
2: 
3: createFileSystem([

    at getRollupError (file:///home/projects/vitejs-vite-cc7pyv/node_modules/rollup/dist/es/shared/parseAst.js:558:41)
    at Module.error (file:///home/projects/vitejs-vite-cc7pyv/node_modules/rollup/dist/es/shared/parseAst.js:554:42)
    at Module.error (file:///home/projects/vitejs-vite-cc7pyv/node_modules/rollup/dist/es/shared/node-entry.js:15618:29)
    at Module.traceVariable (file:///home/projects/vitejs-vite-cc7pyv/node_modules/rollup/dist/es/shared/node-entry.js:16067:29)
    at ModuleScope.findVariable (file:///home/projects/vitejs-vite-cc7pyv/node_modules/rollup/dist/es/shared/node-entry.js:13850:39)
    at Identifier.bind (file:///home/projects/vitejs-vite-cc7pyv/node_modules/rollup/dist/es/shared/node-entry.js:5096:40)
    at CallExpression.bind (file:///home/projects/vitejs-vite-cc7pyv/node_modules/rollup/dist/es/shared/node-entry.js:2683:23)
    at CallExpression.bind (file:///home/projects/vitejs-vite-cc7pyv/node_modules/rollup/dist/es/shared/node-entry.js:11314:15)
    at ExpressionStatement.bind (file:///home/projects/vitejs-vite-cc7pyv/node_modules/rollup/dist/es/shared/node-entry.js:2683:23)
    at Program.bind (file:///home/projects/vitejs-vite-cc7pyv/node_modules/rollup/dist/es/shared/node-entry.js:2679:28)

Validations

• Follow our Code of Conduct
• Read the Contributing Guidelines.
• Read the docs.
• Check that there isn't already an issue that reports the same bug to avoid creating a duplicate.
• Make sure this is a Vite issue and not a framework-specific issue. For example, if it's a Vue SFC related bug, it should likely be reported to vuejs/core instead.
• Check that this is a concrete bug. For Q&A open a GitHub Discussion or join our Discord Chat Server.
• The provided reproduction is a minimal reproducible example of the bug.

[luisfagottani]

I had this same issue with an worker as well.

error during build:
[vite:worker-import-meta-url] node_modules/styled-components/dist/styled-components.browser.esm.js (4:12): "useRef" is not exported by "node_modules/react/index.js", imported by "node_modules/styled-components/dist/styled-components.browser.esm.js".
file: ...functions.ts:4:12

[hi-ogawa]

It looks like this is because perEnvironmentPlugin's applyToEnvironment is not resolved for worker build.

vite/packages/vite/src/node/build.ts

Line 479 in 31cc61b

perEnvironmentPlugin('commonjs', (environment) => {

[cpojer]

I'm running into the same issue with the fastpriorityqueue npm package, which is using CJS. When I'm building my client which pulls this file in in a worker, Vite errors with:

error during build:
[vite-plugin-pwa:build] athena/Radius.tsx (1:7): "default" is not exported by "node_modules/.pnpm/fastpriorityqueue@0.7.5/node_modules/fastpriorityqueue/FastPriorityQueue.js", imported by "athena/Radius.tsx".
file: /home/runner/work/athena-crisis-universe/athena-crisis-universe/hera/workers/gameAction.tsx?worker:1:7

The code for this is open source at https://github.com/nkzw-tech/athena-crisis but this particular build step is not. If you'd like to build a repro, I recommend creating a vite.config.js that bundles files in the hera folder. Happy to help.

[jakebailey]

Seems like this is all good in vite 6.0.1. Thank you!!