Merge pull request TheAlgorithms#19 from himanshub16/datastructures/b…

…inarytree

Add binary tree and binary search tree

data-structures/binary-tree/binary-search-tree.go

@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+// Binary search tree
+// https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_search_tree
+
+package binarySearchTree
+
+// package main
+
+import "fmt"
+
+type node struct {
+	val   int
+	left  *node
+	right *node
+}
+
+type btree struct {
+	root *node
+}
+
+func max(a, b int) int {
+	if a > b {
+		return a
+	}
+	return b
+}
+
+func newNode(val int) *node {
+	return &node{val, nil, nil}
+}
+
+func inorder(n *node) {
+	if n != nil {
+		inorder(n.left)
+		fmt.Print(n.val, " ")
+		inorder(n.right)
+	}
+}
+
+func insert(root *node, val int) *node {
+	if root == nil {
+		return newNode(val)
+	}
+	if val < root.val {
+		root.left = insert(root.left, val)
+	} else {
+		root.right = insert(root.right, val)
+	}
+	return root
+}
+
+func inorderSuccessor(root *node) *node {
+	cur := root
+	for cur.left != nil {
+		cur = cur.left
+	}
+	return cur
+}
+
+func bst_delete(root *node, val int) *node {
+	if root == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if val < root.val {
+		root.left = bst_delete(root.left, val)
+	} else if val > root.val {
+		root.right = bst_delete(root.right, val)
+	} else {
+		// this is the node to delete
+
+		// node with one child
+		if root.left == nil {
+			root = root.right
+		} else if root.right == nil {
+			root = root.left
+		} else {
+			// node with two children
+			d := inorderSuccessor(root)
+			root.val = d.val
+			root.right = bst_delete(root.right, d.val)
+		}
+	}
+	return root
+}
+
+// helper function for t.depth
+func _calculate_depth(n *node, depth int) int {
+	if n == nil {
+		return depth
+	}
+	return max(_calculate_depth(n.left, depth+1), _calculate_depth(n.right, depth+1))
+}
+
+func (t *btree) depth() int {
+	return _calculate_depth(t.root, 0)
+}
+
+/*
+func main() {
+	t := &btree{nil}
+	inorder(t.root)
+	t.root = insert(t.root, 10)
+	t.root = insert(t.root, 20)
+	t.root = insert(t.root, 15)
+	t.root = insert(t.root, 30)
+	fmt.Print(t.depth(), "\n")
+	inorder(t.root)
+	fmt.Print("\n")
+	t.root = bst_delete(t.root, 10)
+	inorder(t.root)
+	fmt.Print("\n")
+	t.root = bst_delete(t.root, 30)
+	inorder(t.root)
+	fmt.Print("\n")
+	t.root = bst_delete(t.root, 15)
+	inorder(t.root)
+	fmt.Print("\n")
+	t.root = bst_delete(t.root, 20)
+	inorder(t.root)
+	fmt.Print("\n")
+	fmt.Print(t.depth(), "\n")
+}
+*/

data-structures/binary-tree/binary-tree.go

@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+// basic binary tree and related operations
+
+package binarytree
+
+// package main
+
+import "fmt"
+
+type node struct {
+	val   int
+	left  *node
+	right *node
+}
+
+type btree struct {
+	root *node
+}
+
+func max(a, b int) int {
+	if a > b {
+		return a
+	}
+	return b
+}
+
+func newNode(val int) *node {
+	n := &node{val, nil, nil}
+	return n
+}
+
+func inorder(n *node) {
+	if n == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	inorder(n.left)
+	fmt.Print(n.val, " ")
+	inorder(n.right)
+}
+
+func preorder(n *node) {
+	if n == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	fmt.Print(n.val, " ")
+	inorder(n.left)
+	inorder(n.right)
+}
+
+func postorder(n *node) {
+	if n == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	inorder(n.left)
+	inorder(n.right)
+	fmt.Print(n.val, " ")
+}
+
+func levelorder(root *node) {
+	var q []*node // queue
+	var n *node   // temporary node
+
+	q = append(q, root)
+
+	for len(q) != 0 {
+		n, q = q[0], q[1:]
+		fmt.Print(n.val, " ")
+		if n.left != nil {
+			q = append(q, n.left)
+		}
+		if n.right != nil {
+			q = append(q, n.right)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// helper function for t.depth
+func _calculate_depth(n *node, depth int) int {
+	if n == nil {
+		return depth
+	}
+	return max(_calculate_depth(n.left, depth+1), _calculate_depth(n.right, depth+1))
+}
+
+func (t *btree) depth() int {
+	return _calculate_depth(t.root, 0)
+}
+
+/*
+func main() {
+	t := btree{nil}
+	t.root = newNode(0)
+	t.root.left = newNode(1)
+	t.root.right = newNode(2)
+	t.root.left.left = newNode(3)
+	t.root.left.right = newNode(4)
+	t.root.right.left = newNode(5)
+	t.root.right.right = newNode(6)
+	t.root.right.right.right = newNode(10)
+
+	inorder(t.root)
+	fmt.Print("\n")
+	preorder(t.root)
+	fmt.Print("\n")
+	postorder(t.root)
+	fmt.Print("\n")
+	levelorder(t.root)
+	fmt.Print("\n")
+	fmt.Print(t.depth(), "\n")
+}
+*/