fix: add proper timeout error; improve backoff logic on replication recovery

[filipecabaco]

What kind of change does this PR introduce?

• Properly log out the timeout error on replication connection
• Improve backoff policy to include exponential backoff to provide more time to db instance to recover

[blacksmith-sh]

Found 1 test failure on Blacksmith runners:

Failure

Test

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test WAL bloat handling track PID changes during WAL bloat creation (Realtime.Integrati on.RtChannelTest) › Parameters: %{serializer: RealtimeWeb.Socket.V2Serializer} › test/ integration/ rt_channel_test.exs:2301 › ** (MatchError) no match of right hand side value: %Postgrex .Result{command: :select, columns: ["active_pid"], rows: [], num_rows: 0, connection_id : 722, messages: []} › code: %{rows: [[new_db_pid]]} = Postgrex.query!(db_conn, active_ slot_query, [])/stacktrace

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[edgurgel]

LGTM