constraint pydantic to <2.4

Similar to apache#8647, I think we would need version 2.4 constraint here on the overall project's dependencies.

When pip installing pyiceberg 0.5.0 without version constraints, we see the following error on load_catalog function call:

```
KeyError                                  Traceback (most recent call last)
/tmp/ipykernel_252/2476882581.py in <cell line: 1>()
----> 1 from pyiceberg.catalog import load_catalog
      2 
      3 catalog = load_catalog("lacus")

/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pyiceberg/catalog/__init__.py in <module>
     40 from pyiceberg.partitioning import UNPARTITIONED_PARTITION_SPEC, PartitionSpec
     41 from pyiceberg.schema import Schema
---> 42 from pyiceberg.serializers import ToOutputFile
     43 from pyiceberg.table import (
     44     CommitTableRequest,

/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pyiceberg/serializers.py in <module>
     23 
     24 from pyiceberg.io import InputFile, InputStream, OutputFile
---> 25 from pyiceberg.table.metadata import TableMetadata, TableMetadataUtil
     26 
     27 GZIP = "gzip"

/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pyiceberg/table/__init__.py in <module>
     69     visit,
     70 )
---> 71 from pyiceberg.table.metadata import INITIAL_SEQUENCE_NUMBER, TableMetadata
     72 from pyiceberg.table.snapshots import Snapshot, SnapshotLogEntry
     73 from pyiceberg.table.sorting import SortOrder

/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pyiceberg/table/metadata.py in <module>
    344 
    345 
--> 346 class TableMetadataV2(TableMetadataCommonFields, IcebergBaseModel):
    347     """Represents version 2 of the Table Metadata.
    348 

/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pydantic/_internal/_model_construction.py in __new__(mcs, cls_name, bases, namespace, __pydantic_generic_metadata__, __pydantic_reset_parent_namespace__, **kwargs)
    182             types_namespace = get_cls_types_namespace(cls, parent_namespace)
    183             set_model_fields(cls, bases, config_wrapper, types_namespace)
--> 184             complete_model_class(
    185                 cls,
    186                 cls_name,

/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pydantic/_internal/_model_construction.py in complete_model_class(cls, cls_name, config_wrapper, raise_errors, types_namespace)
    493         return False
    494 
--> 495     schema = apply_discriminators(simplify_schema_references(schema))
    496 
    497     # debug(schema)
    
/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pydantic/_internal/_core_utils.py in simplify_schema_references(schema)
    517         return s
    518 
--> 519     schema = walk_core_schema(schema, count_refs)
    520 
    521     assert all(c == 0 for c in state['current_recursion_ref_count'].values()), 'this is a bug! please report it'

/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pydantic/_internal/_core_utils.py in walk_core_schema(schema, f)
    437         core_schema.CoreSchema: A processed CoreSchema.
    438     """
--> 439     return f(schema, _dispatch)
    440 
    441 

/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pydantic/_internal/_core_utils.py in count_refs(s, recurse)
    513 
    514         state['current_recursion_ref_count'][ref] += 1
--> 515         recurse(state['definitions'][ref], count_refs)
    516         state['current_recursion_ref_count'][ref] -= 1
    517         return s

/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pydantic/_internal/_core_utils.py in walk(self, schema, f)
    213 
    214     def walk(self, schema: core_schema.CoreSchema, f: Walk) -> core_schema.CoreSchema:
--> 215         return f(schema, self._walk)
    216 
    217     def _walk(self, schema: core_schema.CoreSchema, f: Walk) -> core_schema.CoreSchema:

/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pydantic/_internal/_core_utils.py in count_refs(s, recurse)
    501 
    502         if s['type'] != 'definition-ref':
--> 503             return recurse(s, count_refs)
    504         ref = s['schema_ref']
    505         state['ref_counts'][ref] += 1
...
...
...
/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pydantic/_internal/_core_utils.py in walk(self, schema, f)
    213 
    214     def walk(self, schema: core_schema.CoreSchema, f: Walk) -> core_schema.CoreSchema:
--> 215         return f(schema, self._walk)
    216 
    217     def _walk(self, schema: core_schema.CoreSchema, f: Walk) -> core_schema.CoreSchema:

/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pydantic/_internal/_core_utils.py in count_refs(s, recurse)
    513 
    514         state['current_recursion_ref_count'][ref] += 1
--> 515         recurse(state['definitions'][ref], count_refs)
    516         state['current_recursion_ref_count'][ref] -= 1
    517         return s

KeyError: 'pyiceberg.types.NestedField:43624544'
```

python/pyproject.toml

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ requests = ">=2.20.0,<3.0.0"
 click = ">=7.1.1,<9.0.0"
 rich = ">=10.11.0,<14.0.0"
 strictyaml = ">=1.7.0,<2.0.0" # CVE-2020-14343 was fixed in 5.4.
-pydantic = ">=2.0,<3.0"
+pydantic = ">=2.0,<2.4" # 2.4 release breaks model construction
 sortedcontainers = "2.4.0"
 fsspec = ">=2023.1.0,<2024.1.0"
 pyparsing = ">=3.1.0,<4.0.0"