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Hindi auxiliaries.
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dan-zeman committed May 1, 2019
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### Tags

* Hindi uses all 17 universal POS categories, including particles ([PART]()).
* Hindi has the following auxiliary verbs ([AUX]()):
* Hindi has the following auxiliary verbs ([AUX]()): <!-- In Hindi by Rupert Snell, see also Appendix 7 on pages 258, 259. -->
* है _hai_ and था _thā_ are present and past equivalents of “to be”.
They are used as copulas and in periphrastic tenses.
* रह _raha_ (“to stay”) for the progressive aspect (with the stem of the main verb and the auxiliary ह/था).
* कर _kara_ (“to do”) for the habitual aspect (with the perfective participle of the main verb).
* जा __ (“to go”) for the passive (with the perfective participle of the main verb).
* Modal auxiliaries:
* सक _saka_ (“be able, can”) <!-- Page 153. -->
* पा __ (“to manage”) <!-- Page 153. -->
* चाहिए _cāhie_ (“needed, should, ought to”) <!-- Page 91, 164. -->
* हो _ho_ (“to have to”) <!-- Page 165. -->
* पड़ _paṛa_ (“must”) <!-- Pages 165, 166. -->
* Phase verbs:
* लग _laga_ (“to start”) <!-- Page 171 is mostly about other meaning, to strike, to like. -->
* चुक _cuka_ (“to finish”) <!-- Page 153. -->
* The current data treats as auxiliaries also some verbs that regularly appear in compound verbs
as the semantically less salient element. Since compound verbs are not periphrastic tense/aspect/voice
forms, these verbs do not fit well in the UD definition of auxiliaries, and they should be given
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* जा __ (“to go”) (note that this verb can also be used as real auxiliary in passives)
* ले _le_ (“to take”)
* दे _de_ (“to give”)
* डाल _ḍāla_ (“to throw”) <!-- The second batch of compound verbs is described on pages 220–222. To throw gives a sense of vigorousness. -->
* पड़ _paṛa_ (“to fall”) (note that this verb can also be used as modal “must”) <!-- Adds a sense of suddenness or change of state. -->
*_ā_ (“to come”)

### Features

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