Merge tag 'docs-6.12' of git://git.lwn.net/linux

Pull documentation update from Jonathan Corbet:
 "Another relatively mundane cycle for docs:

   - The beginning of an EEVDF scheduler document

   - More Chinese translations

   - A rethrashing of our bisection documentation

  ...plus the usual array of smaller fixes, and more than the usual
  number of typo fixes"

* tag 'docs-6.12' of git://git.lwn.net/linux: (48 commits)
  Remove duplicate "and" in 'Linux NVMe docs.
  docs:filesystems: fix spelling and grammar mistakes
  docs:filesystem: fix mispelled words on autofs page
  docs:mm: fixed spelling and grammar mistakes on vmalloc kernel stack page
  Documentation: PCI: fix typo in pci.rst
  docs/zh_CN: add the translation of kbuild/gcc-plugins.rst
  docs/process: fix typos
  docs:mm: fix spelling mistakes in heterogeneous memory management page
  accel/qaic: Fix a typo
  docs/zh_CN: update the translation of security-bugs
  docs: block: Fix grammar and spelling mistakes in bfq-iosched.rst
  Documentation: Fix spelling mistakes
  Documentation/gpu: Fix typo in Documentation/gpu/komeda-kms.rst
  scripts: sphinx-pre-install: remove unnecessary double check for $cur_version
  Loongarch: KVM: Add KVM hypercalls documentation for LoongArch
  Documentation: Document the kernel flag bdev_allow_write_mounted
  docs: scheduler: completion: Update member of struct completion
  docs: kerneldoc-preamble.sty: Suppress extra spaces in CJK literal blocks
  docs: submitting-patches: Advertise b4
  docs: update dev-tools/kcsan.rst url about KTSAN
  ...

Documentation/PCI/pci.rst

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ driver generally needs to perform the following initialization:
   - Enable DMA/processing engines
 
 When done using the device, and perhaps the module needs to be unloaded,
-the driver needs to take the follow steps:
+the driver needs to take the following steps:
 
   - Disable the device from generating IRQs
   - Release the IRQ (free_irq())

Documentation/accel/qaic/qaic.rst

@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ commands (does not impact QAIC).
 uAPI
 ====
 
-QAIC creates an accel device per phsyical PCIe device. This accel device exists
+QAIC creates an accel device per physical PCIe device. This accel device exists
 for as long as the PCIe device is known to Linux.
 
 The PCIe device may not be in the state to accept requests from userspace at

Documentation/admin-guide/bug-bisect.rst

@@ -1,76 +1,144 @@
-Bisecting a bug
-+++++++++++++++
+.. SPDX-License-Identifier: (GPL-2.0+ OR CC-BY-4.0)
+.. [see the bottom of this file for redistribution information]
 
-Last updated: 28 October 2016
+======================
+Bisecting a regression
+======================
 
-Introduction
-============
+This document describes how to use a ``git bisect`` to find the source code
+change that broke something -- for example when some functionality stopped
+working after upgrading from Linux 6.0 to 6.1.
 
-Always try the latest kernel from kernel.org and build from source. If you are
-not confident in doing that please report the bug to your distribution vendor
-instead of to a kernel developer.
+The text focuses on the gist of the process. If you are new to bisecting the
+kernel, better follow Documentation/admin-guide/verify-bugs-and-bisect-regressions.rst
+instead: it depicts everything from start to finish while covering multiple
+aspects even kernel developers occasionally forget. This includes detecting
+situations early where a bisection would be a waste of time, as nobody would
+care about the result -- for example, because the problem happens after the
+kernel marked itself as 'tainted', occurs in an abandoned version, was already
+fixed, or is caused by a .config change you or your Linux distributor performed.
 
-Finding bugs is not always easy. Have a go though. If you can't find it don't
-give up. Report as much as you have found to the relevant maintainer. See
-MAINTAINERS for who that is for the subsystem you have worked on.
+Finding the change causing a kernel issue using a bisection
+===========================================================
 
-Before you submit a bug report read
-'Documentation/admin-guide/reporting-issues.rst'.
+*Note: the following process assumes you prepared everything for a bisection.
+This includes having a Git clone with the appropriate sources, installing the
+software required to build and install kernels, as well as a .config file stored
+in a safe place (the following example assumes '~/prepared_kernel_.config') to
+use as pristine base at each bisection step; ideally, you have also worked out
+a fully reliable and straight-forward way to reproduce the regression, too.*
 
-Devices not appearing
-=====================
-
-Often this is caused by udev/systemd. Check that first before blaming it
-on the kernel.
-
-Finding patch that caused a bug
-===============================
-
-Using the provided tools with ``git`` makes finding bugs easy provided the bug
-is reproducible.
-
-Steps to do it:
-
-- build the Kernel from its git source
-- start bisect with [#f1]_::
-
-	$ git bisect start
-
-- mark the broken changeset with::
-
-	$ git bisect bad [commit]
-
-- mark a changeset where the code is known to work with::
-
-	$ git bisect good [commit]
-
-- rebuild the Kernel and test
-- interact with git bisect by using either::
-
-	$ git bisect good
-
-  or::
-
-	$ git bisect bad
-
-  depending if the bug happened on the changeset you're testing
-- After some interactions, git bisect will give you the changeset that
-  likely caused the bug.
-
-- For example, if you know that the current version is bad, and version
-  4.8 is good, you could do::
-
-           $ git bisect start
-           $ git bisect bad                 # Current version is bad
-           $ git bisect good v4.8
-
-
-.. [#f1] You can, optionally, provide both good and bad arguments at git
-	 start with ``git bisect start [BAD] [GOOD]``
-
-For further references, please read:
-
-- The man page for ``git-bisect``
-- `Fighting regressions with git bisect <https://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/git-bisect-lk2009.html>`_
-- `Fully automated bisecting with "git bisect run" <https://lwn.net/Articles/317154>`_
-- `Using Git bisect to figure out when brokenness was introduced <http://webchick.net/node/99>`_
+* Preparation: start the bisection and tell Git about the points in the history
+  you consider to be working and broken, which Git calls 'good' and 'bad'::
+
+     git bisect start
+     git bisect good v6.0
+     git bisect bad v6.1
+
+  Instead of Git tags like 'v6.0' and 'v6.1' you can specify commit-ids, too.
+
+1. Copy your prepared .config into the build directory and adjust it to the
+   needs of the codebase Git checked out for testing::
+
+     cp ~/prepared_kernel_.config .config
+     make olddefconfig
+
+2. Now build, install, and boot a kernel. This might fail for unrelated reasons,
+   for example, when a compile error happens at the current stage of the
+   bisection a later change resolves. In such cases run ``git bisect skip`` and
+   go back to step 1.
+
+3. Check if the functionality that regressed works in the kernel you just built.
+
+   If it works, execute::
+
+     git bisect good
+
+   If it is broken, run::
+
+     git bisect bad
+
+   Note, getting this wrong just once will send the rest of the bisection
+   totally off course. To prevent having to start anew later you thus want to
+   ensure what you tell Git is correct; it is thus often wise to spend a few
+   minutes more on testing in case your reproducer is unreliable.
+
+   After issuing one of these two commands, Git will usually check out another
+   bisection point and print something like 'Bisecting: 675 revisions left to
+   test after this (roughly 10 steps)'. In that case go back to step 1.
+
+   If Git instead prints something like 'cafecaca0c0dacafecaca0c0dacafecaca0c0da
+   is the first bad commit', then you have finished the bisection. In that case
+   move to the next point below. Note, right after displaying that line Git will
+   show some details about the culprit including its patch description; this can
+   easily fill your terminal, so you might need to scroll up to see the message
+   mentioning the culprit's commit-id.
+
+   In case you missed Git's output, you can always run ``git bisect log`` to
+   print the status: it will show how many steps remain or mention the result of
+   the bisection.
+
+* Recommended complementary task: put the bisection log and the current .config
+  file aside for the bug report; furthermore tell Git to reset the sources to
+  the state before the bisection::
+
+     git bisect log > ~/bisection-log
+     cp .config ~/bisection-config-culprit
+     git bisect reset
+
+* Recommended optional task: try reverting the culprit on top of the latest
+  codebase and check if that fixes your bug; if that is the case, it validates
+  the bisection and enables developers to resolve the regression through a
+  revert.
+
+  To try this, update your clone and check out latest mainline. Then tell Git
+  to revert the change by specifying its commit-id::
+
+     git revert --no-edit cafec0cacaca0
+
+  Git might reject this, for example when the bisection landed on a merge
+  commit. In that case, abandon the attempt. Do the same, if Git fails to revert
+  the culprit on its own because later changes depend on it -- at least unless
+  you bisected a stable or longterm kernel series, in which case you want to
+  check out its latest codebase and try a revert there.
+
+  If a revert succeeds, build and test another kernel to check if reverting
+  resolved your regression.
+
+With that the process is complete. Now report the regression as described by
+Documentation/admin-guide/reporting-issues.rst.
+
+
+Additional reading material
+---------------------------
+
+* The `man page for 'git bisect' <https://git-scm.com/docs/git-bisect>`_ and
+  `fighting regressions with 'git bisect' <https://git-scm.com/docs/git-bisect-lk2009.html>`_
+  in the Git documentation.
+* `Working with git bisect <https://nathanchance.dev/posts/working-with-git-bisect/>`_
+  from kernel developer Nathan Chancellor.
+* `Using Git bisect to figure out when brokenness was introduced <http://webchick.net/node/99>`_.
+* `Fully automated bisecting with 'git bisect run' <https://lwn.net/Articles/317154>`_.
+
+..
+   end-of-content
+..
+   This document is maintained by Thorsten Leemhuis <linux@leemhuis.info>. If
+   you spot a typo or small mistake, feel free to let him know directly and
+   he'll fix it. You are free to do the same in a mostly informal way if you
+   want to contribute changes to the text -- but for copyright reasons please CC
+   linux-doc@vger.kernel.org and 'sign-off' your contribution as
+   Documentation/process/submitting-patches.rst explains in the section 'Sign
+   your work - the Developer's Certificate of Origin'.
+..
+   This text is available under GPL-2.0+ or CC-BY-4.0, as stated at the top
+   of the file. If you want to distribute this text under CC-BY-4.0 only,
+   please use 'The Linux kernel development community' for author attribution
+   and link this as source:
+   https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/plain/Documentation/admin-guide/bug-bisect.rst
+
+..
+   Note: Only the content of this RST file as found in the Linux kernel sources
+   is available under CC-BY-4.0, as versions of this text that were processed
+   (for example by the kernel's build system) might contain content taken from
+   files which use a more restrictive license.

Documentation/admin-guide/bug-hunting.rst

@@ -244,14 +244,14 @@ Reporting the bug
 Once you find where the bug happened, by inspecting its location,
 you could either try to fix it yourself or report it upstream.
 
-In order to report it upstream, you should identify the mailing list
-used for the development of the affected code. This can be done by using
-the ``get_maintainer.pl`` script.
+In order to report it upstream, you should identify the bug tracker, if any, or
+mailing list used for the development of the affected code. This can be done by
+using the ``get_maintainer.pl`` script.
 
 For example, if you find a bug at the gspca's sonixj.c file, you can get
 its maintainers with::
 
-	$ ./scripts/get_maintainer.pl -f drivers/media/usb/gspca/sonixj.c
+	$ ./scripts/get_maintainer.pl --bug -f drivers/media/usb/gspca/sonixj.c
 	Hans Verkuil <hverkuil@xs4all.nl> (odd fixer:GSPCA USB WEBCAM DRIVER,commit_signer:1/1=100%)
 	Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@kernel.org> (maintainer:MEDIA INPUT INFRASTRUCTURE (V4L/DVB),commit_signer:1/1=100%)
 	Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> (commit_signer:1/1=100%)
@@ -267,11 +267,12 @@ Please notice that it will point to:
 - The driver maintainer (Hans Verkuil);
 - The subsystem maintainer (Mauro Carvalho Chehab);
 - The driver and/or subsystem mailing list (linux-media@vger.kernel.org);
-- the Linux Kernel mailing list (linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org).
+- The Linux Kernel mailing list (linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org);
+- The bug reporting URIs for the driver/subsystem (none in the above example).
 
-Usually, the fastest way to have your bug fixed is to report it to mailing
-list used for the development of the code (linux-media ML) copying the
-driver maintainer (Hans).
+If the listing contains bug reporting URIs at the end, please prefer them over
+email. Otherwise, please report bugs to the mailing list used for the
+development of the code (linux-media ML) copying the driver maintainer (Hans).
 
 If you are totally stumped as to whom to send the report, and
 ``get_maintainer.pl`` didn't provide you anything useful, send it to

Documentation/admin-guide/device-mapper/dm-crypt.rst

@@ -162,13 +162,18 @@ iv_large_sectors
 
 
 Module parameters::
-
    max_read_size
+      Maximum size of read requests. When a request larger than this size
+      is received, dm-crypt will split the request. The splitting improves
+      concurrency (the split requests could be encrypted in parallel by multiple
+      cores), but it also causes overhead. The user should tune this parameters to
+      fit the actual workload.
+
    max_write_size
-      Maximum size of read or write requests. When a request larger than this size
+      Maximum size of write requests. When a request larger than this size
       is received, dm-crypt will split the request. The splitting improves
       concurrency (the split requests could be encrypted in parallel by multiple
-      cores), but it also causes overhead. The user should tune these parameters to
+      cores), but it also causes overhead. The user should tune this parameters to
       fit the actual workload.
 
 

Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt

@@ -517,6 +517,18 @@
 			Format: <io>,<irq>,<mode>
 			See header of drivers/net/hamradio/baycom_ser_hdx.c.
 
+	bdev_allow_write_mounted=
+			Format: <bool>
+			Control the ability to open a mounted block device
+			for writing, i.e., allow / disallow writes that bypass
+			the FS. This was implemented as a means to prevent
+			fuzzers from crashing the kernel by overwriting the
+			metadata underneath a mounted FS without its awareness.
+			This also prevents destructive formatting of mounted
+			filesystems by naive storage tooling that don't use
+			O_EXCL. Default is Y and can be changed through the
+			Kconfig option CONFIG_BLK_DEV_WRITE_MOUNTED.
+
 	bert_disable	[ACPI]
 			Disable BERT OS support on buggy BIOSes.
 

Documentation/admin-guide/tainted-kernels.rst

@@ -182,3 +182,5 @@ More detailed explanation for tainting
      produce extremely unusual kernel structure layouts (even performance
      pathological ones), which is important to know when debugging. Set at
      build time.
+
+ 18) ``N`` if an in-kernel test, such as a KUnit test, has been run.

Documentation/arch/arm/stm32/stm32-dma-mdma-chaining.rst

@@ -359,7 +359,7 @@ Driver updates for STM32 DMA-MDMA chaining support in foo driver
     descriptor you want a callback to be called at the end of the transfer
     (dmaengine_prep_slave_sg()) or the period (dmaengine_prep_dma_cyclic()).
     Depending on the direction, set the callback on the descriptor that finishes
-    the overal transfer:
+    the overall transfer:
 
     * DMA_DEV_TO_MEM: set the callback on the "MDMA" descriptor
     * DMA_MEM_TO_DEV: set the callback on the "DMA" descriptor
@@ -371,7 +371,7 @@ Driver updates for STM32 DMA-MDMA chaining support in foo driver
   As STM32 MDMA channel transfer is triggered by STM32 DMA, you must issue
   STM32 MDMA channel before STM32 DMA channel.
 
-  If any, your callback will be called to warn you about the end of the overal
+  If any, your callback will be called to warn you about the end of the overall
   transfer or the period completion.
 
   Don't forget to terminate both channels. STM32 DMA channel is configured in

Documentation/arch/arm64/cpu-hotplug.rst

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ There are no systems that support the physical addition (or removal) of CPUs
 while the system is running, and ACPI is not able to sufficiently describe
 them.
 
-e.g. New CPUs come with new caches, but the platform's cache toplogy is
+e.g. New CPUs come with new caches, but the platform's cache topology is
 described in a static table, the PPTT. How caches are shared between CPUs is
 not discoverable, and must be described by firmware.
 

Documentation/arch/powerpc/ultravisor.rst

@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ Hardware
 
       * PTCR and partition table entries (partition table is in secure
         memory). An attempt to write to PTCR will cause a Hypervisor
-        Emulation Assitance interrupt.
+        Emulation Assistance interrupt.
 
       * LDBAR (LD Base Address Register) and IMC (In-Memory Collection)
         non-architected registers. An attempt to write to them will cause a

Documentation/arch/riscv/vector.rst

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ status for the use of Vector in userspace. The intended usage guideline for
 these interfaces is to give init systems a way to modify the availability of V
 for processes running under its domain. Calling these interfaces is not
 recommended in libraries routines because libraries should not override policies
-configured from the parant process. Also, users must noted that these interfaces
+configured from the parent process. Also, users must note that these interfaces
 are not portable to non-Linux, nor non-RISC-V environments, so it is discourage
 to use in a portable code. To get the availability of V in an ELF program,
 please read :c:macro:`COMPAT_HWCAP_ISA_V` bit of :c:macro:`ELF_HWCAP` in the

Documentation/arch/x86/mds.rst

@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ Mitigation points
    3. It would take a large number of these precisely-timed NMIs to mount
       an actual attack.  There's presumably not enough bandwidth.
    4. The NMI in question occurs after a VERW, i.e. when user state is
-      restored and most interesting data is already scrubbed. Whats left
+      restored and most interesting data is already scrubbed. What's left
       is only the data that NMI touches, and that may or may not be of
       any interest.
 

Documentation/arch/x86/x86_64/fsgs.rst

@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ FSGSBASE instructions enablement
 FSGSBASE instructions compiler support
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
-GCC version 4.6.4 and newer provide instrinsics for the FSGSBASE
+GCC version 4.6.4 and newer provide intrinsics for the FSGSBASE
 instructions. Clang 5 supports them as well.
 
   =================== ===========================
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ instructions. Clang 5 supports them as well.
   _writegsbase_u64()  Write the GS base register
   =================== ===========================
 
-To utilize these instrinsics <immintrin.h> must be included in the source
+To utilize these intrinsics <immintrin.h> must be included in the source
 code and the compiler option -mfsgsbase has to be added.
 
 Compiler support for FS/GS based addressing