chore(nifi): Update container image to 1.28.1 and 2.2.0 ahead of Stackable Release 25.3.0

[sbernauer]

Part of #964.

• Add: 1.28.1, 2.2.0
• Remove: 2.0.0

Tip

Please add the scheduled-for/2025-03 label, and add to the Stackable Engineering project.

### Update tasks
- [x] Update `versions.py` to reflect the agreed upon versions in the spreadsheet (including the removal of old versions).
- [x] Upload new version (see `nifi/upload_new_nifi_version.sh`).
- [x] Update `versions.py` to the latest supported version of JVM (base and devel).
- [x] Update other dependencies if applicable (eg: jmx_exporter, kcat, scala, etc).
- [x] Check other operators (getting_started / kuttl) for usage of the versions. Add the PR(s) to the list below.
- [x] Update the version in demos. Add the PR(s) to the list below.

### Related Pull Requests
- [ ] https://github.com/stackabletech/docker-images/pull/1006
- [ ] https://github.com/stackabletech/nifi-operator/pull/754
- [ ] https://github.com/stackabletech/nifi-operator/pull/762
- [x] ~_Link to any other operator PRs (getting_started / kuttl)_~ No other operators have NifiCluster resources
- [ ] https://github.com/stackabletech/demos/pull/154
- [ ] https://github.com/stackabletech/documentation/pull/711
- [ ] https://github.com/stackabletech/documentation/pull/718

Tip

Delete any items that do not apply so that all applicable items can be checked.
For example, if you add release notes to the documentation repository, you do not need the latter two criteria.

This list should be completed by the assignee(s), once respective PRs have been merged. Once all items have been checked, the issue can be moved into Development: Done.

### Acceptance
- [x] Can build image (either locally, or in CI)
- [x] Kuttl smoke tests passes (either locally, or in CI)
- [x] ~Applicable `release-note` label added to this issue~ Nothing worth mentioning

Testing instructions

# See the latest version at https://pypi.org/project/image-tools-stackabletech/
pip install image-tools-stackabletech==0.0.13

bake --product nifi=x.y.z # where x.y.z is the new version added in this PR

kind load docker-image docker.stackable.tech/stackable/nifi:x.y.z-stackable0.0.0-dev

# Change directory into the nifi-operator repository and update the
# product version in tests/test-definition.yaml
./scripts/run-tests --test-suite smoke-latest # or similar

Please consider updating this template if these instructions are wrong, or
could be made clearer.