[v24.3.x] Rust 'wasm32-wasi' target renamed to 'wasm32-wasip1' fails to build due to unknown target

Backport https://github.com/redpanda-data/redpanda/issues/25509 to branch v24.3.x. Requested by PR https://github.com/redpanda-data/redpanda/pull/25510

JIRA Link: [CORE-9580](https://redpandadata.atlassian.net/browse/CORE-9580)