use ruff instead of `black` / `flake8` / `isort` across RAPIDS

[jameslamb]

Description

ruff is a fast, actively-maintained static analysis tool that implements a TON of linting rules, including those from isort, flake8, and 20+ flake8-* extensions.

ref: https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/#legend

ruff-format can also perform auto-formatting of Python code, similar to black.

Every RAPIDS repo should use ruff, and stop using black, isort and flake8.

Benefits of this work

• reduces the effort to add support for new Python versions: Update flake8 to fix false positive with Python 3.12 #101 (comment)
• expands the space of what can be caught by static analysis
  • list of rules: https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/rules/#legend
  • example: Enable Ruff's NumPy rules #103
• allows for more consolidation of configuration into pyproject.toml files, by allowing removal of .flake8 / setup.cfg across repos
  • ref: remove versioneer and setup.cfg references in docs, update rapids-dependency-file-generator cuspatial#1509 (comment)
• allows for linting to extend to Python code in IPython notebook files (.ipynb) without needing to involve additional libraries like nbQA (example: enforce ruff checks on Python code in notebooks (fixes #333) deployment#370)

Acceptance Criteria

• ruff is used in all RAPIDS repos
• black is not used directly in any RAPIDS repos
• flake8 is not used directly in any RAPIDS repos
• isort is not used directly in any RAPIDS repos
• all ruff configuration is stored in pyproject.toml files

Notes

Motivating discussions:

• Enable Ruff's NumPy rules #103 (comment)
• Enable Ruff's NumPy rules #103 (comment)
• remove versioneer and setup.cfg references in docs, update rapids-dependency-file-generator cuspatial#1509 (comment)

Approach

These updates can be done in any order, since they're self-contained to individual repos.
When porting configuration to ruff, try to match the project's existing style preferences to minimize style-related changes.

Updates

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1. cucim
2. cudf
3. cugraph
4. cugraph-docs
5. cugraph-gnn
6. cugraph-ops
7. cuml
8. cuopt
9. cuspatial
10. cuvs
11. cuxfilter
12. dask-cuda
13. dependency-file-generator
14. jupyterlab-nvdashboard
15. kvikio
16. legate-boost
17. legate-dataframe
18. legate-raft
19. nx-cugraph
20. pre-commit-hooks
21. private repos
22. pynvjitlink
23. raft
24. rmm
25. ucx-py
26. ucxx
27. wholegraph

[vyasr]

Be aware that some repositories may value isort's sorting of Cython files, which ruff does not yet do (see discussion in astral-sh/ruff#1079 and astral-sh/ruff#10250). We chose to accept this in cudf, see rapidsai/cudf#14882 (comment).

[jameslamb]

Thanks for that note and for the ruff links! @bdice mentioned that as well in rapidsai/cuspatial#1509 (comment)