AVIF, FIT, FITS, and QOI formats not included in Nuitka build

[CTimmerman]

What did you do?

Compile my image viewer using Nuitka.

What did you expect to happen?

Support the same number of formats as when running uncompiled.

What actually happened?

4 formats missing from read and write support: AVIF, FIT, FITS, and QOI

Fortunately that can be fixed by including unused imports in main.py, but why don't the other plugins need that?

What are your OS, Python and Pillow versions?

• OS: Windows 11
• Python: 3.13
• Pillow: 12.1.0

python -m PIL.report  # python3 is the system one; different version!
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Pillow 12.1.0
Python 3.13.12 (tags/v3.13.12:1cbe481, Feb  3 2026, 18:22:25) [MSC v.1944 64 bit (AMD64)]
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Python executable is D:\code\image viewer\tk_image_viewer\venv\Scripts\python.exe
Environment Python files loaded from D:\code\image viewer\tk_image_viewer\venv
System Python files loaded from C:\Users\C\AppData\Local\Python\pythoncore-3.13-64
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Python Pillow modules loaded from D:\code\image viewer\tk_image_viewer\venv\Lib\site-packages\PIL
Binary Pillow modules loaded from D:\code\image viewer\tk_image_viewer\venv\Lib\site-packages\PIL
--------------------------------------------------------------------
--- PIL CORE support ok, compiled for 12.1.0
--- TKINTER support ok, loaded 8.6
--- FREETYPE2 support ok, loaded 2.14.1
--- LITTLECMS2 support ok, loaded 2.17
--- WEBP support ok, loaded 1.6.0
--- AVIF support ok, loaded 1.3.0
--- JPEG support ok, compiled for libjpeg-turbo 3.1.3
--- OPENJPEG (JPEG2000) support ok, loaded 2.5.4
--- ZLIB (PNG/ZIP) support ok, loaded 1.3.1.zlib-ng, compiled for zlib-ng 2.3.2
--- LIBTIFF support ok, loaded 4.7.1
--- RAQM (Bidirectional Text) support ok, loaded 0.10.3, fribidi 1.0.13, harfbuzz 12.3.0
*** LIBIMAGEQUANT (Quantization method) support not installed
*** XCB (X protocol) support not installed
--------------------------------------------------------------------

See https://github.com/CTimmerman/tk_image_viewer (update && compile.bat) and note the difference in debug log supported format lists.

[CTimmerman]

As those are pretty new, it's probably Nuitka 4.0rc9 not having updated a list of PIL imports, but as there's a workaround I don't feel like testing Nuitka's latest source right now.

[hugovk]

Problems with Nuitka builds should be reported directly to them. We have no control over what they do.

[CTimmerman]

Yeah, sorry. I was still in the inconsistent plugins mood.

[CTimmerman]

Except it turned out to be caused by a missing Image.init() according to my testcase:

# SSCCE for https://github.com/Nuitka/Nuitka/issues for missing Pillow plugins

from PIL import Image

Image.init()  # Loads all drivers.
print(Image.EXTENSION)
# {'.avif': 'AVIF', '.avifs': 'AVIF', '.blp': 'BLP', '.bmp': 'BMP', '.dib': 'DIB', '.bufr': 'BUFR', '.cur': 'CUR', '.pcx': 'PCX', '.dcx': 'DCX', '.dds': 'DDS', '.ps': 'EPS', '.eps': 'EPS', '.fit': 'FITS', '.fits': 'FITS', '.fli': 'FLI', '.flc': 'FLI', '.ftc': 'FTEX', '.ftu': 'FTEX', '.gbr': 'GBR', '.gif': 'GIF', '.grib': 'GRIB', '.h5': 'HDF5', '.hdf': 'HDF5', '.png': 'PNG', '.apng': 'PNG', '.jp2': 'JPEG2000', '.j2k': 'JPEG2000', '.jpc': 'JPEG2000', '.jpf': 'JPEG2000', '.jpx': 'JPEG2000', '.j2c': 'JPEG2000', '.icns': 'ICNS', '.ico': 'ICO', '.im': 'IM', '.iim': 'IPTC', '.jfif': 'JPEG', '.jpe': 'JPEG', '.jpg': 'JPEG', '.jpeg': 'JPEG', '.mpg': 'MPEG', '.mpeg': 'MPEG', '.tif': 'TIFF', '.tiff': 'TIFF', '.mpo': 'MPO', '.msp': 'MSP', '.palm': 'PALM', '.pcd': 'PCD', '.pdf': 'PDF', '.pxr': 'PIXAR', '.pbm': 'PPM', '.pgm': 'PPM', '.ppm': 'PPM', '.pnm': 'PPM', '.pfm': 'PPM', '.psd': 'PSD', '.qoi': 'QOI', '.bw': 'SGI', '.rgb': 'SGI', '.rgba': 'SGI', '.sgi': 'SGI', '.ras': 'SUN', '.tga': 'TGA', '.icb': 'TGA', '.vda': 'TGA', '.vst': 'TGA', '.webp': 'WEBP', '.wmf': 'WMF', '.emf': 'WMF', '.xbm': 'XBM', '.xpm': 'XPM'} from venv.
# From Nuitka's .exe:
# {'.avif': 'AVIF', '.avifs': 'AVIF', '.blp': 'BLP', '.bmp': 'BMP', '.dib': 'DIB', '.bufr': 'BUFR', '.cur': 'CUR', '.pcx': 'PCX', '.dcx': 'DCX', '.dds': 'DDS', '.ps': 'EPS', '.eps': 'EPS', '.fit': 'FITS', '.fits': 'FITS', '.fli': 'FLI', '.flc': 'FLI', '.ftc': 'FTEX', '.ftu': 'FTEX', '.gbr': 'GBR', '.gif': 'GIF', '.grib': 'GRIB', '.h5': 'HDF5', '.hdf': 'HDF5', '.png': 'PNG', '.apng': 'PNG', '.jp2': 'JPEG2000', '.j2k': 'JPEG2000', '.jpc': 'JPEG2000', '.jpf': 'JPEG2000', '.jpx': 'JPEG2000', '.j2c': 'JPEG2000', '.icns': 'ICNS', '.ico': 'ICO', '.im': 'IM', '.iim': 'IPTC', '.jfif': 'JPEG', '.jpe': 'JPEG', '.jpg': 'JPEG', '.jpeg': 'JPEG', '.mpg': 'MPEG', '.mpeg': 'MPEG', '.tif': 'TIFF', '.tiff': 'TIFF', '.mpo': 'MPO', '.msp': 'MSP', '.palm': 'PALM', '.pcd': 'PCD', '.pdf': 'PDF', '.pxr': 'PIXAR', '.pbm': 'PPM', '.pgm': 'PPM', '.ppm': 'PPM', '.pnm': 'PPM', '.pfm': 'PPM', '.psd': 'PSD', '.qoi': 'QOI', '.bw': 'SGI', '.rgb': 'SGI', '.rgba': 'SGI', '.sgi': 'SGI', '.ras': 'SUN', '.tga': 'TGA', '.icb': 'TGA', '.vda': 'TGA', '.vst': 'TGA', '.webp': 'WEBP', '.wmf': 'WMF', '.emf': 'WMF', '.xbm': 'XBM', '.xpm': 'XPM'}
# From Nuitka's .exe without using Image.init():
# {}

Strange then that JPEG etc. worked in my compiled image viewer, but not AVIF etc.