Add "in memory" backend

Closes #6

Still needs unit tests

Update memory_core.py

Add tests for memory core

@shaypal5 these are copied from the pickle tests, the only one failing is test_memory_being_calculated. I could use your help with the implementation of the relevant function becuase I don't think I understand the threading part

cachier/core.py

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 
 from .pickle_core import _PickleCore
 from .mongo_core import _MongoCore, RecalculationNeeded
+from .memory_core import _MemoryCore
 
 
 MAX_WORKERS_ENVAR_NAME = 'CACHIER_MAX_WORKERS'
@@ -157,10 +158,7 @@ def cachier(
             raise MissingMongetter('must specify ``mongetter`` when using the mongo core')
         core = _MongoCore(mongetter, stale_after, next_time, wait_for_calc_timeout)
     elif backend == 'memory':
-        raise NotImplementedError(
-            'An in-memory backend has not yet been implemented. '
-            'Please see https://github.com/shaypal5/cachier/issues/6'
-        )
+        core = _MemoryCore(stale_after=stale_after, next_time=next_time)
     elif backend == 'redis':
         raise NotImplementedError(
             'A Redis backend has not yet been implemented. '

cachier/memory_core.py

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+"""A memory-based caching core for cachier."""
+
+from collections import defaultdict
+from datetime import datetime
+
+from .base_core import _BaseCore
+
+
+class _MemoryCore(_BaseCore):
+    """The pickle core class for cachier.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    stale_after : datetime.timedelta, optional
+        See :class:`_BaseCore` documentation.
+    next_time : bool, optional
+        See :class:`_BaseCore` documentation.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, stale_after, next_time):
+        super().__init__(stale_after=stale_after, next_time=next_time)
+        self.cache = {}
+
+    def get_entry_by_key(self, key, reload=False):  # pylint: disable=W0221
+        return key, self.cache.get(key, None)
+
+    def get_entry(self, args, kwds, hash_params):
+        key = args + tuple(sorted(kwds.items())) if hash_params is None else hash_params(args, kwds)
+        return self.get_entry_by_key(key)
+
+    def set_entry(self, key, func_res):
+        self.cache[key] = {
+            'value': func_res,
+            'time': datetime.now(),
+            'stale': False,
+            'being_calculated': False,
+        }
+
+    def mark_entry_being_calculated(self, key):
+        try:
+            self.cache[key]['being_calculated'] = True
+        except KeyError:
+            self.cache[key] = {
+                'value': None,
+                'time': datetime.now(),
+                'stale': False,
+                'being_calculated': True,
+            }
+
+    def mark_entry_not_calculated(self, key):
+        try:
+            self.cache[key]['being_calculated'] = False
+        except KeyError:
+            pass  # that's ok, we don't need an entry in that case
+
+    def wait_on_entry_calc(self, key):
+        entry = self.cache[key]
+        # I don't think waiting is necessary for this one
+        # if not entry['being_calculated']:
+        return entry['value']
+
+    def clear_cache(self):
+        self.cache.clear()
+
+    def clear_being_calculated(self):
+        for value in self.cache.values():
+            value['being_calculated'] = False

tests/test_memory_core.py

@@ -0,0 +1,270 @@
+"""Test for the in-memory implementation of the  Cachier python package."""
+
+import hashlib
+import queue
+import threading
+from datetime import timedelta
+from random import random
+from time import sleep, time
+
+import pandas as pd
+
+from cachier import cachier
+
+
+@cachier(backend='memory', next_time=False)
+def _takes_5_seconds(arg_1, arg_2):
+    """Some function."""
+    sleep(5)
+    return 'arg_1:{}, arg_2:{}'.format(arg_1, arg_2)
+
+
+def test_memory_core():
+    """Basic memory core functionality."""
+    _takes_5_seconds.clear_cache()
+    _takes_5_seconds('a', 'b')
+    start = time()
+    _takes_5_seconds('a', 'b', verbose_cache=True)
+    end = time()
+    assert end - start < 1
+    _takes_5_seconds.clear_cache()
+
+
+SECONDS_IN_DELTA = 3
+DELTA = timedelta(seconds=SECONDS_IN_DELTA)
+
+
+@cachier(backend='memory', stale_after=DELTA, next_time=False)
+def _stale_after_seconds(arg_1, arg_2):
+    """Some function."""
+    return random()
+
+
+def test_stale_after():
+    """Testing the stale_after functionality."""
+    _stale_after_seconds.clear_cache()
+    val1 = _stale_after_seconds(1, 2)
+    val2 = _stale_after_seconds(1, 2)
+    val3 = _stale_after_seconds(1, 3)
+    assert val1 == val2
+    assert val1 != val3
+    sleep(3)
+    val4 = _stale_after_seconds(1, 2)
+    assert val4 != val1
+    _stale_after_seconds.clear_cache()
+
+
+@cachier(backend='memory', stale_after=DELTA, next_time=True)
+def _stale_after_next_time(arg_1, arg_2):
+    """Some function."""
+    return random()
+
+
+def test_stale_after_next_time():
+    """Testing the stale_after with next_time functionality."""
+    _stale_after_next_time.clear_cache()
+    val1 = _stale_after_next_time(1, 2)
+    val2 = _stale_after_next_time(1, 2)
+    val3 = _stale_after_next_time(1, 3)
+    assert val1 == val2
+    assert val1 != val3
+    sleep(SECONDS_IN_DELTA + 1)
+    val4 = _stale_after_next_time(1, 2)
+    assert val4 == val1
+    sleep(0.5)
+    val5 = _stale_after_next_time(1, 2)
+    assert val5 != val1
+    _stale_after_next_time.clear_cache()
+
+
+@cachier(backend='memory')
+def _random_num():
+    return random()
+
+
+@cachier(backend='memory')
+def _random_num_with_arg(a):
+    # print(a)
+    return random()
+
+
+def test_overwrite_cache():
+    """Tests that the overwrite feature works correctly."""
+    _random_num.clear_cache()
+    int1 = _random_num()
+    int2 = _random_num()
+    assert int2 == int1
+    int3 = _random_num(overwrite_cache=True)
+    assert int3 != int1
+    int4 = _random_num()
+    assert int4 == int3
+    _random_num.clear_cache()
+
+    _random_num_with_arg.clear_cache()
+    int1 = _random_num_with_arg('a')
+    int2 = _random_num_with_arg('a')
+    assert int2 == int1
+    int3 = _random_num_with_arg('a', overwrite_cache=True)
+    assert int3 != int1
+    int4 = _random_num_with_arg('a')
+    assert int4 == int3
+    _random_num_with_arg.clear_cache()
+
+
+def test_ignore_cache():
+    """Tests that the ignore_cache feature works correctly."""
+    _random_num.clear_cache()
+    int1 = _random_num()
+    int2 = _random_num()
+    assert int2 == int1
+    int3 = _random_num(ignore_cache=True)
+    assert int3 != int1
+    int4 = _random_num()
+    assert int4 != int3
+    assert int4 == int1
+    _random_num.clear_cache()
+
+    _random_num_with_arg.clear_cache()
+    int1 = _random_num_with_arg('a')
+    int2 = _random_num_with_arg('a')
+    assert int2 == int1
+    int3 = _random_num_with_arg('a', ignore_cache=True)
+    assert int3 != int1
+    int4 = _random_num_with_arg('a')
+    assert int4 != int3
+    assert int4 == int1
+    _random_num_with_arg.clear_cache()
+
+
+@cachier(backend='memory')
+def _takes_time(arg_1, arg_2):
+    """Some function."""
+    sleep(2)  # this has to be enough time for check_calculation to run twice
+    return random() + arg_1 + arg_2
+
+
+def _calls_takes_time(res_queue):
+    res = _takes_time(0.13, 0.02)
+    res_queue.put(res)
+
+
+def test_memory_being_calculated():
+    """Testing memory core handling of being calculated scenarios."""
+    _takes_time.clear_cache()
+    res_queue = queue.Queue()
+    thread1 = threading.Thread(target=_calls_takes_time, kwargs={'res_queue': res_queue})
+    thread2 = threading.Thread(target=_calls_takes_time, kwargs={'res_queue': res_queue})
+    thread1.start()
+    sleep(0.5)
+    thread2.start()
+    thread1.join()
+    thread2.join()
+    assert res_queue.qsize() == 2
+    res1 = res_queue.get()
+    res2 = res_queue.get()
+    assert res1 == res2
+
+
+@cachier(backend='memory', stale_after=timedelta(seconds=1), next_time=True)
+def _being_calc_next_time(arg_1, arg_2):
+    """Some function."""
+    sleep(1)
+    return random() + arg_1 + arg_2
+
+
+def _calls_being_calc_next_time(res_queue):
+    res = _being_calc_next_time(0.13, 0.02)
+    res_queue.put(res)
+
+
+def test_being_calc_next_time():
+    """Testing memory core handling of being calculated scenarios."""
+    _takes_time.clear_cache()
+    _being_calc_next_time(0.13, 0.02)
+    sleep(1.1)
+    res_queue = queue.Queue()
+    thread1 = threading.Thread(
+        target=_calls_being_calc_next_time, kwargs={'res_queue': res_queue})
+    thread2 = threading.Thread(
+        target=_calls_being_calc_next_time, kwargs={'res_queue': res_queue})
+    thread1.start()
+    sleep(0.5)
+    thread2.start()
+    thread1.join()
+    thread2.join()
+    assert res_queue.qsize() == 2
+    res1 = res_queue.get()
+    res2 = res_queue.get()
+    assert res1 == res2
+
+
+@cachier(backend='memory')
+def _bad_cache(arg_1, arg_2):
+    """Some function."""
+    sleep(1)
+    return random() + arg_1 + arg_2
+
+
+@cachier(backend='memory')
+def _delete_cache(arg_1, arg_2):
+    """Some function."""
+    sleep(1)
+    return random() + arg_1 + arg_2
+
+
+def test_clear_being_calculated():
+    """Test memory core clear `being calculated` functionality."""
+    _takes_time.clear_being_calculated()
+
+
+@cachier(backend='memory', stale_after=timedelta(seconds=1), next_time=True)
+def _error_throwing_func(arg1):
+    if not hasattr(_error_throwing_func, 'count'):
+        _error_throwing_func.count = 0
+    _error_throwing_func.count += 1
+    if _error_throwing_func.count > 1:
+        raise ValueError("Tiny Rick!")
+    return 7
+
+
+def test_error_throwing_func():
+    # with
+    res1 = _error_throwing_func(4)
+    sleep(1.5)
+    res2 = _error_throwing_func(4)
+    assert res1 == res2
+
+
+def test_callable_hash_param():
+    def _hash_params(args, kwargs):
+        def _hash(obj):
+            if isinstance(obj, pd.core.frame.DataFrame):
+                return hashlib.sha256(pd.util.hash_pandas_object(obj).values.tobytes()).hexdigest()
+            return obj
+
+        k_args = tuple(map(_hash, args))
+        k_kwargs = tuple(sorted({k: _hash(v) for k, v in kwargs.items()}.items()))
+        return k_args + k_kwargs
+
+    @cachier(backend='memory', hash_params=_hash_params)
+    def _params_with_dataframe(*args, **kwargs):
+        """Some function."""
+        return random()
+
+    _params_with_dataframe.clear_cache()
+
+    df_a = pd.DataFrame.from_dict(dict(a=[0], b=[2], c=[3]))
+    df_b = pd.DataFrame.from_dict(dict(a=[0], b=[2], c=[3]))
+    value_a = _params_with_dataframe(df_a, 1)
+    value_b = _params_with_dataframe(df_b, 1)
+
+    assert value_a == value_b  # same content --> same key
+
+    value_a = _params_with_dataframe(1, df=df_a)
+    value_b = _params_with_dataframe(1, df=df_b)
+
+    assert value_a == value_b  # same content --> same key
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    test_memory_being_calculated()