Include GNSS support instead of only GPS #26
Replies: 25 comments 14 replies
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I did have a GNSS originally. It was the Telit SE873 and it was awesome, until they decided to replace it with the SE873Q5, which contains a switching regulator that literally craps all over the AIS frequencies and degrades RX sensitivity to unacceptable levels. I'm open to exploring GNSS units eventually, but right now, the Quectel GPS with the MediaTek 3333 chip is outstanding and dirt cheap. |
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After spending some time doing A/B tests between the Telit and Quectel, I have to admit that the latter doesn't compare. The MTK3333 can't stand still: It seems to always move randomly by a couple of meters at least, and its SOG is never zero. By contrast, once the Telit acquires enough satellites it stands still, with zero SOG. I am going to try a radical do-over of the layout to see if I can get the Telit back in the design without sacrificing AIS reception too much. The Telit has a plastic cap; it may need a dedicated shield can over it. |
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I'm also going to try a couple of GNSS modules that fit the footprint and should be drop-ins: Quectel L76 and Allystar TAU1105. The last one is interesting, because it's not MediaTek based, it's a completely different chipset. |
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Have you ever tried ublox GNSS modules.
https://www.u-blox.com/en/positioning-chips-and-modules
I made best experience with such modules in cooperation with BTLE, NBIOT and WiFi including rx sensitivity degradation etc. I live close to ublox head office, have an nda and access to internal details of the midules. If you are interested or need any help let me know.
PS I appreciate a lot what you do here. I’m planning to add POE to your system when it’s finished and stable.
Regards
Thom
Lat./Long.: N 47 12'45.9" / E 007 32'41.1"
always look on the bright side of life 😊
… On 26 Dec 2020, at 04:51, Peter Antypas ***@***.***> wrote:
I'm also going to try a couple of GNSS modules that fit the footprint and should be drop-ins: Quectel L76 and Allystar TAU1105. The last one is interesting, because it's not MediaTek based, it's a completely different chipset.
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A bit of good news: I constructed a shield can over the SE873Q5 using kapton and copper tape, and it did make a difference. So it looks like at least that option may be viable. |
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I just tested the Quectel L76 as a direct drop-in replacement and it seems to work pretty well. I counted 12 GPS and 7 GLONASS satellites at some point. After about 1 hour of continuous operation, it "froze" in place with a SOG of less than 0.1kts, so at least it got that right. As far as I'm concerned, design of the main transponder board is complete with rev 10.0.1 as posted in the repository. Any Quectel L7x series module with a standard 9.7x10.1 form factor will work. |
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A more comprehensive test with board 9.3 proved that the Quectel L76 is in fact just as good as the Telit SE873 without the EMC side effects. This is what I will bundle into the final kit. |
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Yes, this is it
…Sent from my iPhone
On Feb 4, 2021, at 2:51 AM, Robin Szemeti ***@***.***> wrote:
Hi Peter, Just pulling in the final parts before I paste the board ... is this now the preferred device:
https://uk.rs-online.com/web/p/gnss-gps-modules/9084108/
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I just tested the Quectel L76L-M33 module (which adds an extra input LNA), and noticed a significant improvement in horizontal accuracy. It's now routinely below 1 meter, and SOG seems to be quite accurate as well (especially with a mild low pass filter). Next week I will also test the Ublox MAX-M8Q-0 and report back. Adding this module will require a board spin though, because it has a "VIO" input that needs to touch the 3.3V rail. It's also possible that it might desense the AIS receiver because it contains a DC/DC switch (albeit under a metal shield can). |
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While building evaluation boards for different GNSS modules, I realized that something seemed off: One of those modules would track 7-8 GLONASS satellites and 0 GPS satellites. While debugging this, I decided to revisit the GPS antenna tuning, and then it dawned on me: When I originally designed the matching network for it, the board was laying flat on a wooden table, but it wasn't mounted inside the PVC enclosure. So I drilled through a scrap enclosure to pass a pigtail cable and then proceeded to tune the antenna again. Sure enough, the enclosure changes the tuning substantially, to the point where it's rather poor at the L1 band. Going forward, all new boards will be hand-modified with a different matching network for the GPS antenna. |
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Those Nano VNA boards are excellent value really. The equivalent HP
instrument would cost as much as a good car!
I am however a sucker for nice test gear, this weeks purchase was an
HP8970B and an Eaton 2075 ... I managed to resist a very nice HP 8563A
analyser, but I might give in to the temptation!
…On Wed, 15 Sept 2021 at 19:07, Peter Antypas ***@***.***> wrote:
Here is the new tuning, measured inside the enclosure, with the VHF
antenna attached:
[image: Screenshot from 2021-09-14 20-56-58]
<https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/1565933/133486372-cd7510f0-1cbf-4e3e-977b-0ba3cb8391aa.png>
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Have you tried SimSmith? I think the latest version will take data directly
out of NanoVNA ... I've found it useful for solving various matching
problems. I guess in the end it comes down to fiddling with component
values and a solderign iron, but SimSmith should get you pretty close.
http://www.ae6ty.com/Smith_Charts.html
…On Thu, 16 Sept 2021 at 19:30, Peter Antypas ***@***.***> wrote:
To take things further, I need to construct a slightly more elaborate
tuning setup which allows me to measure the antenna impedance with the
board wrapped in clear heatshrink and encased in the PVC enclosure, because
that's exactly how the kit is assembled.
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I've had a lot of success using it to design amplifier secions, with .s1p
files for the active device and producing the input and output matching
circuits ... you can see in real time the input match chnage as you fiddle
with the output ... very easy to use.
…On Fri, 17 Sept 2021 at 01:01, Peter Antypas ***@***.***> wrote:
I use an online Smith chart tool here: https://www.rfmentor.com/jSmith
but I could definitely give SimSmith a try.
But the main challenge for me is to set up the measurement to be as
unobtrusive as possible, then fiddle with component values. In the end I
just look at GSV sentences and average C/No values between GPS and GLONASS
and that gives me a pretty good idea of where it stands.
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Alright, this is done. The main lesson learned here is that the PCBA should not be covered by any heatshrink material because it severely de-tunes the antenna and no matching network will compensate for it. With the help of some spare boards, I was able to calibrate the VNA with the pigtail cable attached, then measured inside the enclosure by drilling a hole The rest was some combination of Smith charting and trial/error. But I got it: |
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I was also able to (briefly) play with the Quectel LC79D. This device is very different from the others. It's based on a Broadcom chipset and it was able to track GPS, Galileo and GLONASS vehicles during my brief test. Cost is 3x of L76. I have yet to assemble a board with the Ublox, that's next. I was only able to purchase the MAX-7C-0, nothing else. Cost is 4x the L76. |
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I think access to the other 2 systems will bring better performance than
anyting you can do to the antenna. You already have return loss better than
-10 dB, any improvements from here will be very small.
I managed to avoid buying any more test gear today ... apart from an HP
vector voltmeter for setting up some -3 dB hybrids ...
…On Fri, 17 Sept 2021 at 22:35, Peter Antypas ***@***.***> wrote:
I was also able to (briefly) play with the Quectel LC79D. This device is
very different from the others. It's based on a Broadcom chipset and it was
able to track GPS, Galileo and GLONASS vehicles during my brief test.
I have yet to assemble a board with the Ublox, that's next.
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The test gear doesn't take up that much room ... it's the pick and place
machine and conveyor oven that really hog the floor space ;) The pick and
place hogs bench space too, as loading and unloading feeders is a huge
pain, and I always get into a mess.
…On Sat, 18 Sept 2021 at 16:35, Peter Antypas ***@***.***> wrote:
I agree. I just assembled the board with the Ublox and I can tell its
stationary drift indoors is better than the L76. I'm going to the boat
today and I will do a shootout between MAX-7 and L76L. The LC79D is a 1.8V
device, needs a modified transponder board with a level shifter so no can
do today ...
Do you have enough walking room around your test gear?
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Well, that was quick! This test reaffirmed what I always suspected, but now I have the evidence to support it. TL;DR. The Ublox C-7 is an overpriced and underwhelming offering. Test methodology: Two identical boards, one with Quectel L76 and one with Ublox C-7 are mounted into the exact same MAIANA enclosure (complete with VHF antenna) and run through a stationary drift test for about 30 minutes each. The test begins by letting each GNSS run for 5 minutes to acquire a fix and build enough satellite almanac information so as to give each a fair chance. Then, I start tracking their position and saving the track as KML. The goal is to register very little (ideally zero) motion. This test was conducted with the new antenna tuning. Both boards had the exact same matching network. The result? The $5 L76 beat the living crap out of the $20 Ublox C-7. Like they're not even in the same league! Quectel track (I gave up after half an hour because it wouldn't move anymore): <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<kml xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xmlns="http://www.opengis.net/kml/2.2" xmlns:gx="http://www.google.com/kml/ext/2.2" xmlns:kml="http://www.opengis.net/kml/2.2">
<Document>
<name>OpenCPN Track</name>
<Placemark>
<name></name>
<gx:Track>
<when>2021-09-18T18:24:30Z</when>
<when>2021-09-18T18:40:32Z</when>
<gx:coord>-122.317090 37.868078 0.0</gx:coord>
<gx:coord>-122.317090 37.868063 0.0</gx:coord>
</gx:Track>
</Placemark>
</Document>
</kml> Ublox track: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<kml xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xmlns="http://www.opengis.net/kml/2.2" xmlns:gx="http://www.google.com/kml/ext/2.2" xmlns:kml="http://www.opengis.net/kml/2.2">
<Document>
<name>OpenCPN Track</name>
<Placemark>
<name></name>
<gx:Track>
<when>2021-09-18T17:28:46Z</when>
<when>2021-09-18T17:32:18Z</when>
<when>2021-09-18T17:33:30Z</when>
<when>2021-09-18T17:37:30Z</when>
<when>2021-09-18T17:38:28Z</when>
<when>2021-09-18T17:42:56Z</when>
<when>2021-09-18T17:44:18Z</when>
<when>2021-09-18T17:49:55Z</when>
<when>2021-09-18T17:57:07Z</when>
<gx:coord>-122.317106 37.868047 0.0</gx:coord>
<gx:coord>-122.317070 37.868031 0.0</gx:coord>
<gx:coord>-122.317083 37.868065 0.0</gx:coord>
<gx:coord>-122.317122 37.868042 0.0</gx:coord>
<gx:coord>-122.317088 37.868014 0.0</gx:coord>
<gx:coord>-122.317130 37.868060 0.0</gx:coord>
<gx:coord>-122.317110 37.868034 0.0</gx:coord>
<gx:coord>-122.317107 37.868080 0.0</gx:coord>
<gx:coord>-122.317118 37.868049 0.0</gx:coord>
</gx:Track>
</Placemark>
</Document>
</kml>
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That's impressive. I can see why the uBlox is built that way, as many
applications do use an external aerial with built-in LNA, and in the past,
there was not a whole lot of strong signals in that band, but these days,
there are, and they probably wanted to limit front-end gain to prevent
blocking when used in an urban environment ... but, for our application,
adding an LNA device with bias and decoupling is probably not a great plan.
Out of interest, what is the "cold start" time on the L76? Just idly
thinking about PLB type applications ... the board is small enough ..
…On Sat, 18 Sept 2021 at 20:38, Peter Antypas ***@***.***> wrote:
So why is this? I think it's because UBLOX device are not as sensitive.
Reading through the Hardware Integration documents for several of them, it
becomes clear very quickly that they expect an *active antenna or
external LNA*.
The C-7 was not able to acquire a single GLONASS satellite during this
test. The Quectel had 7. Could the C-7 match this performance if it had an
active antenna? Maybe so, but why? Why would I want to add yet more BOM and
complexity to this board?
Case closed, as far as I'm concerned.
Now, the performance of the L76 has improved since the last time I run a
similar test, due to the new antenna tuning. So now I'm happy to just
redesign the MAIANA board with the new GNSS matching network components and
call it a day :)
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That's a pretty decent cold start time I guess, it would make a PLB very
feasible.
…On Sat, 18 Sept 2021 at 21:43, Peter Antypas ***@***.***> wrote:
Yeah, I think it makes sense for the applications they target. The L76
typically takes < 1 minute cold start outdoors.
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I was unable to record a track with the L76L. It did not move. At all. In over 45 minutes. We have a winner! |
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That's interesting ... I shall have a look at that device for another
project, a GPS disciplined 10 mhz reference ... it just needs a very good,
low jitter 1pps output to drive the reference comparator. If the
positioning accuracy is good on this device, there is every chance the 1
pps output is low jitter also.
…On Sun, 19 Sept 2021 at 19:16, Peter Antypas ***@***.***> wrote:
I was unable to record a track with the L76L. It did not move. At all. In
over 45 minutes. We have a winner!
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They claim 10ns accuracy for 1pps
…Sent from my iPhone
On Sep 19, 2021, at 11:57 AM, Robin Szemeti ***@***.***> wrote:
That's interesting ... I shall have a look at that device for another
project, a GPS disciplined 10 mhz reference ... it just needs a very good,
low jitter 1pps output to drive the reference comparator. If the
positioning accuracy is good on this device, there is every chance the 1
pps output is low jitter also.
On Sun, 19 Sept 2021 at 19:16, Peter Antypas ***@***.***>
wrote:
> I was unable to record a track with the L76L. It did not move. At all. In
> over 45 minutes. We have a winner!
>
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Alright, this is it. It's going into the next board design. |
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As my bits are still sitting in a box ... are you any closer to having some
completed units available for release?
…On Tue, 21 Sept 2021 at 17:03, Peter Antypas ***@***.***> wrote:
Alright, this is it. It's going into the next board design.
[image: IMG_1301]
<https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/1565933/134206102-5a9b80da-4b22-49bf-b4f7-46739ba0dedc.JPG>
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first of all I just discovered your project and it sound really marvellous.
after that of course I have some ideas, but no clue of programming, but I really can help as tester, because I'm well familiarized with NMEA comms on board.
why not include in the positioning chip the capability for GNSS??
I mean at least include GLONASS, Galileo, GPS, Beidou, ....
I guess it should be really fine to make it positioning redundant.
I'll try to share some other ideas for your consideration.
Cheeer
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