[GR-58701] Define SVM API surface for base layer.

substratevm/src/com.oracle.graal.pointsto/src/com/oracle/graal/pointsto/meta/AnalysisMethod.java

@@ -353,14 +353,14 @@ public boolean isDelayed() {
         return compilationBehavior == CompilationBehavior.FULLY_DELAYED_TO_APPLICATION_LAYER && buildingSharedLayer;
     }
 
-    public void setPinnedToInitialLayer() {
+    public void setPinnedToInitialLayer(Object reason) {
         BigBang bigbang = getUniverse().getBigbang();
         AnalysisError.guarantee(bigbang.getHostVM().buildingInitialLayer(), "Methods can only be pinned to the initial layer: %s", this);
         boolean nonAbstractInstanceClass = !declaringClass.isArray() && declaringClass.isInstanceClass() && !declaringClass.isAbstract();
-        AnalysisError.guarantee(nonAbstractInstanceClass, "Only methods from non abstract instance class can be delayed: %s", this);
-        bigbang.forcedAddRootMethod(this, true, "Method is pinned to the initial layer");
+        AnalysisError.guarantee(nonAbstractInstanceClass, "Only methods from non abstract instance class can be pinned: %s", this);
+        bigbang.forcedAddRootMethod(this, true, "pinned to initial layer: " + reason);
         if (!isStatic()) {
-            declaringClass.registerAsInstantiated(this + " is pinned to the initial layer");
+            declaringClass.registerAsInstantiated("declared method " + this.format("%H.%n(%p)") + " is pinned to initial layer: " + reason);
         }
         setNewCompilationBehavior(CompilationBehavior.PINNED_TO_INITIAL_LAYER);
     }

substratevm/src/com.oracle.svm.hosted/src/com/oracle/svm/hosted/NativeImageGenerator.java

@@ -1110,7 +1110,10 @@ protected void setupNativeImage(OptionValues options, Map<Method, CEntryPointDat
                 initializeBigBang(bb, options, featureHandler, nativeLibraries, debug, aMetaAccess, aUniverse.getSubstitutions(), loader, true,
                                 new SubstrateClassInitializationPlugin(hostVM), this.isStubBasedPluginsSupported(), aProviders);
 
-                loader.classLoaderSupport.getClassesToIncludeUnconditionally().forEach(clazz -> bb.tryRegisterTypeForBaseImage(originalMetaAccess.lookupJavaType(clazz)));
+                if (ImageLayerBuildingSupport.buildingSharedLayer()) {
+                    HostedImageLayerBuildingSupport.singleton().registerBaseLayerTypes(bb, originalMetaAccess, loader.classLoaderSupport);
+                }
+
                 if (loader.classLoaderSupport.isPreserveMode()) {
                     PreserveOptionsSupport.registerPreservedClasses(bb, originalMetaAccess, loader.classLoaderSupport);
                 }
@@ -1244,71 +1247,8 @@ public static void initializeBigBang(Inflation bb, OptionValues options, Feature
             HostedImageLayerBuildingSupport.singleton().getLoader().relinkNonTransformedStaticFinalFieldValues();
         }
 
-        /*
-         * System classes and fields are necessary to tell the static analysis that certain things
-         * really "exist". The most common reason for that is that there are no instances and
-         * allocations of these classes seen during the static analysis. The heap chunks are one
-         * good example.
-         */
         try (Indent ignored = debug.logAndIndent("add initial classes/fields/methods")) {
-            bb.addRootClass(Object.class, false, false).registerAsInstantiated("root class");
-            bb.addRootField(DynamicHub.class, "vtable");
-            bb.addRootClass(String.class, false, false).registerAsInstantiated("root class");
-            bb.addRootClass(String[].class, false, false).registerAsInstantiated("root class");
-            bb.addRootField(String.class, "value").registerAsInstantiated("root class");
-            bb.addRootClass(long[].class, false, false).registerAsInstantiated("root class");
-            bb.addRootClass(byte[].class, false, false).registerAsInstantiated("root class");
-            bb.addRootClass(byte[][].class, false, false).registerAsInstantiated("root class");
-            bb.addRootClass(Object[].class, false, false).registerAsInstantiated("root class");
-            bb.addRootClass(CFunctionPointer[].class, false, false).registerAsInstantiated("root class");
-            bb.addRootClass(PointerBase[].class, false, false).registerAsInstantiated("root class");
-
-            /* MethodRef can conceal use of MethodPointer and MethodOffset until after analysis. */
-            bb.addRootClass(MethodPointer.class, false, true);
-            if (SubstrateOptions.useRelativeCodePointers()) {
-                bb.addRootClass(MethodOffset.class, false, true);
-            }
-
-            bb.addRootMethod(ReflectionUtil.lookupMethod(SubstrateArraycopySnippets.class, "doArraycopy", Object.class, int.class, Object.class, int.class, int.class), true,
-                            "Runtime support, registered in " + NativeImageGenerator.class);
-            bb.addRootMethod(ReflectionUtil.lookupMethod(Object.class, "getClass"), true, "Runtime support, registered in " + NativeImageGenerator.class);
-
-            for (JavaKind kind : JavaKind.values()) {
-                if (kind.isPrimitive() && kind != JavaKind.Void) {
-                    bb.addRootClass(kind.toJavaClass(), false, true);
-                    bb.addRootClass(kind.toBoxedJavaClass(), false, true).registerAsInstantiated("root class");
-                    bb.addRootField(kind.toBoxedJavaClass(), "value");
-                    bb.addRootMethod(ReflectionUtil.lookupMethod(kind.toBoxedJavaClass(), "valueOf", kind.toJavaClass()), true, "Runtime support, registered in " + NativeImageGenerator.class);
-                    bb.addRootMethod(ReflectionUtil.lookupMethod(kind.toBoxedJavaClass(), kind.getJavaName() + "Value"), true, "Runtime support, registered in " + NativeImageGenerator.class);
-                    /*
-                     * Register the cache location as reachable.
-                     * BoxingSnippets$Templates#getCacheLocation accesses the cache field.
-                     */
-                    Class<?>[] innerClasses = kind.toBoxedJavaClass().getDeclaredClasses();
-                    if (innerClasses != null && innerClasses.length > 0) {
-                        bb.getMetaAccess().lookupJavaType(innerClasses[0]).registerAsReachable("inner class of root class");
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-            /* SubstrateTemplates#toLocationIdentity accesses the Counter.value field. */
-            bb.getMetaAccess().lookupJavaType(JavaKind.Void.toJavaClass()).registerAsReachable("root class");
-            bb.getMetaAccess().lookupJavaType(com.oracle.svm.core.util.Counter.class).registerAsReachable("root class");
-            bb.getMetaAccess().lookupJavaType(com.oracle.svm.core.allocationprofile.AllocationCounter.class).registerAsReachable("root class");
-            /*
-             * SubstrateAllocationProfilingData is not actually present in the image since it is
-             * only allocated at build time, is passed to snippets as a @ConstantParameter, and it
-             * only contains final fields that are constant-folded. However, since the profiling
-             * object is only allocated during lowering it is processed by the shadow heap after
-             * analysis, so its type needs to be already marked reachable at this point.
-             */
-            bb.getMetaAccess().lookupJavaType(com.oracle.svm.core.graal.snippets.SubstrateAllocationSnippets.SubstrateAllocationProfilingData.class).registerAsReachable("root class");
-            /*
-             * Similarly to above, StackSlotIdentity only gets reachable during lowering, through
-             * build time allocated constants. It doesn't actually end up in the image heap since
-             * all its fields are final and are constant-folded, but the type becomes reachable,
-             * through the shadow heap processing, after analysis.
-             */
-            bb.getMetaAccess().lookupJavaType(com.oracle.svm.core.graal.stackvalue.StackValueNode.StackSlotIdentity.class).registerAsReachable("root class");
+            registerRootElements(bb);
 
             NativeImageGenerator.registerGraphBuilderPlugins(featureHandler, null, aProviders, aMetaAccess, aUniverse, nativeLibraries, loader, ParsingReason.PointsToAnalysis,
                             bb.getAnnotationSubstitutionProcessor(), classInitializationPlugin, ConfigurationValues.getTarget(), supportsStubBasedPlugins);
@@ -1318,6 +1258,75 @@ public static void initializeBigBang(Inflation bb, OptionValues options, Feature
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * System classes and fields are necessary to tell the static analysis that certain things
+     * really "exist". The most common reason for that is that there are no instances and
+     * allocations of these classes seen during the static analysis. The heap chunks are one good
+     * example.
+     */
+    private static void registerRootElements(Inflation bb) {
+        String rootClassReason = "system class included unconditionally";
+        String rootMethodReason = "system method included unconditionally";
+        bb.addRootClass(Object.class, false, false).registerAsInstantiated(rootClassReason);
+        bb.addRootField(DynamicHub.class, "vtable");
+        bb.addRootClass(String.class, false, false).registerAsInstantiated(rootClassReason);
+        bb.addRootClass(String[].class, false, false).registerAsInstantiated(rootClassReason);
+        bb.addRootField(String.class, "value").registerAsInstantiated(rootClassReason);
+        bb.addRootClass(long[].class, false, false).registerAsInstantiated(rootClassReason);
+        bb.addRootClass(byte[].class, false, false).registerAsInstantiated(rootClassReason);
+        bb.addRootClass(byte[][].class, false, false).registerAsInstantiated(rootClassReason);
+        bb.addRootClass(Object[].class, false, false).registerAsInstantiated(rootClassReason);
+        bb.addRootClass(CFunctionPointer[].class, false, false).registerAsInstantiated(rootClassReason);
+        bb.addRootClass(PointerBase[].class, false, false).registerAsInstantiated(rootClassReason);
+
+        /* MethodRef can conceal use of MethodPointer and MethodOffset until after analysis. */
+        bb.addRootClass(MethodPointer.class, false, true);
+        if (SubstrateOptions.useRelativeCodePointers()) {
+            bb.addRootClass(MethodOffset.class, false, true);
+        }
+
+        bb.addRootMethod(ReflectionUtil.lookupMethod(SubstrateArraycopySnippets.class, "doArraycopy",
+                        Object.class, int.class, Object.class, int.class, int.class), true, rootMethodReason);
+        bb.addRootMethod(ReflectionUtil.lookupMethod(Object.class, "getClass"), true, rootMethodReason);
+
+        for (JavaKind kind : JavaKind.values()) {
+            if (kind.isPrimitive() && kind != JavaKind.Void) {
+                bb.addRootClass(kind.toJavaClass(), false, true);
+                bb.addRootClass(kind.toBoxedJavaClass(), false, true).registerAsInstantiated(rootClassReason);
+                bb.addRootField(kind.toBoxedJavaClass(), "value");
+                bb.addRootMethod(ReflectionUtil.lookupMethod(kind.toBoxedJavaClass(), "valueOf", kind.toJavaClass()), true, rootMethodReason);
+                bb.addRootMethod(ReflectionUtil.lookupMethod(kind.toBoxedJavaClass(), kind.getJavaName() + "Value"), true, rootMethodReason);
+                /*
+                 * Register the cache location as reachable.
+                 * BoxingSnippets$Templates#getCacheLocation accesses the cache field.
+                 */
+                Class<?>[] innerClasses = kind.toBoxedJavaClass().getDeclaredClasses();
+                if (innerClasses != null && innerClasses.length > 0) {
+                    bb.getMetaAccess().lookupJavaType(innerClasses[0]).registerAsReachable("inner class of " + rootClassReason);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        /* SubstrateTemplates#toLocationIdentity accesses the Counter.value field. */
+        bb.getMetaAccess().lookupJavaType(JavaKind.Void.toJavaClass()).registerAsReachable(rootClassReason);
+        bb.getMetaAccess().lookupJavaType(com.oracle.svm.core.util.Counter.class).registerAsReachable(rootClassReason);
+        bb.getMetaAccess().lookupJavaType(com.oracle.svm.core.allocationprofile.AllocationCounter.class).registerAsReachable(rootClassReason);
+        /*
+         * SubstrateAllocationProfilingData is not actually present in the image since it is only
+         * allocated at build time, is passed to snippets as a @ConstantParameter, and it only
+         * contains final fields that are constant-folded. However, since the profiling object is
+         * only allocated during lowering it is processed by the shadow heap after analysis, so its
+         * type needs to be already marked reachable at this point.
+         */
+        bb.getMetaAccess().lookupJavaType(com.oracle.svm.core.graal.snippets.SubstrateAllocationSnippets.SubstrateAllocationProfilingData.class).registerAsReachable(rootClassReason);
+        /*
+         * Similarly to above, StackSlotIdentity only gets reachable during lowering, through build
+         * time allocated constants. It doesn't actually end up in the image heap since all its
+         * fields are final and are constant-folded, but the type becomes reachable, through the
+         * shadow heap processing, after analysis.
+         */
+        bb.getMetaAccess().lookupJavaType(com.oracle.svm.core.graal.stackvalue.StackValueNode.StackSlotIdentity.class).registerAsReachable(rootClassReason);
+    }
+
     public static void performSnippetGraphAnalysis(BigBang bb, SubstrateReplacements replacements, OptionValues options, Function<Object, Object> objectTransformer) {
         Collection<StructuredGraph> snippetGraphs = replacements.getSnippetGraphs(GraalOptions.TrackNodeSourcePosition.getValue(options), options, objectTransformer);
         if (bb instanceof NativeImagePointsToAnalysis pointsToAnalysis) {

substratevm/src/com.oracle.svm.hosted/src/com/oracle/svm/hosted/imagelayer/HostedImageLayerBuildingSupport.java

@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@
 import org.graalvm.nativeimage.Platform;
 import org.graalvm.nativeimage.Platform.LINUX_AMD64;
 
+import com.oracle.graal.pointsto.BigBang;
 import com.oracle.graal.pointsto.api.PointstoOptions;
 import com.oracle.graal.pointsto.util.AnalysisError;
 import com.oracle.svm.core.SubstrateOptions;
@@ -72,6 +73,7 @@
 import jdk.graal.compiler.options.OptionKey;
 import jdk.graal.compiler.options.OptionValues;
 import jdk.graal.compiler.options.OptionsContainer;
+import jdk.vm.ci.meta.MetaAccessProvider;
 
 public final class HostedImageLayerBuildingSupport extends ImageLayerBuildingSupport {
 
@@ -285,9 +287,9 @@ private static boolean isLayerUseOptionEnabled(OptionValues values) {
         return false;
     }
 
+    /** Currently layered images are only supported on {@link LINUX_AMD64}. */
     private static boolean supportedPlatform(Platform platform) {
-        boolean supported = platform instanceof LINUX_AMD64;
-        return supported;
+        return platform instanceof LINUX_AMD64;
     }
 
     public static HostedImageLayerBuildingSupport initialize(HostedOptionValues values, ImageClassLoader imageClassLoader, Path builderTempDir) {
@@ -395,4 +397,8 @@ public static void setupSharedLayerLibrary(NativeLibraries nativeLibs) {
         HostedDynamicLayerInfo.singleton().registerLibName(libName);
         nativeLibs.addDynamicNonJniLibrary(libName);
     }
+
+    public void registerBaseLayerTypes(BigBang bb, MetaAccessProvider originalMetaAccess, NativeImageClassLoaderSupport classLoaderSupport) {
+        classLoaderSupport.getClassesToIncludeUnconditionally().forEach(clazz -> bb.tryRegisterTypeForBaseImage(originalMetaAccess.lookupJavaType(clazz)));
+    }
 }

substratevm/src/com.oracle.svm.hosted/src/com/oracle/svm/hosted/imagelayer/InitialLayerFeature.java

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
+ * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
+ * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package com.oracle.svm.hosted.imagelayer;
+
+import com.oracle.graal.pointsto.meta.AnalysisMetaAccess;
+import org.graalvm.nativeimage.hosted.Feature;
+
+import com.oracle.svm.core.feature.AutomaticallyRegisteredFeature;
+import com.oracle.svm.core.feature.InternalFeature;
+import com.oracle.svm.core.imagelayer.ImageLayerBuildingSupport;
+import com.oracle.svm.hosted.FeatureImpl.BeforeAnalysisAccessImpl;
+import com.oracle.svm.util.ReflectionUtil;
+
+import jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe;
+
+@AutomaticallyRegisteredFeature
+public class InitialLayerFeature implements InternalFeature {
+    @Override
+    public boolean isInConfiguration(Feature.IsInConfigurationAccess access) {
+        return ImageLayerBuildingSupport.buildingInitialLayer();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void beforeAnalysis(BeforeAnalysisAccess a) {
+        BeforeAnalysisAccessImpl access = (BeforeAnalysisAccessImpl) a;
+
+        /*
+         * Make sure that critical VM components are included in the base layer by registering
+         * runtime APIs as entry points. Although the types below are part of java.base, so they
+         * would anyway be included in every base layer created with module=java.base, this ensures
+         * that the base layer is usable regardless of the class inclusion policy.
+         */
+        String pinReason = "base layer entry point included unconditionally";
+        AnalysisMetaAccess metaAccess = access.getMetaAccess();
+        metaAccess.lookupJavaMethod(ReflectionUtil.lookupMethod(Unsafe.class, "getUnsafe")).setPinnedToInitialLayer(pinReason);
+        metaAccess.lookupJavaMethod(ReflectionUtil.lookupMethod(Unsafe.class, "allocateInstance", Class.class)).setPinnedToInitialLayer(pinReason);
+        metaAccess.lookupJavaMethod(ReflectionUtil.lookupMethod(Runtime.class, "getRuntime")).setPinnedToInitialLayer(pinReason);
+        metaAccess.lookupJavaMethod(ReflectionUtil.lookupMethod(Runtime.class, "gc")).setPinnedToInitialLayer(pinReason);
+        metaAccess.lookupJavaMethod(ReflectionUtil.lookupMethod(Class.class, "getResource", String.class)).setPinnedToInitialLayer(pinReason);
+    }
+
+}