Restrict component identifiers character set

[mx-psi]

Similar to what we did for feature gates on #8766, we should have a clear idea on what characters we want to allow on component names and verify it.

At a minimum, we want to disallow / characters in the component name and have the component name not be empty. My proposal would be to further restrict this for now to an ASCII alphanumeric + _ identifier, starting with an ASCII alphabetic character.

This would be a breaking change, so it is needed before GA of the component package. We should do it as part of building a component.Type or a component.ID.