Error when `~/.cache/node/corepack` is on read-only file system

[marvinruder]

When running corepack enable in a Docker build stage, the directory ~/.cache/node/corepack is filled with my package manager. I would like to mount this directory and other immutable caches into a later build stage using an expression like:

FROM node:21.7.0-alpine AS build
RUN --mount=type=bind,from=yarn,source=/root/.cache,target=/root/.cache \
  yarn …
  # here I do not have to run `corepack enable` again

With Corepack 0.25.2 in node:21.7.0-alpine, this no longer works:

Internal Error: EROFS: read-only file system, open '/root/.cache/node/corepack/lastKnownGood.json'
    at async Object.open (node:internal/fs/promises:637:25)
    at async Engine.getDefaultVersion (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/corepack/dist/lib/corepack.cjs:23337:29)
    at async executePackageManagerRequest (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/corepack/dist/lib/corepack.cjs:24207:28)
    at async BinaryCommand.validateAndExecute (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/corepack/dist/lib/corepack.cjs:21173:22)
    at async _Cli.run (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/corepack/dist/lib/corepack.cjs:22148:18)
    at async Object.runMain (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/corepack/dist/lib/corepack.cjs:24279:12)

This looks like a regression of #382 where the case of ENOENT was considered, but EROFS was not.