[libpq] Update to 17.4 (#41747)

[donbowman]

Fixes: #41747

• [x ] Changes comply with the maintainer guide.
• [x ] SHA512s are updated for each updated download.
• [x ] The "supports" clause reflects platforms that may be fixed by this new version.
• [x ] Any fixed CI baseline entries are removed from that file.
• [x ] Any patches that are no longer applied are deleted from the port's directory.
• [x ] The version database is fixed by rerunning ./vcpkg x-add-version --all and committing the result.
• [ x] Only one version is added to each modified port's versions file.

[donbowman]

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[donbowman]

@microsoft-github-policy-service agree company="Agilicus Incorporated"

…

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[LilyWangLL]

Please handle the install failure:

Building libpq[core,lz4,openssl,zlib]:x64-windows@17.4...
-- Using cached postgresql-17.4.tar.bz2
-- Extracting source D:/downloads/postgresql-17.4.tar.bz2
-- Applying patch unix/installdirs.patch
-- Applying patch unix/fix-configure.patch
-- Applying patch unix/single-linkage.patch
-- Applying patch unix/single-linkage-2.patch
-- Applying patch unix/no-server-tools.patch
-- Applying patch unix/mingw-install.patch
-- Applying patch unix/python.patch
-- Applying patch windows/macro-def.patch
-- Applying patch windows/spin_delay.patch
-- Applying patch android/unversioned_so.patch
-- Using source at D:/b/libpq/src/tgresql-17-2c1e40a661.clean
-- Found external ninja('1.12.1').
-- Getting CMake variables for x64-windows
CMake Error at scripts/cmake/vcpkg_replace_string.cmake:12 (file):
  file failed to open for reading (No such file or directory):

    D:/b/libpq/x64-windows-dbg/src/tools/msvc/MSBuildProject.pm
Call Stack (most recent call first):
  ports/libpq/build-msvc.cmake:19 (vcpkg_replace_string)
  ports/libpq/portfile.cmake:73 (build_msvc)
  scripts/ports.cmake:206 (include)