Visual Studio's code analysis tools can help find issues in our C++ code. Eventually, it would be great to have these tools running in all of our builds and to fix all the warnings they generate.

See #689 for an example of how to enable the tools during the build. We'll enable code analysis only in the "Release" configuration to avoid slowing down Debug builds.

To see which warnings still need to be fixed, check a recent build from the master branch.

It would be best to submit fixes for unrelated warnings as separate PRs. I'll close out this issue when 1) all C++ projects are building with code analysis rules on and 2) all the warnings generated by those tools are fixed or silenced.