feat: Allow developers to deprecate stream fields

[edgarrmondragon]

Feature scope

Taps (catalog, state, tests, etc.)

Description

The goal is to give developers a clear path for deprecation of a stream field, by automatically communicating to current and future users of the tap an explanation or even a migration instruction via this library's logs.

For example, if users want to change the type of a field but want to avoid introducing a breaking change, they could

1. add new field field_decimal, and deprecate field by adding the deprecated=True flag
2. the Singer SDK emits a warning each time field is selected for sync
3. later, field is marked with selected-by-default: false metadata
4. later yet, field is removed

Related:

• feat: Support using JSON Schema's deprecated keyword to mark deprecated settings #2116