Extend msvc (DLL) configuration to clang-cl and mingw

[dg0yt]

This PR is based on patching in vcpkg. Originally contributed to enable builds with clang-cl, I modified it to cover mingw builds. This change reduced the C++ import lib on mingw by one third.

[dg0yt]

2022-11-22T06:57:22.4721616Z In file included from D:/a/geos/geos/include/geos/algorithm/PointLocation.h:24,
2022-11-22T06:57:22.5346164Z                  from D:/a/geos/geos/src/algorithm/ConvexHull.cpp:22:
2022-11-22T06:57:22.6752542Z D:/a/geos/geos/include/geos/geom/Location.h:32:32: error: 'dllexport' attribute ignored [-Werror=attributes]
2022-11-22T06:57:22.7377914Z    32 | enum class GEOS_DLL Location : char {
2022-11-22T06:57:22.8897398Z       |                                ^~~~
2022-11-22T06:57:23.0675800Z cc1plus.exe: all warnings being treated as errors
2022-11-22T06:57:23.1946999Z make[2]: *** [CMakeFiles/geos.dir/build.make:146: CMakeFiles/geos.dir/src/algorithm/ConvexHull.cpp.obj] Error 1

Hm, I saw this warning while testing, but I didn't build with -Werror=attributes. Not sure how to properly DLL-export enum class with mingw.

[pramsey]

Why the bool thing? Is the old way broken? (I find the old one more straightforward in my head.)

[pramsey]

Nevermind, you're picking off mingw and msvc with one shot, got it. Add a comment to that effect?

[dg0yt]

Unrelated to mingw. AFAIU $<CXX_COMPILER_ID:MSVC> doesn't cover clang-cl, but ${MSVC} does.