translate configmap into chinese

content/zh/docs/concepts/configuration/configmap.md

@@ -0,0 +1,230 @@
+---
+title: ConfigMaps
+content_template: templates/concept
+weight: 20
+---
+
+{{% capture overview %}}
+
+{{< glossary_definition term_id="configmap" prepend="A ConfigMap is" length="all" >}}
+
+{{< caution >}}
+<!--
+ConfigMap does not provide secrecy or encryption.  
+If the data you want to store are confidential, use a
+{{< glossary_tooltip text="Secret" term_id="secret" >}} rather than a ConfigMap,
+or use additional (third party) tools to keep your data private.
+-->
+ConfigMap 并不提供保密或者加密功能。如果你想存储的数据是机密的，请使用 {{< glossary_tooltip text="Secret" term_id="secret" >}} ，或者使用其他第三方工具来保证你的数据的私密性，而不是用 ConfigMap。
+{{< /caution >}}
+
+{{% /capture %}}
+
+{{% capture body %}}
+<!--
+## Motivation
+
+Use a ConfigMap for setting configuration data separately from application code.
+
+For example, imagine that you are developing an application that you can run on your
+own computer (for development) and in the cloud (to handle real traffic).
+You write the code to
+look in an environment variable named `DATABASE_HOST`. Locally, you set that variable
+to `localhost`. In the cloud, you set it to refer to a Kubernetes
+{{< glossary_tooltip text="Service" term_id="service" >}} that exposes the database
+component to your cluster.
+
+This lets you fetch a container image running in the cloud and
+debug the exact same code locally if needed.
+-->
+
+## 动机
+
+使用 ConfigMap 来将你的配置数据和应用程序代码分开。
+
+比如，假设你正在开发一个应用，它可以在你自己的电脑上（用于开发）和在云上（用于实际流量）运行。你的代码里有一段是用于查看环境变量 `DATABASE_HOST`，在本地运行时，你将这个变量设置为 `localhost`，在云上，你将其设置为引用 Kubernetes 集群中的公开数据库 {{< glossary_tooltip text="Service" term_id="service" >}} 中的组件。
+
+这让您可以获取在云中运行的容器镜像，并且如果有需要的话，在本地调试完全相同的代码。
+
+<!--
+## ConfigMap object
+
+A ConfigMap is an API [object](/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/kubernetes-objects/)
+that lets you store configuration for other objects to use. Unlike most
+Kubernetes objects that have a `spec`, a ConfigMap has a `data` section to
+store items (keys) and their values.
+
+The name of a ConfigMap must be a valid
+[DNS subdomain name](/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/names#dns-subdomain-names).
+-->
+## ConfigMap 对象
+
+ConfigMap 是一个 API [对象](/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/kubernetes-objects/)，让你可以存储其他对象所需要使用的配置。和其他 Kubernetes 对象都有一个 `spec` 不同的是，ConfigMap 使用 `data` 块来存储一个键和它的值。
+
+ConfigMap 的名字必须是一个合法的 [DNS 子域名](/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/names#dns-subdomain-names)。
+
+<!--
+## ConfigMaps and Pods
+
+You can write a Pod `spec` that refers to a ConfigMap and configures the container(s)
+in that Pod based on the data in the ConfigMap. The Pod and the ConfigMap must be in
+the same {{< glossary_tooltip text="namespace" term_id="namespace" >}}.
+
+Here's an example ConfigMap that has some keys with single values,
+and other keys where the value looks like a fragment of a configuration
+format.
+-->
+## ConfigMaps 和 Pods
+
+您可以写一个引用 ConfigMap 的 Pod 的 `spec`，并根据 ConfigMap 中的数据在该 Pod 中配置容器。这个 Pod 和 ConfigMap 必须要在同一个 {{< glossary_tooltip text="namespace" term_id="namespace" >}} 中。
+
+这是一个 ConfigMap 的示例，它的一些键只有一个值，其他键的值看起来像是配置的片段格式。
+
+```yaml
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  Name: game-demo
+data:
+  # property-like keys; each key maps to a simple value
+  player_initial_lives: 3
+  ui_properties_file_name: "user-interface.properties"
+  #
+  # file-like keys
+  game.properties: |
+    enemy.types=aliens,monsters
+    player.maximum-lives=5
+  user-interface.properties: |
+    color.good=purple
+    color.bad=yellow
+    allow.textmode=true
+```
+<!--
+There are four different ways that you can use a ConfigMap to configure
+a container inside a Pod:
+
+1. Command line arguments to the entrypoint of a container
+1. Environment variables for a container
+1. Add a file in read-only volume, for the application to read
+1. Write code to run inside the Pod that uses the Kubernetes API to read a ConfigMap
+
+These different methods lend themselves to different ways of modeling
+the data being consumed.
+For the first three methods, the
+{{< glossary_tooltip text="kubelet" term_id="kubelet" >}} uses the data from
+the Secret when it launches container(s) for a Pod.
+-->
+您可以使用四种方式来使用 ConfigMap 在 Pod 内配置一个容器：
+
+1. 容器入口点的命令行参数
+1. 容器的环境变量
+1. 在只读卷里面添加一个文件，让应用来读取
+1. 编写代码在能够使用 Kubernetes API 来读取 ConfigMap 的 Pod 中运行
+
+这些不同的方法适用于不同的方式来对数据进行建模。对前三个方法，{{< glossary_tooltip text="kubelet" term_id="kubelet" >}} 使用 Secret 中的数据在 Pod 中启动容器。
+
+<!--
+The fourth method means you have to write code to read the Secret and its data.
+However, because you're using the Kubernetes API directly, your application can
+subscribe to get updates whenever the ConfigMap changes, and react
+when that happens. By accessing the Kubernetes API directly, this
+technique also lets you access a ConfigMap in a different namespace.
+
+Here's an example Pod that uses values from `game-demo` to configure a Pod:
+-->
+第四种方法意味着你必须编写代码才能读取 Secret 和它的数据。然而，由于您是直接使用 Kubernetes API，因此只要 ConfigMap 发生更改，您的应用就能够通过订阅来获取更新，并且在这样的情况发生的时候做出反应。通过直接进入 Kubernetes API，这个技术也可以让你能够获取到不同的命名空间里的 ConfigMap。
+
+这是一个 Pod 的示例，它通过使用 `game-demo` 中的值来配置一个 Pod：
+
+```yaml
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Pod
+metadata:
+  name: configmap-demo-pod
+spec:
+  containers:
+    - name: demo
+      image: game.example/demo-game
+      env:
+        # Define the environment variable
+        - name: PLAYER_INITIAL_LIVES # Notice that the case is different here
+                                     # from the key name in the ConfigMap.
+          valueFrom:
+            configMapKeyRef:
+              name: game-demo           # The ConfigMap this value comes from.
+              key: player_initial_lives # The key to fetch.
+        - name: UI_PROPERTIES_FILE_NAME
+          valueFrom:
+            configMapKeyRef:
+              name: game-demo
+              key: ui_properties_file_name
+      volumeMounts:
+      - name: config
+        mountPath: "/config"
+        readOnly: true
+  volumes:
+    # You set volumes at the Pod level, then mount them into containers inside that Pod
+    - name: config
+      configMap:
+        # Provide the name of the ConfigMap you want to mount.
+        name: game-demo
+```
+
+<!--
+A ConfigMap doesn't differentiate between single line property values and
+multi-line file-like values.
+What matters how Pods and other objects consume those values.
+For this example, defining a volume and mounting it inside the `demo`
+container as `/config` creates four files:
+
+- `/config/player_initial_lives`
+- `/config/ui_properties_file_name`
+- `/config/game.properties`
+- `/config/user-interface.properties`
+
+If you want to make sure that `/config` only contains files with a
+`.properties` extension, use two different ConfigMaps, and refer to both
+ConfigMaps in the `spec` for a Pod. The first ConfigMap defines
+`player_initial_lives` and `ui_properties_file_name`. The second
+ConfigMap defines the files that the kubelet places into `/config`.
+-->
+ConfigMap 不会区分单行属性值和多行类似文件的值，重要的是 Pods 和其他对象如何使用这些值。比如，定义一个卷，并将它作为 `/config` 文件夹安装到 `demo` 容器内，并创建四个文件：
+
+- `/config/player_initial_lives`
+- `/config/ui_properties_file_name`
+- `/config/game.properties`
+- `/config/user-interface.properties`
+
+如果您要确保 `/config` 只包含带有 `.properties` 扩展名的文件，可以使用两个不同的 ConfigMaps，并在 `spec` 中同时引用这两个 ConfigMaps 来创建 Pod。第一个 ConfigMap 定义了 `player_initial_lives` 和 `ui_properties_file_name`，第二个 ConfigMap 定义了 kubelet 放进 `/config` 的文件。
+
+{{< note >}}
+<!--
+The most common way to use ConfigMaps is to configure settings for
+containers running in a Pod in the same namespace. You can also use a
+ConfigMap separately.
+
+For example, you
+might encounter {{< glossary_tooltip text="addons" term_id="addons" >}}
+or {{< glossary_tooltip text="operators" term_id="operator-pattern" >}} that
+adjust their behavior based on a ConfigMap.
+-->
+ConfigMaps 最常见的用法是为同一命名空间里的 Pod 中运行的容器配置设置。您也可以单独使用 ConfigMap。
+
+比如，您可能会遇到基于 ConfigMap 来调整其行为的 {{< glossary_tooltip text="addons" term_id="addons" >}} 或者 {{< glossary_tooltip text="operators" term_id="operator-pattern" >}}。
+{{< /note >}}
+
+
+{{% /capture %}}
+{{% capture whatsnext %}}
+
+<!--
+* Read about [Secrets](/docs/concepts/configuration/secret/).
+* Read [Configure a Pod to Use a ConfigMap](/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configure-pod-configmap/).
+* Read [The Twelve-Factor App](https://12factor.net/) to understand the motivation for
+  separating code from configuration.
+-->
+* 阅读 [Secrets](/docs/concepts/configuration/secret/)。
+* 阅读 [配置 Pod 来使用 ConfigMap](/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configure-pod-configmap/)。
+* 阅读 [Twelve-Factor 应用](https://12factor.net/) 来了解将代码和配置分开的动机。
+
+{{% /capture %}}