Update Docker version to v24.0

[yankay]

What type of PR is this?

/kind feature

What this PR does / why we need it:

Update the docker default version to 24.0

Which issue(s) this PR fixes:

Fixes #10869
Fixes #10767
Fixes CVE-2024-21626

Special notes for your reviewer:

Does this PR introduce a user-facing change?:

Update the docker default version to 24.0

[k8s-ci-robot]

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[yankay]

HI @VannTen

Would you please review the PR :-)

[ErikJiang]

Currently, there are issues with installing Docker version 23.0 on the Kylin system. The error message is as follows:

[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/os-release
NAME="Kylin Linux Advanced Server"
VERSION="V10 (Sword)"
ID="kylin"
VERSION_ID="V10"
PRETTY_NAME="Kylin Linux Advanced Server V10 (Sword)"
ANSI_COLOR="0;31"

[root@localhost ~]# dnf install docker-ce-3:23.0.6-1.el8 --enablerepo=docker-ce
Last metadata expiration check: 0:05:11 ago on Mon 05 Feb 2024 11:42:03 AM CST.
Error:
 Problem: package docker-ce-3:23.0.6-1.el8.aarch64 requires docker-ce-rootless-extras, but none of the providers can be installed
  - conflicting requests
  - nothing provides fuse-overlayfs >= 0.7 needed by docker-ce-rootless-extras-20.10.0-3.el8.aarch64
  - nothing provides slirp4netns >= 0.4 needed by docker-ce-rootless-extras-20.10.0-3.el8.aarch64
  ...

I'm not sure if this type of problem would also occur on other systems.
@yankay

[yankay]

Currently, there are issues with installing Docker version 23.0 on the Kylin system. The error message is as follows:

[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/os-release
NAME="Kylin Linux Advanced Server"
VERSION="V10 (Sword)"
ID="kylin"
VERSION_ID="V10"
PRETTY_NAME="Kylin Linux Advanced Server V10 (Sword)"
ANSI_COLOR="0;31"

[root@localhost ~]# dnf install docker-ce-3:23.0.6-1.el8 --enablerepo=docker-ce
Last metadata expiration check: 0:05:11 ago on Mon 05 Feb 2024 11:42:03 AM CST.
Error:
 Problem: package docker-ce-3:23.0.6-1.el8.aarch64 requires docker-ce-rootless-extras, but none of the providers can be installed
  - conflicting requests
  - nothing provides fuse-overlayfs >= 0.7 needed by docker-ce-rootless-extras-20.10.0-3.el8.aarch64
  - nothing provides slirp4netns >= 0.4 needed by docker-ce-rootless-extras-20.10.0-3.el8.aarch64
  ...

I'm not sure if this type of problem would also occur on other systems. @yankay

HI @ErikJiang

The PR doest not change the docker version of Kylin Linux, ref https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kubespray/blob/master/roles/container-engine/docker/vars/kylin.yml#L28.

And we can use the old version of docker 19.03 & coredns 1.10 instead. BTW, the container is more recommended than docker-ce.

[ErikJiang]

thanks @yankay

/lgtm