Adafactor fused backward pass and optimizer step, lowers SDXL (@ 1024 resolution) VRAM usage to BF16(10GB)/FP32(16.4GB)

library/adafactor_fused.py

@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+import math
+import torch
+from transformers import Adafactor
+
+@torch.no_grad()
+def adafactor_step_param(self, p, group):
+    if p.grad is None:
+        return
+    grad = p.grad
+    if grad.dtype in {torch.float16, torch.bfloat16}:
+        grad = grad.float()
+    if grad.is_sparse:
+        raise RuntimeError("Adafactor does not support sparse gradients.")
+
+    state = self.state[p]
+    grad_shape = grad.shape
+
+    factored, use_first_moment = Adafactor._get_options(group, grad_shape)
+    # State Initialization
+    if len(state) == 0:
+        state["step"] = 0
+
+        if use_first_moment:
+            # Exponential moving average of gradient values
+            state["exp_avg"] = torch.zeros_like(grad)
+        if factored:
+            state["exp_avg_sq_row"] = torch.zeros(grad_shape[:-1]).to(grad)
+            state["exp_avg_sq_col"] = torch.zeros(grad_shape[:-2] + grad_shape[-1:]).to(grad)
+        else:
+            state["exp_avg_sq"] = torch.zeros_like(grad)
+
+        state["RMS"] = 0
+    else:
+        if use_first_moment:
+            state["exp_avg"] = state["exp_avg"].to(grad)
+        if factored:
+            state["exp_avg_sq_row"] = state["exp_avg_sq_row"].to(grad)
+            state["exp_avg_sq_col"] = state["exp_avg_sq_col"].to(grad)
+        else:
+            state["exp_avg_sq"] = state["exp_avg_sq"].to(grad)
+
+    p_data_fp32 = p
+    if p.dtype in {torch.float16, torch.bfloat16}:
+        p_data_fp32 = p_data_fp32.float()
+
+    state["step"] += 1
+    state["RMS"] = Adafactor._rms(p_data_fp32)
+    lr = Adafactor._get_lr(group, state)
+
+    beta2t = 1.0 - math.pow(state["step"], group["decay_rate"])
+    update = (grad ** 2) + group["eps"][0]
+    if factored:
+        exp_avg_sq_row = state["exp_avg_sq_row"]
+        exp_avg_sq_col = state["exp_avg_sq_col"]
+
+        exp_avg_sq_row.mul_(beta2t).add_(update.mean(dim=-1), alpha=(1.0 - beta2t))
+        exp_avg_sq_col.mul_(beta2t).add_(update.mean(dim=-2), alpha=(1.0 - beta2t))
+
+        # Approximation of exponential moving average of square of gradient
+        update = Adafactor._approx_sq_grad(exp_avg_sq_row, exp_avg_sq_col)
+        update.mul_(grad)
+    else:
+        exp_avg_sq = state["exp_avg_sq"]
+
+        exp_avg_sq.mul_(beta2t).add_(update, alpha=(1.0 - beta2t))
+        update = exp_avg_sq.rsqrt().mul_(grad)
+
+    update.div_((Adafactor._rms(update) / group["clip_threshold"]).clamp_(min=1.0))
+    update.mul_(lr)
+
+    if use_first_moment:
+        exp_avg = state["exp_avg"]
+        exp_avg.mul_(group["beta1"]).add_(update, alpha=(1 - group["beta1"]))
+        update = exp_avg
+
+    if group["weight_decay"] != 0:
+        p_data_fp32.add_(p_data_fp32, alpha=(-group["weight_decay"] * lr))
+
+    p_data_fp32.add_(-update)
+
+    if p.dtype in {torch.float16, torch.bfloat16}:
+        p.copy_(p_data_fp32)
+
+
+@torch.no_grad()
+def adafactor_step(self, closure=None):
+    """
+    Performs a single optimization step
+
+    Arguments:
+        closure (callable, optional): A closure that reevaluates the model
+            and returns the loss.
+    """
+    loss = None
+    if closure is not None:
+        loss = closure()
+
+    for group in self.param_groups:
+        for p in group["params"]:
+            adafactor_step_param(self, p, group)
+
+    return loss
+
+def patch_adafactor_fused(optimizer: Adafactor):
+    optimizer.step_param = adafactor_step_param.__get__(optimizer)
+    optimizer.step = adafactor_step.__get__(optimizer)

library/train_util.py

@@ -2920,6 +2920,11 @@ def add_optimizer_arguments(parser: argparse.ArgumentParser):
         default=1,
         help="Polynomial power for polynomial scheduler / polynomialスケジューラでのpolynomial power",
     )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--fused_backward_pass",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="Combines backward pass and optimizer step to reduce VRAM usage / バックワードパスとオプティマイザステップを組み合わせてVRAMの使用量を削減します。",
+    )
 
 
 def add_training_arguments(parser: argparse.ArgumentParser, support_dreambooth: bool):
@@ -3846,6 +3851,14 @@ def get_optimizer(args, trainable_params):
         optimizer_type = "AdamW"
     optimizer_type = optimizer_type.lower()
 
+    if args.fused_backward_pass:
+        assert (
+            optimizer_type == "Adafactor".lower()
+        ), "fused_backward_pass currently only works with optimizer_type Adafactor / fused_backward_passは現在optimizer_type Adafactorでのみ機能します"
+        assert (
+            args.gradient_accumulation_steps == 1
+        ), "fused_backward_pass does not work with gradient_accumulation_steps > 1 / fused_backward_passはgradient_accumulation_steps>1では機能しません"
+
     # 引数を分解する
     optimizer_kwargs = {}
     if args.optimizer_args is not None and len(args.optimizer_args) > 0:

sdxl_train.py

@@ -430,6 +430,20 @@ def fn_recursive_set_mem_eff(module: torch.nn.Module):
             text_encoder2 = accelerator.prepare(text_encoder2)
         optimizer, train_dataloader, lr_scheduler = accelerator.prepare(optimizer, train_dataloader, lr_scheduler)
 
+    if args.fused_backward_pass:
+        import library.adafactor_fused
+        library.adafactor_fused.patch_adafactor_fused(optimizer)
+        for param_group in optimizer.param_groups:
+            for parameter in param_group["params"]:
+                if parameter.requires_grad:
+                    def __grad_hook(tensor: torch.Tensor, param_group=param_group):
+                        if accelerator.sync_gradients and args.max_grad_norm != 0.0:
+                            accelerator.clip_grad_norm_(tensor, args.max_grad_norm)
+                        optimizer.step_param(tensor, param_group)
+                        tensor.grad = None
+
+                    parameter.register_post_accumulate_grad_hook(__grad_hook)
+
     # TextEncoderの出力をキャッシュするときにはCPUへ移動する
     if args.cache_text_encoder_outputs:
         # move Text Encoders for sampling images. Text Encoder doesn't work on CPU with fp16
@@ -619,13 +633,16 @@ def fn_recursive_set_mem_eff(module: torch.nn.Module):
                     loss = train_util.conditional_loss(noise_pred.float(), target.float(), reduction="mean", loss_type=args.loss_type, huber_c=huber_c)
 
                 accelerator.backward(loss)
-                if accelerator.sync_gradients and args.max_grad_norm != 0.0:
-                    params_to_clip = []
-                    for m in training_models:
-                        params_to_clip.extend(m.parameters())
-                    accelerator.clip_grad_norm_(params_to_clip, args.max_grad_norm)
 
-                optimizer.step()
+                if not args.fused_backward_pass:
+                    if accelerator.sync_gradients and args.max_grad_norm != 0.0:
+                        params_to_clip = []
+                        for m in training_models:
+                            params_to_clip.extend(m.parameters())
+                        accelerator.clip_grad_norm_(params_to_clip, args.max_grad_norm)
+
+                    optimizer.step()
+
                 lr_scheduler.step()
                 optimizer.zero_grad(set_to_none=True)