Implement Block range merkelization for Cardano transactions

[jpraynaud]

Content

This PR includes the implementation of a merkelized map aka MKMap:

• It takes keys such as BlockRange (also implemented in the PR) that implements the MKMapKey trait
• And it takes values such as MKMap, MKTree or MKTreeNode (each represented as variants of a MKMapNode enum which implements the MKMapValue trait)
• The keys and values are recursively provable which allows to built multi layers of Merkelization for improved commitment and proof generation
• The MKMap also allows to:
  • Replace an existing value by an equivalent (i.e. same commitment) value
  • Insert a new value (provided the associated key is strictly greater than the existing keys) without recomputing completely the underlying Merkle tree
• The implementation of the MKTree has also been enhanced:
  • Remove the need to create the underlying MKTreeStore externally
  • Allow instantiation from Into<MKTreeNode> instances
• Also some benchmarks have been implemented for both the MKMap and the MKTree

Benchmarks

Run with:

• 50 transactions per block
• block range length of 15
• 100M transactions
• Proofs generated/verified for 100 transactions in 100 different block ranges
• 100 samples

Signature generation:

~250ms

Proof generation:

~300ms

Proof verification:

~300µs

Pre-submit checklist

• Branch
  • Tests are provided (if possible)
  • Crates versions are updated (if relevant)
  • Commit sequence broadly makes sense
  • Key commits have useful messages
• PR
  • No clippy warnings in the CI
  • Self-reviewed the diff
  • Useful pull request description
  • Reviewer requested

Issue(s)

Closes #1533

[github-actions]

Test Results

    3 files  ± 0     42 suites  ±0   8m 41s ⏱️ ±0s
  945 tests +19    945 ✅ +19  0 💤 ±0  0 ❌ ±0 
1 039 runs  +19  1 039 ✅ +19  0 💤 ±0  0 ❌ ±0 

Results for commit dfbad9d. ± Comparison against base commit ffe19a9.

This pull request removes 1 and adds 20 tests. Note that renamed tests count towards both.

mithril-common ‑ messages::cardano_transactions_proof::tests::verify_hashes_from_verified_cardano_transaction_and_from_signable_builder_are_equals

mithril-common ‑ crypto_helper::merkle_map::tests::test_mk_map_should_accept_replacement_with_same_root_value
mithril-common ‑ crypto_helper::merkle_map::tests::test_mk_map_should_clone_and_compute_same_root
mithril-common ‑ crypto_helper::merkle_map::tests::test_mk_map_should_compute_and_verify_valid_proof
mithril-common ‑ crypto_helper::merkle_map::tests::test_mk_map_should_compute_and_verify_valid_proof_recursively
mithril-common ‑ crypto_helper::merkle_map::tests::test_mk_map_should_compute_same_root_when_replacing_entry_with_equivalent
mithril-common ‑ crypto_helper::merkle_map::tests::test_mk_map_should_find_value_correctly
mithril-common ‑ crypto_helper::merkle_map::tests::test_mk_map_should_list_keys_correctly
mithril-common ‑ crypto_helper::merkle_map::tests::test_mk_map_should_list_values_correctly
mithril-common ‑ crypto_helper::merkle_map::tests::test_mk_map_should_not_compute_proof_for_no_leaves
mithril-common ‑ crypto_helper::merkle_map::tests::test_mk_map_should_reject_out_of_order_insertion
…

♻️ This comment has been updated with latest results.

[sfauvel]

Its a good job. Just a few comments.