Improve UniFi Protect re-auth

[AngellusMortis]

Proposed change

UniFi OS is issuing unexpected 401s now. Only some users get them, but they seem to be some form of rate limiting. As a result, this uses HA's built in exponential backoff for retrying config entry setup to retry and existing config entry since it might be getting rate limited.

Type of change

• Dependency upgrade
• Bugfix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New integration (thank you!)
• New feature (which adds functionality to an existing integration)
• Deprecation (breaking change to happen in the future)
• Breaking change (fix/feature causing existing functionality to break)
• Code quality improvements to existing code or addition of tests

Additional information

• This PR fixes or closes issue: fixes #
• This PR is related to issue:
• Link to documentation pull request:

Checklist

• The code change is tested and works locally.
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• Tests have been added to verify that the new code works.

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[home-assistant]

Hey there @bdraco, mind taking a look at this pull request as it has been labeled with an integration (unifiprotect) you are listed as a code owner for? Thanks!

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[bdraco]

Can be tested as a CC with

cd /config
curl -o- -sSL https://gist.githubusercontent.com/bdraco/43f8043cb04b9838383fd71353e99b18/raw/core_integration_pr | bash /dev/stdin -d unifiprotect -p 110021

I'll come back and tag this one for backport once we have confirmation its fixed

I still need to test it myself but I've been swamped investigating release issues so I haven't had a chance yet

[bdraco]

I've run this for a few weeks without issues