fix!: drop python 2.7 support

CONTRIBUTING.rst

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ In order to add a feature:
   documentation.
 
 - The feature must work fully on the following CPython versions:
-  2.7, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8 and 3.9 on both UNIX and Windows.
+  3.6, 3.7, 3.8 and 3.9 on both UNIX and Windows.
 
 - The feature must not add unnecessary dependencies (where
   "unnecessary" is of course subjective, but new dependencies should
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ Running System Tests
 
   .. note::
 
-      System tests are only configured to run under Python 2.7 and 3.8.
+      System tests are only configured to run under Python 3.8.
       For expediency, we do not run them in older versions of Python 3.
 
   This alone will not run the tests. You'll need to change some local
@@ -221,13 +221,11 @@ Supported Python Versions
 
 We support:
 
--  `Python 2.7`_
 -  `Python 3.6`_
 -  `Python 3.7`_
 -  `Python 3.8`_
 -  `Python 3.9`_
 
-.. _Python 2.7: https://docs.python.org/2.7/
 .. _Python 3.6: https://docs.python.org/3.6/
 .. _Python 3.7: https://docs.python.org/3.7/
 .. _Python 3.8: https://docs.python.org/3.8/
@@ -239,7 +237,7 @@ Supported versions can be found in our ``noxfile.py`` `config`_.
 .. _config: https://github.com/googleapis/python-cloud-core/blob/master/noxfile.py
 
 
-We also explicitly decided to support Python 3 beginning with version 2.7.
+We also explicitly decided to support Python 3 beginning with version 3.6.
 Reasons for this include:
 
 -  Encouraging use of newest versions of Python 3

README.rst

@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ Supported Python Versions
 -------------------------
 Python >= 3.6
 
-Deprecated Python Versions
---------------------------
-Python == 2.7. Python 2.7 support will be removed on January 1, 2020.
+Unsupported Python Versions
+---------------------------
+Python == 2.7: the last version of this library which supported Python 2.7
+is ``google.cloud.core 1.7.2``.

google/cloud/_helpers.py

@@ -21,13 +21,11 @@
 
 import calendar
 import datetime
+import http.client
 import os
 import re
 from threading import local as Local
 
-import six
-from six.moves import http_client
-
 import google.auth
 import google.auth.transport.requests
 from google.protobuf import duration_pb2
@@ -41,6 +39,9 @@
 
 
 _NOW = datetime.datetime.utcnow  # To be replaced by tests.
+UTC = datetime.timezone.utc  # Singleton instance to be used throughout.
+_EPOCH = datetime.datetime(1970, 1, 1, tzinfo=datetime.timezone.utc)
+
 _RFC3339_MICROS = "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%fZ"
 _RFC3339_NO_FRACTION = "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S"
 _TIMEONLY_W_MICROS = "%H:%M:%S.%f"
@@ -111,41 +112,6 @@ def top(self):
             return self._stack[-1]
 
 
-class _UTC(datetime.tzinfo):
-    """Basic UTC implementation.
-
-    Implementing a small surface area to avoid depending on ``pytz``.
-    """
-
-    _dst = datetime.timedelta(0)
-    _tzname = "UTC"
-    _utcoffset = _dst
-
-    def dst(self, dt):  # pylint: disable=unused-argument
-        """Daylight savings time offset."""
-        return self._dst
-
-    def fromutc(self, dt):
-        """Convert a timestamp from (naive) UTC to this timezone."""
-        if dt.tzinfo is None:
-            return dt.replace(tzinfo=self)
-        return super(_UTC, self).fromutc(dt)
-
-    def tzname(self, dt):  # pylint: disable=unused-argument
-        """Get the name of this timezone."""
-        return self._tzname
-
-    def utcoffset(self, dt):  # pylint: disable=unused-argument
-        """UTC offset of this timezone."""
-        return self._utcoffset
-
-    def __repr__(self):
-        return "<%s>" % (self._tzname,)
-
-    def __str__(self):
-        return self._tzname
-
-
 def _ensure_tuple_or_list(arg_name, tuple_or_list):
     """Ensures an input is a tuple or list.
 
@@ -344,9 +310,6 @@ def _datetime_to_rfc3339(value, ignore_zone=True):
 def _to_bytes(value, encoding="ascii"):
     """Converts a string value to bytes, if necessary.
 
-    Unfortunately, ``six.b`` is insufficient for this task since in
-    Python2 it does not modify ``unicode`` objects.
-
     :type value: str / bytes or unicode
     :param value: The string/bytes value to be converted.
 
@@ -363,8 +326,8 @@ def _to_bytes(value, encoding="ascii"):
               in if it started out as bytes.
     :raises TypeError: if the value could not be converted to bytes.
     """
-    result = value.encode(encoding) if isinstance(value, six.text_type) else value
-    if isinstance(result, six.binary_type):
+    result = value.encode(encoding) if isinstance(value, str) else value
+    if isinstance(result, bytes):
         return result
     else:
         raise TypeError("%r could not be converted to bytes" % (value,))
@@ -382,8 +345,8 @@ def _bytes_to_unicode(value):
 
     :raises ValueError: if the value could not be converted to unicode.
     """
-    result = value.decode("utf-8") if isinstance(value, six.binary_type) else value
-    if isinstance(result, six.text_type):
+    result = value.decode("utf-8") if isinstance(value, bytes) else value
+    if isinstance(result, str):
         return result
     else:
         raise ValueError("%r could not be converted to unicode" % (value,))
@@ -559,7 +522,7 @@ def make_secure_channel(credentials, user_agent, host, extra_options=()):
     :rtype: :class:`grpc._channel.Channel`
     :returns: gRPC secure channel with credentials attached.
     """
-    target = "%s:%d" % (host, http_client.HTTPS_PORT)
+    target = "%s:%d" % (host, http.client.HTTPS_PORT)
     http_request = google.auth.transport.requests.Request()
 
     user_agent_option = ("grpc.primary_user_agent", user_agent)
@@ -621,16 +584,7 @@ def make_insecure_stub(stub_class, host, port=None):
     if port is None:
         target = host
     else:
-        # NOTE: This assumes port != http_client.HTTPS_PORT:
+        # NOTE: This assumes port != http.client.HTTPS_PORT:
         target = "%s:%d" % (host, port)
     channel = grpc.insecure_channel(target)
     return stub_class(channel)
-
-
-try:
-    from pytz import UTC  # pylint: disable=unused-import,wrong-import-order
-except ImportError:  # pragma: NO COVER
-    UTC = _UTC()  # Singleton instance to be used throughout.
-
-# Need to define _EPOCH at the end of module since it relies on UTC.
-_EPOCH = datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp(0).replace(tzinfo=UTC)

google/cloud/_http.py

@@ -15,18 +15,13 @@
 """Shared implementation of connections to API servers."""
 
 import collections
-
-try:
-    import collections.abc as collections_abc
-except ImportError:  # Python2
-    import collections as collections_abc
+import collections.abc
 import json
 import os
 import platform
+from urllib.parse import urlencode
 import warnings
 
-from six.moves.urllib.parse import urlencode
-
 from google.api_core.client_info import ClientInfo
 from google.cloud import exceptions
 from google.cloud import version
@@ -263,7 +258,7 @@ def build_api_url(
 
         query_params = query_params or {}
 
-        if isinstance(query_params, collections_abc.Mapping):
+        if isinstance(query_params, collections.abc.Mapping):
             query_params = query_params.copy()
         else:
             query_params_dict = collections.defaultdict(list)

google/cloud/_testing.py

@@ -117,10 +117,6 @@ def __init__(self, *pages, **kwargs):
         self._pages = iter(pages)
         self.page_token = kwargs.get("page_token")
 
-    def next(self):
+    def __next__(self):
         """Iterate to the next page."""
-        import six
-
-        return six.next(self._pages)
-
-    __next__ = next
+        return next(self._pages)

google/cloud/client.py

@@ -19,8 +19,6 @@
 import os
 from pickle import PicklingError
 
-import six
-
 import google.api_core.client_options
 import google.api_core.exceptions
 import google.auth
@@ -271,10 +269,10 @@ def __init__(self, project=None, credentials=None):
                 "determined from the environment."
             )
 
-        if isinstance(project, six.binary_type):
+        if isinstance(project, bytes):
             project = project.decode("utf-8")
 
-        if not isinstance(project, six.string_types):
+        if not isinstance(project, str):
             raise ValueError("Project must be a string.")
 
         self.project = project

google/cloud/version.py

@@ -12,4 +12,4 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
-__version__ = "1.7.2"
+__version__ = "2.0.0b1"

noxfile.py

@@ -60,9 +60,7 @@ def default(session):
     )
 
     # Install all test dependencies, then install local packages in-place.
-    session.install(
-        "mock", "pytest", "pytest-cov", "grpcio >= 1.0.2", "-c", constraints_path
-    )
+    session.install("pytest", "pytest-cov", "grpcio >= 1.0.2", "-c", constraints_path)
     session.install("-e", ".", "-c", constraints_path)
 
     # Run py.test against the unit tests.
@@ -80,7 +78,7 @@ def default(session):
     )
 
 
-@nox.session(python=["2.7", "3.6", "3.7", "3.8", "3.9"])
+@nox.session(python=["3.6", "3.7", "3.8", "3.9"])
 def unit(session):
     """Default unit test session."""
     default(session)

owlbot.py

@@ -14,8 +14,6 @@
 
 """This script is used to synthesize generated parts of this library."""
 
-import re
-
 import synthtool as s
 from synthtool import gcp
 
@@ -24,7 +22,7 @@
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Add templated files
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-templated_files = common.py_library(cov_level=100)
+templated_files = common.py_library(microgenerator=True, cov_level=100)
 s.move(
     templated_files,
     excludes=[

setup.py

@@ -28,11 +28,8 @@
 # 'Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable'
 release_status = "Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable"
 dependencies = [
-    "google-api-core >= 1.21.0, < 2.0.0dev",
-    "google-auth >= 1.24.0, < 2.0dev",
-    # Support six==1.12.0 due to App Engine standard runtime.
-    # https://github.com/googleapis/python-cloud-core/issues/45
-    "six >=1.12.0",
+    "google-api-core >= 1.21.0, < 3.0.0dev",
+    "google-auth >= 1.24.0, < 3.0dev",
 ]
 extras = {"grpc": "grpcio >= 1.8.2, < 2.0dev"}
 
@@ -76,8 +73,6 @@
         "Intended Audience :: Developers",
         "License :: OSI Approved :: Apache Software License",
         "Programming Language :: Python",
-        "Programming Language :: Python :: 2",
-        "Programming Language :: Python :: 2.7",
         "Programming Language :: Python :: 3",
         "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6",
         "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7",
@@ -91,7 +86,7 @@
     namespace_packages=namespaces,
     install_requires=dependencies,
     extras_require=extras,
-    python_requires=">=2.7,!=3.0.*,!=3.1.*,!=3.2.*,!=3.3.*,!=3.4.*,!=3.5.*",
+    python_requires=">=3.6",
     include_package_data=True,
     zip_safe=False,
 )

testing/constraints-3.6.txt

@@ -6,5 +6,4 @@
 # e.g., if setup.py has "foo >= 1.14.0, < 2.0.0dev",
 # Then this file should have foo==1.14.0
 google-api-core==1.21.0
-six==1.12.0
-grpcio==1.8.2
+grpcio==1.8.2