fix: update minimum dependency versions (#263)

This PR updates the minimum dependency versions to match those that I
found to be actually runnable. Updates tests to use constraint files so
that at least one test session uses these minimum versions.

Thank you for opening a Pull Request! Before submitting your PR, there are a few things you can do to make sure it goes smoothly:
- [x] Make sure to open an issue as a [bug/issue](https://github.com/googleapis/python-bigquery/issues/new/choose) before writing your code!
  - Based on internal Python Client Library Testing Improvements docs.
  - In response to internal bug 166792569 covering insufficient pyarrow minimum dependency.
- [x] Ensure the tests and linter pass
- [x] Code coverage does not decrease (if any source code was changed)
- [x] Appropriate docs were updated (if necessary)

noxfile.py

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 
 from __future__ import absolute_import
 
+import pathlib
 import os
 import shutil
 
@@ -22,6 +23,7 @@
 
 BLACK_VERSION = "black==19.10b0"
 BLACK_PATHS = ("docs", "google", "samples", "tests", "noxfile.py", "setup.py")
+CURRENT_DIRECTORY = pathlib.Path(__file__).parent.absolute()
 
 
 def default(session):
@@ -32,27 +34,33 @@ def default(session):
     Python corresponding to the ``nox`` binary the ``PATH`` can
     run the tests.
     """
+    constraints_path = str(
+        CURRENT_DIRECTORY / "testing" / f"constraints-{session.python}.txt"
+    )
+
     # Install all test dependencies, then install local packages in-place.
     session.install(
-        "mock", "pytest", "google-cloud-testutils", "pytest-cov", "freezegun"
+        "mock",
+        "pytest",
+        "google-cloud-testutils",
+        "pytest-cov",
+        "freezegun",
+        "-c",
+        constraints_path,
     )
-    session.install("grpcio")
-
-    # fastparquet is not included in .[all] because, in general, it's redundant
-    # with pyarrow. We still want to run some unit tests with fastparquet
-    # serialization, though.
-    session.install("-e", ".[all,fastparquet]")
 
-    # IPython does not support Python 2 after version 5.x
     if session.python == "2.7":
-        session.install("ipython==5.5")
+        # The [all] extra is not installable on Python 2.7.
+        session.install("-e", ".[pandas,pyarrow]", "-c", constraints_path)
+    elif session.python == "3.5":
+        session.install("-e", ".[all]", "-c", constraints_path)
     else:
-        session.install("ipython")
+        # fastparquet is not included in .[all] because, in general, it's
+        # redundant with pyarrow. We still want to run some unit tests with
+        # fastparquet serialization, though.
+        session.install("-e", ".[all,fastparquet]", "-c", constraints_path)
 
-    # opentelemetry was not added to [all] because opentelemetry does not support Python 2.
-    # Exporter does not need to be in nox thus it has been added to README documentation
-    if session.python != "2.7":
-        session.install("-e", ".[opentelemetry]")
+    session.install("ipython", "-c", constraints_path)
 
     # Run py.test against the unit tests.
     session.run(
@@ -79,6 +87,10 @@ def unit(session):
 def system(session):
     """Run the system test suite."""
 
+    constraints_path = str(
+        CURRENT_DIRECTORY / "testing" / f"constraints-{session.python}.txt"
+    )
+
     # Check the value of `RUN_SYSTEM_TESTS` env var. It defaults to true.
     if os.environ.get("RUN_SYSTEM_TESTS", "true") == "false":
         session.skip("RUN_SYSTEM_TESTS is set to false, skipping")
@@ -88,18 +100,21 @@ def system(session):
         session.skip("Credentials must be set via environment variable.")
 
     # Use pre-release gRPC for system tests.
-    session.install("--pre", "grpcio")
+    session.install("--pre", "grpcio", "-c", constraints_path)
 
     # Install all test dependencies, then install local packages in place.
-    session.install("mock", "pytest", "psutil", "google-cloud-testutils")
-    session.install("google-cloud-storage")
-    session.install("-e", ".[all]")
+    session.install(
+        "mock", "pytest", "psutil", "google-cloud-testutils", "-c", constraints_path
+    )
+    session.install("google-cloud-storage", "-c", constraints_path)
 
-    # IPython does not support Python 2 after version 5.x
     if session.python == "2.7":
-        session.install("ipython==5.5")
+        # The [all] extra is not installable on Python 2.7.
+        session.install("-e", ".[pandas]", "-c", constraints_path)
     else:
-        session.install("ipython")
+        session.install("-e", ".[all]", "-c", constraints_path)
+
+    session.install("ipython", "-c", constraints_path)
 
     # Run py.test against the system tests.
     session.run(
@@ -111,15 +126,24 @@ def system(session):
 def snippets(session):
     """Run the snippets test suite."""
 
+    constraints_path = str(
+        CURRENT_DIRECTORY / "testing" / f"constraints-{session.python}.txt"
+    )
+
     # Sanity check: Only run snippets tests if the environment variable is set.
     if not os.environ.get("GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS", ""):
         session.skip("Credentials must be set via environment variable.")
 
     # Install all test dependencies, then install local packages in place.
-    session.install("mock", "pytest", "google-cloud-testutils")
-    session.install("google-cloud-storage")
-    session.install("grpcio")
-    session.install("-e", ".[all]")
+    session.install("mock", "pytest", "google-cloud-testutils", "-c", constraints_path)
+    session.install("google-cloud-storage", "-c", constraints_path)
+    session.install("grpcio", "-c", constraints_path)
+
+    if session.python == "2.7":
+        # The [all] extra is not installable on Python 2.7.
+        session.install("-e", ".[pandas]", "-c", constraints_path)
+    else:
+        session.install("-e", ".[all]", "-c", constraints_path)
 
     # Run py.test against the snippets tests.
     # Skip tests in samples/snippets, as those are run in a different session

samples/snippets/jupyter_tutorial_test.py

@@ -11,12 +11,12 @@
 # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
-import IPython
-from IPython.terminal import interactiveshell
-from IPython.testing import tools
-import matplotlib
 import pytest
 
+IPython = pytest.importorskip("IPython")
+interactiveshell = pytest.importorskip("IPython.terminal.interactiveshell")
+tools = pytest.importorskip("IPython.testing.tools")
+matplotlib = pytest.importorskip("matplotlib")
 
 # Ignore semicolon lint warning because semicolons are used in notebooks
 # flake8: noqa E703

samples/tests/test_download_public_data.py

@@ -14,8 +14,12 @@
 
 import logging
 
+import pytest
+
 from .. import download_public_data
 
+pytest.importorskip("google.cloud.bigquery_storage_v1")
+
 
 def test_download_public_data(caplog, capsys):
     # Enable debug-level logging to verify the BigQuery Storage API is used.

samples/tests/test_download_public_data_sandbox.py

@@ -14,8 +14,12 @@
 
 import logging
 
+import pytest
+
 from .. import download_public_data_sandbox
 
+pytest.importorskip("google.cloud.bigquery_storage_v1")
+
 
 def test_download_public_data_sandbox(caplog, capsys):
     # Enable debug-level logging to verify the BigQuery Storage API is used.

samples/tests/test_query_to_arrow.py

@@ -12,10 +12,12 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
-import pyarrow
+import pytest
 
 from .. import query_to_arrow
 
+pyarrow = pytest.importorskip("pyarrow")
+
 
 def test_query_to_arrow(capsys,):
 

setup.py

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
     'enum34; python_version < "3.4"',
     "google-api-core >= 1.21.0, < 2.0dev",
     "google-cloud-core >= 1.4.1, < 2.0dev",
-    "google-resumable-media >= 0.5.0, < 2.0dev",
+    "google-resumable-media >= 0.6.0, < 2.0dev",
     "six >=1.13.0,< 2.0.0dev",
 ]
 extras = {
@@ -41,18 +41,19 @@
         # Due to an issue in pip's dependency resolver, the `grpc` extra is not
         # installed, even though `google-cloud-bigquery-storage` specifies it
         # as `google-api-core[grpc]`. We thus need to explicitly specify it here.
-        # See: https://github.com/googleapis/python-bigquery/issues/83
-        "grpcio >= 1.8.2, < 2.0dev",
-        "pyarrow >= 1.0.0, < 2.0dev; python_version >= '3.5'",
+        # See: https://github.com/googleapis/python-bigquery/issues/83 The
+        # grpc.Channel.close() method isn't added until 1.32.0.
+        # https://github.com/grpc/grpc/pull/15254
+        "grpcio >= 1.32.0, < 2.0dev",
+        "pyarrow >= 1.0.0, < 2.0dev",
     ],
-    "pandas": ["pandas>=0.17.1"],
-    # Exclude PyArrow dependency from Windows Python 2.7.
+    "pandas": ["pandas>=0.23.0"],
     "pyarrow": [
-        "pyarrow >= 1.0.0, < 2.0dev; python_version >= '3.5'",
-        # Pyarrow >= 0.17.0 is not compatible with Python 2 anymore.
-        "pyarrow < 0.17.0; python_version < '3.0' and platform_system != 'Windows'",
+        # pyarrow 1.0.0 is required for the use of timestamp_as_object keyword.
+        "pyarrow >= 1.0.0, < 2.0de ; python_version>='3.5'",
+        "pyarrow >= 0.16.0, < 0.17.0dev ; python_version<'3.5'",
     ],
-    "tqdm": ["tqdm >= 4.0.0, <5.0.0dev"],
+    "tqdm": ["tqdm >= 4.7.4, <5.0.0dev"],
     "fastparquet": [
         "fastparquet",
         "python-snappy",
@@ -77,8 +78,6 @@
         # creates a dependency on pre-release versions of numpy. See:
         # https://github.com/googleapis/google-cloud-python/issues/8549
         "fastparquet",
-        # Skip opentelemetry because the library is not compatible with Python 2.
-        "opentelemetry",
     ):
         continue
     all_extras.extend(extras[extra])

testing/constraints-2.7.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+google-api-core==1.21.0
+google-cloud-core==1.4.1
+google-cloud-storage==1.30.0
+google-resumable-media==0.6.0
+ipython==5.5
+pandas==0.23.0
+pyarrow==0.16.0
+six==1.13.0
+tqdm==4.7.4

testing/constraints-3.5.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+google-api-core==1.21.0
+google-cloud-bigquery-storage==1.0.0
+google-cloud-core==1.4.1
+google-resumable-media==0.6.0
+google-cloud-storage==1.30.0
+grpcio==1.32.0
+ipython==5.5
+# pandas 0.23.0 is the first version to work with pyarrow to_pandas.
+pandas==0.23.0
+pyarrow==1.0.0
+six==1.13.0
+tqdm==4.7.4

tests/system.py

@@ -64,6 +64,7 @@
 
 from google.api_core.exceptions import PreconditionFailed
 from google.api_core.exceptions import BadRequest
+from google.api_core.exceptions import ClientError
 from google.api_core.exceptions import Conflict
 from google.api_core.exceptions import Forbidden
 from google.api_core.exceptions import GoogleAPICallError
@@ -130,9 +131,17 @@
 )
 
 PANDAS_MINIMUM_VERSION = pkg_resources.parse_version("1.0.0")
-PANDAS_INSTALLED_VERSION = pkg_resources.get_distribution("pandas").parsed_version
 PYARROW_MINIMUM_VERSION = pkg_resources.parse_version("0.17.0")
-PYARROW_INSTALLED_VERSION = pkg_resources.get_distribution("pyarrow").parsed_version
+
+if pandas:
+    PANDAS_INSTALLED_VERSION = pkg_resources.get_distribution("pandas").parsed_version
+else:
+    PANDAS_INSTALLED_VERSION = None
+
+if pyarrow:
+    PYARROW_INSTALLED_VERSION = pkg_resources.get_distribution("pyarrow").parsed_version
+else:
+    PYARROW_INSTALLED_VERSION = None
 
 
 def _has_rows(result):
@@ -1312,9 +1321,9 @@ def test_load_table_from_file_w_explicit_location(self):
         self.assertEqual("EU", load_job.location)
 
         # Cannot cancel the job from the US.
-        with self.assertRaises(NotFound):
+        with self.assertRaises(ClientError):
             client.cancel_job(job_id, location="US")
-        with self.assertRaises(NotFound):
+        with self.assertRaises(ClientError):
             load_job_us.cancel()
 
         # Can list the table rows.
@@ -2897,7 +2906,7 @@ def test_bigquery_magic():
         LIMIT 10
     """
     with io.capture_output() as captured:
-        result = ip.run_cell_magic("bigquery", "", sql)
+        result = ip.run_cell_magic("bigquery", "--use_rest_api", sql)
 
     conn_count_end = len(current_process.connections())
 

tests/unit/test__pandas_helpers.py

@@ -773,6 +773,26 @@ def test_dataframe_to_bq_schema_dict_sequence(module_under_test):
     assert returned_schema == expected_schema
 
 
+@pytest.mark.skipif(pandas is None, reason="Requires `pandas`")
+@pytest.mark.skipif(not six.PY2, reason="Requires Python 2.7")
+def test_dataframe_to_bq_schema_w_struct_raises_py27(module_under_test):
+    dataframe = pandas.DataFrame(
+        data=[{"struct_field": {"int_col": 1}}, {"struct_field": {"int_col": 2}}]
+    )
+    bq_schema = [
+        schema.SchemaField(
+            "struct_field",
+            field_type="STRUCT",
+            fields=[schema.SchemaField("int_col", field_type="INT64")],
+        ),
+    ]
+
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError) as excinfo:
+        module_under_test.dataframe_to_bq_schema(dataframe, bq_schema=bq_schema)
+
+    assert "struct (record) column types is not supported" in str(excinfo.value)
+
+
 @pytest.mark.skipif(pandas is None, reason="Requires `pandas`")
 @pytest.mark.skipif(isinstance(pyarrow, mock.Mock), reason="Requires `pyarrow`")
 def test_dataframe_to_arrow_with_multiindex(module_under_test):

tests/unit/test_client.py

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@
     pyarrow = None
 
 import google.api_core.exceptions
-from google.api_core.gapic_v1 import client_info
+from google.api_core import client_info
 import google.cloud._helpers
 from google.cloud import bigquery_v2
 from google.cloud.bigquery.dataset import DatasetReference

tests/unit/test_dbapi_connection.py

@@ -41,9 +41,11 @@ def _mock_client(self):
         return mock_client
 
     def _mock_bqstorage_client(self):
-        from google.cloud.bigquery_storage_v1 import client
-
-        mock_client = mock.create_autospec(client.BigQueryReadClient)
+        if bigquery_storage_v1 is None:
+            return None
+        mock_client = mock.create_autospec(
+            bigquery_storage_v1.client.BigQueryReadClient
+        )
         mock_client.transport = mock.Mock(spec=["channel"])
         mock_client.transport.channel = mock.Mock(spec=["close"])
         return mock_client
@@ -127,6 +129,9 @@ def test_raises_error_if_closed(self):
             ):
                 getattr(connection, method)()
 
+    @unittest.skipIf(
+        bigquery_storage_v1 is None, "Requires `google-cloud-bigquery-storage`"
+    )
     def test_close_closes_all_created_bigquery_clients(self):
         client = self._mock_client()
         bqstorage_client = self._mock_bqstorage_client()
@@ -147,6 +152,9 @@ def test_close_closes_all_created_bigquery_clients(self):
         self.assertTrue(client.close.called)
         self.assertTrue(bqstorage_client.transport.channel.close.called)
 
+    @unittest.skipIf(
+        bigquery_storage_v1 is None, "Requires `google-cloud-bigquery-storage`"
+    )
     def test_close_does_not_close_bigquery_clients_passed_to_it(self):
         client = self._mock_client()
         bqstorage_client = self._mock_bqstorage_client()