First: formatNumber uses numberFormatProperties for parsing the pattern into usable properties. However, it seems that the results of parsing are not memoized - which means that the parsing happens every time a number is formatted. This is not optimal as it makes no sense re-parse the same pattern over and over again.
Second: it seems there is currently no way of getting the results of the parsed pattern, ie properties. I am building an application, where the results could prove quite useful - I want to use it in conjunction with the jquery autoNumeric plugin (scroll down for settings) which expects information about the number format as "properties" instead of a string.