C++: Disable _some_ constant folding in IR

cpp/ql/lib/semmle/code/cpp/ir/implementation/aliased_ssa/constant/ConstantAnalysis.qll

@@ -38,6 +38,12 @@ private int getBinaryInstructionValue(BinaryInstruction instr) {
     or
     instr instanceof DivInstruction and result = div(left, right)
     or
+    instr instanceof BitOrInstruction and result = bitOr(left, right)
+    or
+    instr instanceof BitAndInstruction and result = bitAnd(left, right)
+    or
+    instr instanceof BitXorInstruction and result = bitXor(left, right)
+    or
     instr instanceof CompareEQInstruction and result = compareEQ(left, right)
     or
     instr instanceof CompareNEInstruction and result = compareNE(left, right)

cpp/ql/lib/semmle/code/cpp/ir/implementation/raw/constant/ConstantAnalysis.qll

@@ -38,6 +38,12 @@ private int getBinaryInstructionValue(BinaryInstruction instr) {
     or
     instr instanceof DivInstruction and result = div(left, right)
     or
+    instr instanceof BitOrInstruction and result = bitOr(left, right)
+    or
+    instr instanceof BitAndInstruction and result = bitAnd(left, right)
+    or
+    instr instanceof BitXorInstruction and result = bitXor(left, right)
+    or
     instr instanceof CompareEQInstruction and result = compareEQ(left, right)
     or
     instr instanceof CompareNEInstruction and result = compareNE(left, right)

cpp/ql/lib/semmle/code/cpp/ir/implementation/raw/internal/TranslatedElement.qll

@@ -40,12 +40,43 @@ IRTempVariable getIRTempVariable(Locatable ast, TempVariableTag tag) {
   result.getTag() = tag
 }
 
+/** Gets an operand of `op`. */
+private Expr getAnOperand(Operation op) { result = op.getAnOperand() }
+
+/**
+ * Gets the number of nested operands of `op`. For example,
+ * `getNumberOfNestedBinaryOperands((1 + 2) + 3))` is `3`.
+ */
+private int getNumberOfNestedBinaryOperands(Operation op) { result = count(getAnOperand*(op)) }
+
+/**
+ * Holds if `op` should not be translated to a `ConstantInstruction` as part of
+ * IR generation, even if the value of `op` is constant.
+ */
+private predicate ignoreConstantValue(Operation op) {
+  op instanceof BitwiseAndExpr
+  or
+  op instanceof BitwiseOrExpr
+  or
+  op instanceof BitwiseXorExpr
+}
+
 /**
  * Holds if `expr` is a constant of a type that can be replaced directly with
  * its value in the IR. This does not include address constants as we have no
  * means to express those as QL values.
  */
-predicate isIRConstant(Expr expr) { exists(expr.getValue()) }
+predicate isIRConstant(Expr expr) {
+  exists(expr.getValue()) and
+  // We avoid constant folding certain operations since it's often useful to
+  // mark one of those as a source in dataflow, and if the operation is
+  // constant folded it's not possible to mark its operands as a source (or
+  // sink).
+  // But to avoid creating an outrageous amount of IR from very large
+  // constant expressions we fall back to constant folding if the operation
+  // has more than 50 operands (i.e., 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + ... + 50)
+  if ignoreConstantValue(expr) then getNumberOfNestedBinaryOperands(expr) > 50 else any()
+}
 
 // Pulled out for performance. See
 // https://github.com/github/codeql-coreql-team/issues/1044.

cpp/ql/lib/semmle/code/cpp/ir/implementation/unaliased_ssa/constant/ConstantAnalysis.qll

@@ -38,6 +38,12 @@ private int getBinaryInstructionValue(BinaryInstruction instr) {
     or
     instr instanceof DivInstruction and result = div(left, right)
     or
+    instr instanceof BitOrInstruction and result = bitOr(left, right)
+    or
+    instr instanceof BitAndInstruction and result = bitAnd(left, right)
+    or
+    instr instanceof BitXorInstruction and result = bitXor(left, right)
+    or
     instr instanceof CompareEQInstruction and result = compareEQ(left, right)
     or
     instr instanceof CompareNEInstruction and result = compareNE(left, right)

cpp/ql/lib/semmle/code/cpp/ir/internal/IntegerPartial.qll

@@ -89,6 +89,18 @@ int compareLE(int a, int b) { if a <= b then result = 1 else result = 0 }
 bindingset[a, b]
 int compareGE(int a, int b) { if a >= b then result = 1 else result = 0 }
 
+/** Returns `a | b`. */
+bindingset[a, b]
+int bitOr(int a, int b) { result = a.bitOr(b) }
+
+/** Returns `a & b`. */
+bindingset[a, b]
+int bitAnd(int a, int b) { result = a.bitAnd(b) }
+
+/** Returns `a ^ b`. */
+bindingset[a, b]
+int bitXor(int a, int b) { result = a.bitXor(b) }
+
 /**
  * Returns `-a`. If the negation would overflow, there is no result.
  */

cpp/ql/test/library-tests/ir/ir/aliased_ir.expected

@@ -15135,6 +15135,36 @@ ir.cpp:
 # 2374|     v2374_7(void)          = AliasedUse                 : m2374_3
 # 2374|     v2374_8(void)          = ExitFunction               : 
 
+# 2381| int small_operation_should_not_be_constant_folded()
+# 2381|   Block 0
+# 2381|     v2381_1(void)       = EnterFunction            : 
+# 2381|     m2381_2(unknown)    = AliasedDefinition        : 
+# 2381|     m2381_3(unknown)    = InitializeNonLocal       : 
+# 2381|     m2381_4(unknown)    = Chi                      : total:m2381_2, partial:m2381_3
+# 2382|     r2382_1(glval<int>) = VariableAddress[#return] : 
+# 2382|     r2382_2(int)        = Constant[1]              : 
+# 2382|     r2382_3(int)        = Constant[2]              : 
+# 2382|     r2382_4(int)        = BitXor                   : r2382_2, r2382_3
+# 2382|     m2382_5(int)        = Store[#return]           : &:r2382_1, r2382_4
+# 2381|     r2381_5(glval<int>) = VariableAddress[#return] : 
+# 2381|     v2381_6(void)       = ReturnValue              : &:r2381_5, m2382_5
+# 2381|     v2381_7(void)       = AliasedUse               : m2381_3
+# 2381|     v2381_8(void)       = ExitFunction             : 
+
+# 2392| int large_operation_should_be_constant_folded()
+# 2392|   Block 0
+# 2392|     v2392_1(void)       = EnterFunction            : 
+# 2392|     m2392_2(unknown)    = AliasedDefinition        : 
+# 2392|     m2392_3(unknown)    = InitializeNonLocal       : 
+# 2392|     m2392_4(unknown)    = Chi                      : total:m2392_2, partial:m2392_3
+# 2393|     r2393_1(glval<int>) = VariableAddress[#return] : 
+# 2393|     r2393_2(int)        = Constant[0]              : 
+# 2393|     m2393_3(int)        = Store[#return]           : &:r2393_1, r2393_2
+# 2392|     r2392_5(glval<int>) = VariableAddress[#return] : 
+# 2392|     v2392_6(void)       = ReturnValue              : &:r2392_5, m2393_3
+# 2392|     v2392_7(void)       = AliasedUse               : m2392_3
+# 2392|     v2392_8(void)       = ExitFunction             : 
+
 perf-regression.cpp:
 #    6| void Big::Big()
 #    6|   Block 0

cpp/ql/test/library-tests/ir/ir/ir.cpp

@@ -2378,4 +2378,19 @@ namespace return_routine_type {
 
 }
 
+int small_operation_should_not_be_constant_folded() {
+    return 1 ^ 2;
+}
+
+#define BINOP2(x) (x ^ x)
+#define BINOP4(x) (BINOP2(x) ^ BINOP2(x))
+#define BINOP8(x) (BINOP4(x) ^ BINOP4(x))
+#define BINOP16(x) (BINOP8(x) ^ BINOP8(x))
+#define BINOP32(x) (BINOP16(x) ^ BINOP16(x))
+#define BINOP64(x) (BINOP32(x) ^ BINOP32(x))
+
+int large_operation_should_be_constant_folded() {
+    return BINOP64(1);
+}
+
 // semmle-extractor-options: -std=c++20 --clang

cpp/ql/test/library-tests/ir/ir/operand_locations.expected

@@ -12530,6 +12530,22 @@
 | ir.cpp:2374:32:2374:47 | SideEffect | m2374_3 |
 | ir.cpp:2376:9:2376:44 | Address | &:r2376_1 |
 | ir.cpp:2376:16:2376:43 | StoreValue | r2376_2 |
+| ir.cpp:2381:5:2381:49 | Address | &:r2381_5 |
+| ir.cpp:2381:5:2381:49 | ChiPartial | partial:m2381_3 |
+| ir.cpp:2381:5:2381:49 | ChiTotal | total:m2381_2 |
+| ir.cpp:2381:5:2381:49 | Load | m2382_5 |
+| ir.cpp:2381:5:2381:49 | SideEffect | m2381_3 |
+| ir.cpp:2382:5:2382:17 | Address | &:r2382_1 |
+| ir.cpp:2382:12:2382:12 | Left | r2382_2 |
+| ir.cpp:2382:12:2382:16 | StoreValue | r2382_4 |
+| ir.cpp:2382:16:2382:16 | Right | r2382_3 |
+| ir.cpp:2392:5:2392:45 | Address | &:r2392_5 |
+| ir.cpp:2392:5:2392:45 | ChiPartial | partial:m2392_3 |
+| ir.cpp:2392:5:2392:45 | ChiTotal | total:m2392_2 |
+| ir.cpp:2392:5:2392:45 | Load | m2393_3 |
+| ir.cpp:2392:5:2392:45 | SideEffect | m2392_3 |
+| ir.cpp:2393:5:2393:22 | Address | &:r2393_1 |
+| ir.cpp:2393:12:2393:21 | StoreValue | r2393_2 |
 | perf-regression.cpp:6:3:6:5 | Address | &:r6_5 |
 | perf-regression.cpp:6:3:6:5 | Address | &:r6_5 |
 | perf-regression.cpp:6:3:6:5 | Address | &:r6_7 |

cpp/ql/test/library-tests/ir/ir/raw_ir.expected

@@ -13977,6 +13977,34 @@ ir.cpp:
 # 2374|     v2374_6(void)          = AliasedUse                 : ~m?
 # 2374|     v2374_7(void)          = ExitFunction               : 
 
+# 2381| int small_operation_should_not_be_constant_folded()
+# 2381|   Block 0
+# 2381|     v2381_1(void)       = EnterFunction            : 
+# 2381|     mu2381_2(unknown)   = AliasedDefinition        : 
+# 2381|     mu2381_3(unknown)   = InitializeNonLocal       : 
+# 2382|     r2382_1(glval<int>) = VariableAddress[#return] : 
+# 2382|     r2382_2(int)        = Constant[1]              : 
+# 2382|     r2382_3(int)        = Constant[2]              : 
+# 2382|     r2382_4(int)        = BitXor                   : r2382_2, r2382_3
+# 2382|     mu2382_5(int)       = Store[#return]           : &:r2382_1, r2382_4
+# 2381|     r2381_4(glval<int>) = VariableAddress[#return] : 
+# 2381|     v2381_5(void)       = ReturnValue              : &:r2381_4, ~m?
+# 2381|     v2381_6(void)       = AliasedUse               : ~m?
+# 2381|     v2381_7(void)       = ExitFunction             : 
+
+# 2392| int large_operation_should_be_constant_folded()
+# 2392|   Block 0
+# 2392|     v2392_1(void)       = EnterFunction            : 
+# 2392|     mu2392_2(unknown)   = AliasedDefinition        : 
+# 2392|     mu2392_3(unknown)   = InitializeNonLocal       : 
+# 2393|     r2393_1(glval<int>) = VariableAddress[#return] : 
+# 2393|     r2393_2(int)        = Constant[0]              : 
+# 2393|     mu2393_3(int)       = Store[#return]           : &:r2393_1, r2393_2
+# 2392|     r2392_4(glval<int>) = VariableAddress[#return] : 
+# 2392|     v2392_5(void)       = ReturnValue              : &:r2392_4, ~m?
+# 2392|     v2392_6(void)       = AliasedUse               : ~m?
+# 2392|     v2392_7(void)       = ExitFunction             : 
+
 perf-regression.cpp:
 #    6| void Big::Big()
 #    6|   Block 0