Missing linked library?

[fehmud]

I cannot build CppFormat with Clang on GNU/Linux. Maybe the build file is missing a link to libpthread? I don't know CMake, otherwise I would have given a look on my own. Below is the log. Thank you for your attention.

$ make
Scanning dependencies of target format
[  3%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/format.dir/format.cc.o
[  7%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/format.dir/posix.cc.o
Linking CXX static library libformat.a
[  7%] Built target format
Scanning dependencies of target gmock
[ 11%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/gmock.dir/gmock/gmock-gtest-all.cc.o
Linking CXX static library libgmock.a
[ 11%] Built target gmock
Scanning dependencies of target test-main
[ 14%] Building CXX object test/CMakeFiles/test-main.dir/test-main.cc.o
[ 18%] Building CXX object test/CMakeFiles/test-main.dir/gtest-extra.cc.o
[ 22%] Building CXX object test/CMakeFiles/test-main.dir/util.cc.o
Linking CXX static library libtest-main.a
[ 22%] Built target test-main
Scanning dependencies of target format-impl-test
[ 25%] Building CXX object test/CMakeFiles/format-impl-test.dir/format-impl-test.cc.o
Linking CXX executable ../bin/format-impl-test
../libgmock.a(gmock-gtest-all.cc.o): In function `testing::internal::ThreadLocal<std::vector<testing::internal::TraceInfo, std::allocator<testing::internal::TraceInfo> > >::~ThreadLocal()':
/home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0/gmock/gmock-gtest-all.cc:(.text._ZN7testing8internal11ThreadLocalISt6vectorINS0_9TraceInfoESaIS3_EEED2Ev[_ZN7testing8internal11ThreadLocalISt6vectorINS0_9TraceInfoESaIS3_EEED2Ev]+0x15): undefined reference to `pthread_getspecific'
/home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0/gmock/gmock-gtest-all.cc:(.text._ZN7testing8internal11ThreadLocalISt6vectorINS0_9TraceInfoESaIS3_EEED2Ev[_ZN7testing8internal11ThreadLocalISt6vectorINS0_9TraceInfoESaIS3_EEED2Ev]+0x2e): undefined reference to `pthread_key_delete'
../libgmock.a(gmock-gtest-all.cc.o): In function `testing::internal::ThreadLocal<testing::TestPartResultReporterInterface*>::~ThreadLocal()':
/home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0/gmock/gmock-gtest-all.cc:(.text._ZN7testing8internal11ThreadLocalIPNS_31TestPartResultReporterInterfaceEED2Ev[_ZN7testing8internal11ThreadLocalIPNS_31TestPartResultReporterInterfaceEED2Ev]+0xb): undefined reference to `pthread_getspecific'
/home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0/gmock/gmock-gtest-all.cc:(.text._ZN7testing8internal11ThreadLocalIPNS_31TestPartResultReporterInterfaceEED2Ev[_ZN7testing8internal11ThreadLocalIPNS_31TestPartResultReporterInterfaceEED2Ev]+0x20): undefined reference to `pthread_key_delete'
../libgmock.a(gmock-gtest-all.cc.o): In function `testing::internal::ThreadLocal<testing::Sequence*>::~ThreadLocal()':
/home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0/gmock/gmock-gtest-all.cc:(.text._ZN7testing8internal11ThreadLocalIPNS_8SequenceEED2Ev[_ZN7testing8internal11ThreadLocalIPNS_8SequenceEED2Ev]+0xb): undefined reference to `pthread_getspecific'
/home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0/gmock/gmock-gtest-all.cc:(.text._ZN7testing8internal11ThreadLocalIPNS_8SequenceEED2Ev[_ZN7testing8internal11ThreadLocalIPNS_8SequenceEED2Ev]+0x20): undefined reference to `pthread_key_delete'
../libgmock.a(gmock-gtest-all.cc.o): In function `testing::internal::ThreadLocal<testing::Sequence*>::GetOrCreateValue() const':
/home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0/gmock/gmock-gtest-all.cc:(.text._ZNK7testing8internal11ThreadLocalIPNS_8SequenceEE16GetOrCreateValueEv[_ZNK7testing8internal11ThreadLocalIPNS_8SequenceEE16GetOrCreateValueEv]+0x9): undefined reference to `pthread_getspecific'
/home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0/gmock/gmock-gtest-all.cc:(.text._ZNK7testing8internal11ThreadLocalIPNS_8SequenceEE16GetOrCreateValueEv[_ZNK7testing8internal11ThreadLocalIPNS_8SequenceEE16GetOrCreateValueEv]+0x49): undefined reference to `pthread_setspecific'
../libgmock.a(gmock-gtest-all.cc.o): In function `testing::internal::ThreadLocal<testing::Sequence*>::CreateKey()':
/home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0/gmock/gmock-gtest-all.cc:(.text._ZN7testing8internal11ThreadLocalIPNS_8SequenceEE9CreateKeyEv[_ZN7testing8internal11ThreadLocalIPNS_8SequenceEE9CreateKeyEv]+0x10): undefined reference to `pthread_key_create'
../libgmock.a(gmock-gtest-all.cc.o): In function `testing::internal::ThreadLocal<std::vector<testing::internal::TraceInfo, std::allocator<testing::internal::TraceInfo> > >::CreateKey()':
/home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0/gmock/gmock-gtest-all.cc:(.text._ZN7testing8internal11ThreadLocalISt6vectorINS0_9TraceInfoESaIS3_EEE9CreateKeyEv[_ZN7testing8internal11ThreadLocalISt6vectorINS0_9TraceInfoESaIS3_EEE9CreateKeyEv]+0x10): undefined reference to `pthread_key_create'
../libgmock.a(gmock-gtest-all.cc.o): In function `testing::internal::ThreadLocal<testing::TestPartResultReporterInterface*>::CreateKey()':
/home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0/gmock/gmock-gtest-all.cc:(.text._ZN7testing8internal11ThreadLocalIPNS_31TestPartResultReporterInterfaceEE9CreateKeyEv[_ZN7testing8internal11ThreadLocalIPNS_31TestPartResultReporterInterfaceEE9CreateKeyEv]+0x10): undefined reference to `pthread_key_create'
../libgmock.a(gmock-gtest-all.cc.o): In function `testing::internal::ThreadLocal<testing::TestPartResultReporterInterface*>::GetOrCreateValue() const':
/home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0/gmock/gmock-gtest-all.cc:(.text._ZNK7testing8internal11ThreadLocalIPNS_31TestPartResultReporterInterfaceEE16GetOrCreateValueEv[_ZNK7testing8internal11ThreadLocalIPNS_31TestPartResultReporterInterfaceEE16GetOrCreateValueEv]+0x9): undefined reference to `pthread_getspecific'
/home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0/gmock/gmock-gtest-all.cc:(.text._ZNK7testing8internal11ThreadLocalIPNS_31TestPartResultReporterInterfaceEE16GetOrCreateValueEv[_ZNK7testing8internal11ThreadLocalIPNS_31TestPartResultReporterInterfaceEE16GetOrCreateValueEv]+0x49): undefined reference to `pthread_setspecific'
../libgmock.a(gmock-gtest-all.cc.o): In function `testing::internal::ThreadLocal<std::vector<testing::internal::TraceInfo, std::allocator<testing::internal::TraceInfo> > >::GetOrCreateValue() const':
/home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0/gmock/gmock-gtest-all.cc:(.text._ZNK7testing8internal11ThreadLocalISt6vectorINS0_9TraceInfoESaIS3_EEE16GetOrCreateValueEv[_ZNK7testing8internal11ThreadLocalISt6vectorINS0_9TraceInfoESaIS3_EEE16GetOrCreateValueEv]+0xe): undefined reference to `pthread_getspecific'
/home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0/gmock/gmock-gtest-all.cc:(.text._ZNK7testing8internal11ThreadLocalISt6vectorINS0_9TraceInfoESaIS3_EEE16GetOrCreateValueEv[_ZNK7testing8internal11ThreadLocalISt6vectorINS0_9TraceInfoESaIS3_EEE16GetOrCreateValueEv]+0xcc): undefined reference to `pthread_setspecific'
clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
test/CMakeFiles/format-impl-test.dir/build.make:88: recipe for target 'bin/format-impl-test' failed
make[2]: *** [bin/format-impl-test] Error 1
CMakeFiles/Makefile2:180: recipe for target 'test/CMakeFiles/format-impl-test.dir/all' failed
make[1]: *** [test/CMakeFiles/format-impl-test.dir/all] Error 2
Makefile:126: recipe for target 'all' failed
make: *** [all] Error 2

[vitaut]

Thanks for the bug report. Could you please post the full output of CMake run on a clean repository and output of make VERBOSE=1?

[fehmud]

CMake

-- CMake version: 3.2.3
-- The C compiler identification is Clang 3.5.0
-- The CXX compiler identification is Clang 3.5.0
-- Check for working C compiler: /usr/bin/clang
-- Check for working C compiler: /usr/bin/clang -- works
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info - done
-- Detecting C compile features
-- Detecting C compile features - done
-- Check for working CXX compiler: /usr/bin/clang++
-- Check for working CXX compiler: /usr/bin/clang++ -- works
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done
-- Detecting CXX compile features
-- Detecting CXX compile features - done
-- Build type: Release
-- Performing Test HAVE_STD_CPP11_FLAG
-- Performing Test HAVE_STD_CPP11_FLAG - Success
-- Looking for open
-- Looking for open - found
-- Target 'doc' disabled (requires breathe module)
-- Looking for include file pthread.h
-- Looking for include file pthread.h - not found
-- Could NOT find Threads (missing:  Threads_FOUND) 
-- Performing Test FMT_VARIADIC_TEMPLATES
-- Performing Test FMT_VARIADIC_TEMPLATES - Success
-- Performing Test FMT_INITIALIZER_LIST
-- Performing Test FMT_INITIALIZER_LIST - Failed
-- Performing Test HAVE_TYPE_TRAITS
-- Performing Test HAVE_TYPE_TRAITS - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_FNO_EXCEPTIONS_FLAG
-- Performing Test HAVE_FNO_EXCEPTIONS_FLAG - Success
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0/build

make VERBOSE=1

/opt/cmake/cmake-3.2.3-Linux-x86_64/bin/cmake -H/home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0 -B/home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0/build --check-build-system CMakeFiles/Makefile.cmake 0
/opt/cmake/cmake-3.2.3-Linux-x86_64/bin/cmake -E cmake_progress_start /home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0/build/CMakeFiles /home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0/build/CMakeFiles/progress.marks
make -f CMakeFiles/Makefile2 all
make[1]: Entering directory '/home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0/build'
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make[2]: Entering directory '/home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0/build'
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Dependee "/home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0/build/CMakeFiles/CMakeDirectoryInformation.cmake" is newer than depender "/home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0/build/CMakeFiles/format.dir/depend.internal".
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Dependee "/home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0/build/CMakeFiles/CMakeDirectoryInformation.cmake" is newer than depender "/home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0/build/CMakeFiles/gmock.dir/depend.internal".
�[35m�[1mScanning dependencies of target gmock
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�[0mcd /home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0/build/test && /usr/bin/clang++   -DFMT_USE_FILE_DESCRIPTORS=1 -DFMT_USE_TYPE_TRAITS=1 -DGTEST_LANG_CXX11=0 -DGTEST_USE_OWN_TR1_TUPLE=1 -O3 -DNDEBUG -I/home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0/. -I/home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0/gmock    -o CMakeFiles/format-impl-test.dir/format-impl-test.cc.o -c /home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0/test/format-impl-test.cc
�[31m�[1mLinking CXX executable ../bin/format-impl-test
�[0mcd /home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0/build/test && /opt/cmake/cmake-3.2.3-Linux-x86_64/bin/cmake -E cmake_link_script CMakeFiles/format-impl-test.dir/link.txt --verbose=1
/usr/bin/clang++   -O3 -DNDEBUG   CMakeFiles/format-impl-test.dir/format-impl-test.cc.o  -o ../bin/format-impl-test -rdynamic libtest-main.a ../libformat.a ../libgmock.a 
../libgmock.a(gmock-gtest-all.cc.o): In function `testing::internal::ThreadLocal<std::vector<testing::internal::TraceInfo, std::allocator<testing::internal::TraceInfo> > >::~ThreadLocal()':
/home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0/gmock/gmock-gtest-all.cc:(.text._ZN7testing8internal11ThreadLocalISt6vectorINS0_9TraceInfoESaIS3_EEED2Ev[_ZN7testing8internal11ThreadLocalISt6vectorINS0_9TraceInfoESaIS3_EEED2Ev]+0x15): undefined reference to `pthread_getspecific'
/home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0/gmock/gmock-gtest-all.cc:(.text._ZN7testing8internal11ThreadLocalISt6vectorINS0_9TraceInfoESaIS3_EEED2Ev[_ZN7testing8internal11ThreadLocalISt6vectorINS0_9TraceInfoESaIS3_EEED2Ev]+0x2e): undefined reference to `pthread_key_delete'
../libgmock.a(gmock-gtest-all.cc.o): In function `testing::internal::ThreadLocal<testing::TestPartResultReporterInterface*>::~ThreadLocal()':
/home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0/gmock/gmock-gtest-all.cc:(.text._ZN7testing8internal11ThreadLocalIPNS_31TestPartResultReporterInterfaceEED2Ev[_ZN7testing8internal11ThreadLocalIPNS_31TestPartResultReporterInterfaceEED2Ev]+0xb): undefined reference to `pthread_getspecific'
/home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0/gmock/gmock-gtest-all.cc:(.text._ZN7testing8internal11ThreadLocalIPNS_31TestPartResultReporterInterfaceEED2Ev[_ZN7testing8internal11ThreadLocalIPNS_31TestPartResultReporterInterfaceEED2Ev]+0x20): undefined reference to `pthread_key_delete'
../libgmock.a(gmock-gtest-all.cc.o): In function `testing::internal::ThreadLocal<testing::Sequence*>::~ThreadLocal()':
/home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0/gmock/gmock-gtest-all.cc:(.text._ZN7testing8internal11ThreadLocalIPNS_8SequenceEED2Ev[_ZN7testing8internal11ThreadLocalIPNS_8SequenceEED2Ev]+0xb): undefined reference to `pthread_getspecific'
/home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0/gmock/gmock-gtest-all.cc:(.text._ZN7testing8internal11ThreadLocalIPNS_8SequenceEED2Ev[_ZN7testing8internal11ThreadLocalIPNS_8SequenceEED2Ev]+0x20): undefined reference to `pthread_key_delete'
../libgmock.a(gmock-gtest-all.cc.o): In function `testing::internal::ThreadLocal<testing::Sequence*>::GetOrCreateValue() const':
/home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0/gmock/gmock-gtest-all.cc:(.text._ZNK7testing8internal11ThreadLocalIPNS_8SequenceEE16GetOrCreateValueEv[_ZNK7testing8internal11ThreadLocalIPNS_8SequenceEE16GetOrCreateValueEv]+0x9): undefined reference to `pthread_getspecific'
/home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0/gmock/gmock-gtest-all.cc:(.text._ZNK7testing8internal11ThreadLocalIPNS_8SequenceEE16GetOrCreateValueEv[_ZNK7testing8internal11ThreadLocalIPNS_8SequenceEE16GetOrCreateValueEv]+0x49): undefined reference to `pthread_setspecific'
../libgmock.a(gmock-gtest-all.cc.o): In function `testing::internal::ThreadLocal<testing::Sequence*>::CreateKey()':
/home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0/gmock/gmock-gtest-all.cc:(.text._ZN7testing8internal11ThreadLocalIPNS_8SequenceEE9CreateKeyEv[_ZN7testing8internal11ThreadLocalIPNS_8SequenceEE9CreateKeyEv]+0x10): undefined reference to `pthread_key_create'
../libgmock.a(gmock-gtest-all.cc.o): In function `testing::internal::ThreadLocal<std::vector<testing::internal::TraceInfo, std::allocator<testing::internal::TraceInfo> > >::CreateKey()':
/home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0/gmock/gmock-gtest-all.cc:(.text._ZN7testing8internal11ThreadLocalISt6vectorINS0_9TraceInfoESaIS3_EEE9CreateKeyEv[_ZN7testing8internal11ThreadLocalISt6vectorINS0_9TraceInfoESaIS3_EEE9CreateKeyEv]+0x10): undefined reference to `pthread_key_create'
../libgmock.a(gmock-gtest-all.cc.o): In function `testing::internal::ThreadLocal<testing::TestPartResultReporterInterface*>::CreateKey()':
/home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0/gmock/gmock-gtest-all.cc:(.text._ZN7testing8internal11ThreadLocalIPNS_31TestPartResultReporterInterfaceEE9CreateKeyEv[_ZN7testing8internal11ThreadLocalIPNS_31TestPartResultReporterInterfaceEE9CreateKeyEv]+0x10): undefined reference to `pthread_key_create'
../libgmock.a(gmock-gtest-all.cc.o): In function `testing::internal::ThreadLocal<testing::TestPartResultReporterInterface*>::GetOrCreateValue() const':
/home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0/gmock/gmock-gtest-all.cc:(.text._ZNK7testing8internal11ThreadLocalIPNS_31TestPartResultReporterInterfaceEE16GetOrCreateValueEv[_ZNK7testing8internal11ThreadLocalIPNS_31TestPartResultReporterInterfaceEE16GetOrCreateValueEv]+0x9): undefined reference to `pthread_getspecific'
/home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0/gmock/gmock-gtest-all.cc:(.text._ZNK7testing8internal11ThreadLocalIPNS_31TestPartResultReporterInterfaceEE16GetOrCreateValueEv[_ZNK7testing8internal11ThreadLocalIPNS_31TestPartResultReporterInterfaceEE16GetOrCreateValueEv]+0x49): undefined reference to `pthread_setspecific'
../libgmock.a(gmock-gtest-all.cc.o): In function `testing::internal::ThreadLocal<std::vector<testing::internal::TraceInfo, std::allocator<testing::internal::TraceInfo> > >::GetOrCreateValue() const':
/home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0/gmock/gmock-gtest-all.cc:(.text._ZNK7testing8internal11ThreadLocalISt6vectorINS0_9TraceInfoESaIS3_EEE16GetOrCreateValueEv[_ZNK7testing8internal11ThreadLocalISt6vectorINS0_9TraceInfoESaIS3_EEE16GetOrCreateValueEv]+0xe): undefined reference to `pthread_getspecific'
/home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0/gmock/gmock-gtest-all.cc:(.text._ZNK7testing8internal11ThreadLocalISt6vectorINS0_9TraceInfoESaIS3_EEE16GetOrCreateValueEv[_ZNK7testing8internal11ThreadLocalISt6vectorINS0_9TraceInfoESaIS3_EEE16GetOrCreateValueEv]+0xcc): undefined reference to `pthread_setspecific'
clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
test/CMakeFiles/format-impl-test.dir/build.make:88: recipe for target 'bin/format-impl-test' failed
make[2]: *** [bin/format-impl-test] Error 1
make[2]: Leaving directory '/home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0/build'
CMakeFiles/Makefile2:180: recipe for target 'test/CMakeFiles/format-impl-test.dir/all' failed
make[1]: *** [test/CMakeFiles/format-impl-test.dir/all] Error 2
make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/egarrulo/Downloads/cppformat-1.1.0/build'
Makefile:126: recipe for target 'all' failed
make: *** [all] Error 2

[vitaut]

Thanks for the build logs. Looks like CMake cannot find pthreads:

-- Looking for include file pthread.h
-- Looking for include file pthread.h - not found
-- Could NOT find Threads (missing:  Threads_FOUND) 

Do you have pthreads installed?

[fehmud]

I think so: if I compile a .cpp file with #include "pthread.h", it compiles, with no additional include directories for clang++.

By the way, why does CMake generate a Makefile if some requirements are missing? Since CMake didn't fail, I thought that that was an optional requirement.

[vitaut]

By the way, why does CMake generate a Makefile if some requirements are missing? Since CMake didn't fail, I thought that that was an optional requirement.

Good point. I've adjusted the CMake config so that the project compiles even if pthreads are missing: 7859f81.

But it is strange that CMake cannot find pthread.h. Where is this file located on your system?

[fehmud]

/usr/include/pthread.h. It looks like a standard path..

I've adjusted the CMake config so that the project compiles even if pthreads are missing

Hence, is pthread.h needed or not? Does CppFormat builds two versions of the library: single-threaded and multi-threaded? Sorry, but I am new in developing C++ on GNU/Linux.

[fehmud]

However, now CMake finds the header, but not a required function:

-- Looking for include file pthread.h
-- Looking for include file pthread.h - found
-- Looking for pthread_create
-- Looking for pthread_create - not found
-- Looking for pthread_create in pthreads
-- Looking for pthread_create in pthreads - not found

[vitaut]

Hence, is pthread.h needed or not? Does CppFormat builds two versions of the library: single-threaded and multi-threaded?

pthread.h is not needed any more. There is only one version of the library and it doesn't require pthreads, the latter is only optionally used by Google Test. So you can ignore pthreads-related messages from CMake.

[fehmud]

Now the build works and the tests are successful.

Thanks for your assistance.

[vitaut]

Cool, thanks for the update.