fix: avoid using internal empty attribute.Set pointer (open-telemetry…

…#34903)

**Description:** <Describe what has changed.>
<!--Ex. Fixing a bug - Describe the bug and how this fixes the issue.
Ex. Adding a feature - Explain what this achieves.-->

Data race condition when using the internal empty `attribute.Set`
concurrently. Code changed to prevent using the internal attribute.Set
instance.


**Link to tracking Issue:** <Issue number if applicable>
open-telemetry#34882

**Testing:** <Describe what testing was performed and which tests were
added.>
Same tests, race condition failures should be fixed. 

**Documentation:** <Describe the documentation added.>

.chloggen/fix_set_data_race.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# Use this changelog template to create an entry for release notes.
+
+# One of 'breaking', 'deprecation', 'new_component', 'enhancement', 'bug_fix'
+change_type: 'bug_fix'
+
+# The name of the component, or a single word describing the area of concern, (e.g. filelogreceiver)
+component: geoipprocessor
+
+# A brief description of the change.  Surround your text with quotes ("") if it needs to start with a backtick (`).
+note: Avoid using internal empty attribute.Set pointer
+
+# Mandatory: One or more tracking issues related to the change. You can use the PR number here if no issue exists.
+issues: [34882]
+
+# (Optional) One or more lines of additional information to render under the primary note.
+# These lines will be padded with 2 spaces and then inserted directly into the document.
+# Use pipe (|) for multiline entries.
+subtext:
+
+# If your change doesn't affect end users or the exported elements of any package,
+# you should instead start your pull request title with [chore] or use the "Skip Changelog" label.
+# Optional: The change log or logs in which this entry should be included.
+# e.g. '[user]' or '[user, api]'
+# Include 'user' if the change is relevant to end users.
+# Include 'api' if there is a change to a library API.
+# Default: '[user]'
+change_logs: []

processor/geoipprocessor/geoip_processor.go

@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ func ipFromAttributes(attributes []attribute.Key, resource pcommon.Map) (net.IP,
 // geoLocation fetches geolocation information for the given IP address using the configured providers.
 // It returns a set of attributes containing the geolocation data, or an error if the location could not be determined.
 func (g *geoIPProcessor) geoLocation(ctx context.Context, ip net.IP) (attribute.Set, error) {
-	allAttributes := attribute.EmptySet()
+	allAttributes := &attribute.Set{}
 	for _, provider := range g.providers {
 		geoAttributes, err := provider.Location(ctx, ip)
 		if err != nil {