[WIP: to be split up] Improving readability and reliability: cross-refs, hyperref, grammar, clarifications, extra references, URLs added for existing refs; list of maths symbols; fixed formatting e.g. subscripts to \mathrm font; archive links; readme: omitted yellowpaper.io and added more details e.g. on how to build.

Biblio.bib

@@ -1,42 +1,211 @@
-@Misc{cryptoeprint:2013:881,
-	Note = {{http://eprint.iacr.org/}},
-	Url = {{Cryptology ePrint Archive, Report 2013/881}},
-	author = {Sompolinsky, Yonatan and Zohar, Aviv},
-	title = {{Accelerating Bitcoin{'}s Transaction Processing. Fast Money Grows on Trees, Not Chains}},
-	year = {{2013}},
+@misc{Codetract,
+	title = "Hardfork countdown",
+	url = "https://fork.codetract.io/",
+	note = "\url{https://web.archive.org/web/20171020024113/https://fork.codetract.io/}",
+	year = "2017",
+	publisher = "CodeTract,"
+}
+
+@misc{EtherscanBlock4370000,
+	title = "Block 4370000",
+	url = "https://etherscan.io/block/4370000",
+	note = "\url{https://web.archive.org/web/20171020022711/https://etherscan.io/block/4370000}",
+	year = "2017",
+	publisher = "Etherscan",
+}
+
+@misc{EthdocsPRroadmap,
+	title = {{Milestones of the Ethereum development roadmap}},
+	url = "https://github.com/jamesray1/homestead-guide/blob/32d2fa4ccfa3d45f8493a673a08247450d55fea0/source/introduction/the-homestead-release.rst",
+	year = "2017",
+	publisher = "Github",
+}
+
+@misc{EthblogDevRoadmap,
+	title = {{The Ethereum Launch Process}},
+	url = "https://blog.ethereum.org/2015/03/03/ethereum-launch-process/",
+	note = "\url{https://web.archive.org/web/20171020025922/https://blog.ethereum.org/2015/03/03/ethereum-launch-process/}",
+	year = "2015",
+	publisher = "Ethereum Blog",
+}
+
+@misc{EthblogByzantiumHFAnnouncement,
+	title = {{Byzantium HF Announcement}},
+	url = "https://blog.ethereum.org/2017/10/12/byzantium-hf-announcement/",
+	note = "\url{https://web.archive.org/web/20171020023532/https://blog.ethereum.org/2017/10/12/byzantium-hf-announcement/}",
+	year = "2017",
+	publisher = "Ethereum Blog",
+}
+
+@article{THOMPSON200620,
+	title = "Moore's law: the future of Si microelectronics",
+	journal = "Materials Today",
+	volume = "9",
+	number = "6",
+	pages = "20 - 25",
+	year = "2006",
+	issn = "1369-7021",
+	doi = "https://doi.org/10.1016/S1369-7021(06)71539-5",
+	url = "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369702106715395",
+	author = "Scott E. Thompson
+and Srivatsan Parthasarathy",
+}
+
+@misc{Keccak,
+	url = "https://keccak.team/keccak.html",
+	note = "Accessed 6 October 2017. Unable to be archived by the Wayback Machine.",
+	author = "Guido Bertoni
+and Joan Daemen
+and Michaël Peeters
+and Gilles Van Assche
+and Ronny Van Keer",
+	title = {{KECCAK}},
+	year = "2017",
+}
+
+@misc{Mist,
+	url = "https://github.com/ethereum/mist/releases/tag/0.8.0",
+	note = "Published on 8 July 2016, accessed 30 September 2017, \url{https://web.archive.org/web/20170930071729/https://github.com/ethereum/mist/releases/tag/0.8.0}.",
+	author = "Fabian Vogelsteller
+and Alex Van de Sande
+and Everton Fraga
+and Ramesh Nair
+and Luca Zeug",
+	year = "2016",
+	publisher = "Github",
+	title = "Mist release 0.8.0",
+}
+
+@misc{commitdateforEthash,
+	url = "https://github.com/ethereum/yellowpaper/commit/77a8cf2428ce245bf6e2c39c5e652ba58a278666#commitcomment-24644869",
+	note = {{Last modified on 4 May 2015. Not able to be archived by the Wayback Machine, since the saved page doesn't load showing the cited change and comment. The change is available here: \url{https://drive.google.com/open?id=0B6erNjejWCBwajJLR2FnRWotTFk} in this folder of screenshots of the commit the change is in here: \url{https://drive.google.com/open?id=0B6erNjejWCBwaUFISUJMWjRtRHc}}},
+	author = "Christoph Jentzsch",
+	year = "2015",
+	publisher = "Github",
+	title = "Commit date for Ethash",
+}
+
+@Inbook{Courtois2014,
+	author="Courtois, Nicolas T.
+and Grajek, Marek
+and Naik, Rahul",
+	editor="Kotulski, Zbigniew
+and Ksi{\k{e}}{\.{z}}opolski, Bogdan
+and Mazur, Katarzyna",
+	title="Optimizing SHA256 in Bitcoin Mining",
+	bookTitle="Cryptography and Security Systems: Third International Conference, CSS 2014, Lublin, Poland, September 22-24, 2014. Proceedings",
+	year="2014",
+	publisher="Springer Berlin Heidelberg",
+	address="Berlin, Heidelberg",
+	pages="131--144",
+abstract="Bitcoin is a ``crypto currency'', a decentralized electronic payment scheme based on cryptography. It implements a particular type of peer-to-peer payment system. Bitcoin depends on well-known cryptographic standards such as SHA-256. In this paper we revisit the cryptographic process which allows one to make money by producing new bitcoins. We reformulate this problem as a specific sort of Constrained Input Small Output (CISO) hashing problem and reduce the problem to a pure block cipher problem, cf. Fig. 1. We estimate the speed of this process and we show that the amortized cost of this process is less than it seems and it depends on a certain cryptographic constant which is estimated to be at most 1.89. These optimizations enable bitcoin miners to save countless millions of dollars per year in electricity bills.",
+	isbn="978-3-662-44893-9",
+	doi="10.1007/978-3-662-44893-9_12",
+	url="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44893-9_12"
+}
+
+@book{ASICSmithMJS,
+	title = {{Application-Specific Integrated Circuits}},
+	author = "Smith, Michael John Sebastian",
+	publisher = "Addison-Wesley",
+	year = "1997",
+	ISBN = "0201500221",
+	note = "Available here: \url{https://www.slideshare.net/nhKhanhNguyn/michael-john-sebastian-smith-applicationspecific-integrated-circuitsaddisonwesley-professional-1997-1}, which is not able to be archived by the Wayback Machine, but is available here: \url{https://drive.google.com/open?id=0B6erNjejWCBwbTc1RmFLV1BlZlE}. A preview is also available at \url{https://www.amazon.com/Application-Specific-Integrated-Circuits-Michael-Smith/dp/0321602757}, with the archive: 
+\url{https://web.archive.org/web/20170929041938/https://www.amazon.com/Application-Specific-Integrated-Circuits-Michael-Smith/dp/0321602757}.",
+}
+
+@Book{zbMATH01748069,
+    Author = {B.A. {Davey}
+and H.A. {Priestley}},
+    Title = {{Introduction to lattices and order. 2nd ed.}},
+    Edition = {2nd ed.},
+    ISBN = {0-521-78451-4/pbk},
+    Pages = {xii + 298},
+    Year = {2002},
+    Publisher = {Cambridge: Cambridge University Press},
+    Language = {English},
+    MSC2010 = {06-01},
+    Zbl = {1002.06001}
+}
+
+@misc{ECDSAcerticom,
+	url = "https://web.archive.org/web/20170921160141/http://cs.ucsb.edu/~koc/ccs130h/notes/ecdsa-cert.pdf",
+ 	note = "Accessed 21 September 2017, but the original link was inaccessible on 19 October 2017. Refer to section 6.2 for ECDSAPUBKEY, and section 7 for ECDSASIGN and ECDSARECOVER.",
+	title = {{The Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA)}},
+	publisher = {{Certicom Research}},
+	location = "Canada",
+	author = "Don Johnson
+and Alfred Menezes
+and Scott Vanstone",
+	year = "2001",
+	abstract = "The Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA) is the elliptic curve analogue of the Digital Signature Algorithm (DSA). It was accepted in 1999 as an ANSI standard, and was accepted in 2000 as IEEE and NIST standards. It was also accepted in 1998 as an ISO standard, and is under consideration for inclusion in some other ISO standards. Unlike the ordinary discrete logarithm problem and the integer factorization problem, no subexponential-time algorithm is known for the elliptic curve discrete logarithm problem. For this reason, the strength-per-key-bit is substantially greater in an algorithm that uses elliptic curves. This paper describes the ANSI X9.62 ECDSA, and discusses related security, implementation, and interoperability issues.",
+}
+
+@misc{npmElectrum2017,
+	url = "https://www.npmjs.com/package/electrum",
+	note = {{\url{https://web.archive.org/save/https://www.npmjs.com/package/electrum}.}},
+	author = "Arnaud, Pierre
+and Schroeter, Mathieu
+and Le Barbare, Sam",
+	title = {{Electrum}},
+	year = {{2017}},
+}
+
+@misc{cryptoeprint:2013:881,
+    author = "Sompolinsky, Yonatan
+and Aviv Zohar",
+    title = {{Accelerating Bitcoin's Transaction Processing. Fast Money Grows on Trees, Not Chains}},
+    howpublished = {Cryptology ePrint Archive, Report 2013/881},
+    year = {2013},
+    url = "http://eprint.iacr.org/2013/881",
+    note = "\url{https://web.archive.org/web/20171019101138/https://eprint.iacr.org/2013/881}",
 }
 
 @InCollection{gura2004comparing,
+	url = "https://www.iacr.org/archive/ches2004/31560117/31560117.pdf",
+	note = {{\url{https://web.archive.org/web/20170810035057/https://www.iacr.org/archive/ches2004/31560117/31560117.pdf}.}},
 	BookTitle = {{Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems-CHES 2004}},
 	Publisher = {{Springer}},
-	author = {Gura, Nils and Patel, Arun and Wander, Arvinderpal and Eberle, Hans and Shantz, Sheueling Chang},
+	author = "Gura, Nils
+and Patel, Arun
+and Wander, Arvinderpal
+and Eberle, Hans
+and Sheueling Chang Shantz",
 	title = {{Comparing elliptic curve cryptography and RSA on 8-bit CPUs}},
 	pages = {119-132},
 	year = {{2004}},
 }
 
 @InProceedings{laurie2004proof,
 	BookTitle = {{Workshop on Economics and Information, Security}},
-	author = {Laurie, Ben and Clayton, Richard},
+	author = "Laurie, Ben
+and Clayton, Richard",
 	title = {{Proof-of-Work{''} proves not to work; version 0.2}},
 	year = {{2004}},
 }
 
 @Misc{vishnumurthy03karma:a,
-    author = {Vivek Vishnumurthy and Sangeeth Chandrakumar and Emin Gün Sirer},
+    url = "https://www.cs.cornell.edu/people/egs/papers/karma.pdf",
+    note = {{\url{https://web.archive.org/web/20170810031834/https://www.cs.cornell.edu/people/egs/papers/karma.pdf}.}},
+    author = {Vishnumurthy, Vivek and Chandrakumar, Sangeeth and Gün Sirer, Emin},
     title = {KARMA: A Secure Economic Framework for Peer-to-Peer Resource Sharing},
     year = {2003}
 }
 
 @InProceedings{dwork92pricingvia,
-    author = {Cynthia Dwork and Moni Naor},
+    url = "http://www.wisdom.weizmann.ac.il/~naor/PAPERS/pvp.pdf",
+    note = {{\url{https://web.archive.org/web/20170810035254/http://www.wisdom.weizmann.ac.il/~naor/PAPERS/pvp.pdf}.}},
+    author = "Cynthia Dwork
+and Moni Naor",
     title = {Pricing via processing or combatting junk mail},
     booktitle = {In 12th Annual International Cryptology Conference},
     year = {1992},
     pages = {139--147}
 }
 
 @Article{nakamoto2008bitcoin,
+	url = "http://nakamotoinstitute.org/bitcoin/",
+	note = "\url{https://web.archive.org/web/20171026231027/http://nakamotoinstitute.org/bitcoin/}",
 	author = {Nakamoto, Satoshi},
 	title = {{Bitcoin: A peer-to-peer electronic cash system}},
 	journal = {{Consulted}},
@@ -46,14 +215,18 @@ @Article{nakamoto2008bitcoin
 }
 
 @Misc{sprankel2013technical,
-	author = {Sprankel, Simon},
+	url = "http://www.coderblog.de/wp-content/uploads/technical-basis-of-digital-currencies.pdf",
+	note = {{\url{https://web.archive.org/web/20170810025028/http://www.coderblog.de/wp-content/uploads/technical-basis-of-digital-currencies.pdf}.}},
+	author = "Sprankel, Simon",
 	title = {{Technical Basis of Digital Currencies}},
 	year = {{2013}},
 }
 
 @Article{aron2012bitcoin,
+	url = "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407912601055",
+	note = "Not available to be archived by the Wayback Machine.",
 	Publisher = {{Elsevier}},
-	author = {Aron, Jacob},
+	author = "Aron, Jacob",
 	title = {{BitCoin software finds new life}},
 	journal = {{New Scientist}},
 	volume = {{213}},
@@ -63,30 +236,37 @@ @Article{aron2012bitcoin
 }
 
 @article{mastercoin2013willett,
-	url = {{https://github.com/mastercoin-MSC/spec}},
-	author = {J. R. Willett},
+	url = "https://github.com/mastercoin-MSC/spec",
+	note = {{\url{https://web.archive.org/web/20170810035927/https://github.com/OmniLayer/spec}.}},
+	author = {Willett, J. R.},
 	title = {{MasterCoin Complete Specification}},
 	year = {{2013}},
 }
 
 @article{colouredcoins2012rosenfeld,
-	url = {{https://bitcoil.co.il/BitcoinX.pdf}},
-	author = {Meni Rosenfeld},
+	url = "https://bitcoil.co.il/BitcoinX.pdf",
+	note = {{\url{https://web.archive.org/web/20170810040120/https://bitcoil.co.il/BitcoinX.pdf}.}},
+	author = "Meni Rosenfeld",
 	title = {{Overview of Colored Coins}},
 	year = {{2012}},
 }
 
 @incollection{boutellier2014pirates,
+	url = "https://www.springer.com/gb/book/9783319040158",
+	note = {{URL available at \url{http://wiki.erights.org/wiki/Documentation}. \url{https://web.archive.org/web/20170810040208/https://www.springer.com/gb/book/9783319040158}.}},
 	booktitle = {{Growth Through Innovation}},
 	publisher = {{Springer}},
-	author = {Boutellier, Roman and Heinzen, Mareike},
+	author = "Boutellier, Roman
+and Heinzen, Mareike",
 	title = {{Pirates, Pioneers, Innovators and Imitators}},
 	pages = {85-96},
 	year = {{2014}},
 }
 
 @Article{szabo1997formalizing,
-	author = {Szabo, Nick},
+	url = "http://firstmonday.org/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/548",
+	note = "\url{https://web.archive.org/web/20170810042659/http://firstmonday.org/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/548}.",
+	author = "Szabo, Nick",
 	title = {{Formalizing and securing relationships on public networks}},
 	journal = {{First Monday}},
 	volume = {{2}},
@@ -95,50 +275,57 @@ @Article{szabo1997formalizing
 }
 
 @InProceedings{miller1997future,
+	url = "https://drive.google.com/file/d/0Bw0VXJKBgYPMS0J2VGIyWWlocms/edit?usp=sharing",
 	BookTitle = {{paper delivered at the Extro 3 Conference (August 9)}},
-	author = {Miller, Mark},
+	author = "Miller, Mark",
 	title = {{The Future of Law}},
 	year = {{1997}},
 }
 
 @article{buterin2013ethereum,
-	url = {{https://github.com/ethereum/wiki/wiki/White-Paper}},
-	author = {Vitalik Buterin},
+	url = "https://github.com/ethereum/wiki/wiki/White-Paper",
+	author = "Vitalik Buterin",
 	title = {{Ethereum: A Next-Generation Smart Contract and Decentralized Application Platform}},
 	year = {{2013}},
 }
 
 @article{back2002hashcash,
-	url = {{http://www.hashcash.org/papers/amortizable.pdf}},
-	author = {Adam Back},
+	url = "http://www.hashcash.org/papers/amortizable.pdf",
+	note = "\url{https://web.archive.org/web/20170810043047/http://www.hashcash.org/papers/amortizable.pdf}.",
+	author = "Adam Back",
 	title = {{Hashcash - Amortizable Publicly Auditable Cost-Functions}},
 	year = {{2002}},
 }
 
 @article{hashimoto,
-	url = {{https://mirrorx.com/files/hashimoto.pdf}},
-	author = {Thaddeus Dryja},
+	url = "https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/3b23/7cc60c1b9650e260318d33bec471b8202d5e.pdf",
+	note = "\url{https://web.archive.org/web/20170810043640/https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/3b23/7cc60c1b9650e260318d33bec471b8202d5e.pdf}. Dead original link as of 10 August 2017: \url{https://mirrorx.com/files/hashimoto.pdf}.",
+	author = "Thaddeus Dryja",
 	title = {{Hashimoto: I/O bound proof of work}},
 	year = {{2014}},
 }
 
 @article{dagger,
-	url = {{http://vitalik.ca/ethereum/dagger.html}},
-	author = {Vitalik Buterin},
+	url = "http://www.hashcash.org/papers/dagger.html",
+	note = {{\url{https://web.archive.org/web/20170810043955/http://www.hashcash.org/papers/dagger.html}. Dead original link as of 10 August 2017: \url{http://vitalik.ca/ethereum/dagger.html}.}},
+	author = "Vitalik Buterin",
 	title = {{Dagger: A Memory-Hard to Compute, Memory-Easy to Verify Scrypt Alternative}},
 	year = {{2013}},
 }
 
 @article{lerner2014randmemohash,
-	url = {{http://www.hashcash.org/papers/memohash.pdf}},
-	author = {Sergio Demian Lerner},
+	url = "http://www.hashcash.org/papers/memohash.pdf",
+	note = {{\url{https://web.archive.org/web/20170810044110/http://www.hashcash.org/papers/memohash.pdf}.}},
+	author = "Sergio Demian Lerner",
 	title = {{Strict Memory Hard Hashing Functions}},
 	year = {{2014}},
 }
 
 @article{FowlerNollVo1991FNVHash,
-	url = {{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fowler%E2%80%93Noll%E2%80%93Vo_hash_function#cite_note-2}},
-	author = {Glenn Fowler, Landon Curt Noll, Phong Vo},
+	url = "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fowler%E2%80%93Noll%E2%80%93Vo_hash_function#cite_note-2",
+	author = "Glenn Fowler
+and Landon Curt Noll
+and Phong Vo",
 	title = {{Fowler–Noll–Vo hash function}},
 	year = {{1991}},
-}
+}