feat: add interface of the persistent cache resource

[gaius-qi]

Description

Related Issue

Motivation and Context

Screenshots (if appropriate)

Types of changes

• Bug fix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to change)
• Documentation Update (if none of the other choices apply)

Checklist

• My change requires a change to the documentation.
• I have updated the documentation accordingly.
• I have read the CONTRIBUTING document.
• I have added tests to cover my changes.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 0% with 87 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 35.66%. Comparing base (2e1a6b5) to head (f693694).
Report is 1 commits behind head on main.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
...uler/resource/persistentcache/peer_manager_mock.go	0.00%	40 Missing ⚠️
...cheduler/resource/persistentcache/resource_mock.go	0.00%	30 Missing ⚠️
scheduler/resource/persistentcache/resource.go	0.00%	11 Missing ⚠️
scheduler/scheduler.go	0.00%	4 Missing ⚠️
scheduler/resource/persistentcache/peer_manager.go	0.00%	2 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #3602      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   35.74%   35.66%   -0.08%     
==========================================
  Files         336      339       +3     
  Lines       37106    37190      +84     
==========================================
+ Hits        13262    13264       +2     
- Misses      23009    23093      +84     
+ Partials      835      833       -2     

Flag	Coverage Δ
unittests	35.66% <0.00%> (-0.08%)	⬇️

Flags with carried forward coverage won't be shown. Click here to find out more.

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
scheduler/resource/persistentcache/host_manager.go	0.00% <ø> (ø)
scheduler/resource/persistentcache/task_manager.go	0.00% <ø> (ø)
scheduler/resource/persistentcache/peer_manager.go	0.00% <0.00%> (ø)
scheduler/scheduler.go	0.00% <0.00%> (ø)
scheduler/resource/persistentcache/resource.go	0.00% <0.00%> (ø)
...cheduler/resource/persistentcache/resource_mock.go	0.00% <0.00%> (ø)
...uler/resource/persistentcache/peer_manager_mock.go	0.00% <0.00%> (ø)

... and 4 files with indirect coverage changes

[chlins]

lgtm