JIT: very simple cloning heuristic (#108771)

Avoid cloning large loops.

We compute loop size by counting tree nodes of all statements of all
blocks in the loop. If this is over a threshold, we inhibit cloning.

Threshold value was chosen based on distribution of unrestricted cloned
loop sizes in the benchmark run_pgo collection.

src/coreclr/jit/compiler.h

@@ -7091,6 +7091,7 @@ class Compiler
     bool optCanonicalizeExit(FlowGraphNaturalLoop* loop, BasicBlock* exit);
 
     PhaseStatus optCloneLoops();
+    bool optShouldCloneLoop(FlowGraphNaturalLoop* loop, LoopCloneContext* context);
     void optCloneLoop(FlowGraphNaturalLoop* loop, LoopCloneContext* context);
     PhaseStatus optUnrollLoops(); // Unrolls loops (needs to have cost info)
     bool optTryUnrollLoop(FlowGraphNaturalLoop* loop, bool* changedIR);

src/coreclr/jit/jitconfigvalues.h

@@ -59,8 +59,10 @@ CONFIG_INTEGER(JitBreakMorphTree, W("JitBreakMorphTree"), 0xffffffff)
 CONFIG_INTEGER(JitBreakOnBadCode, W("JitBreakOnBadCode"), 0)
 CONFIG_INTEGER(JitBreakOnMinOpts, W("JITBreakOnMinOpts"), 0) // Halt if jit switches to MinOpts
 CONFIG_INTEGER(JitCloneLoops, W("JitCloneLoops"), 1) // If 0, don't clone. Otherwise clone loops for optimizations.
-CONFIG_INTEGER(JitCloneLoopsWithGdvTests, W("JitCloneLoopsWithGdvTests"), 1) // If 0, don't clone loops based on
-                                                                             // invariant type/method address tests
+CONFIG_INTEGER(JitCloneLoopsWithGdvTests, W("JitCloneLoopsWithGdvTests"), 1)     // If 0, don't clone loops based on
+                                                                                 // invariant type/method address tests
+RELEASE_CONFIG_INTEGER(JitCloneLoopsSizeLimit, W("JitCloneLoopsSizeLimit"), 400) // limit cloning to loops with less
+                                                                                 // than this many tree nodes
 CONFIG_INTEGER(JitDebugLogLoopCloning, W("JitDebugLogLoopCloning"), 0) // In debug builds log places where loop cloning
                                                                        // optimizations are performed on the fast path.
 CONFIG_INTEGER(JitDefaultFill, W("JitDefaultFill"), 0xdd) // In debug builds, initialize the memory allocated by the nra

src/coreclr/jit/loopcloning.cpp

@@ -1773,6 +1773,94 @@ void Compiler::optPerformStaticOptimizations(FlowGraphNaturalLoop*     loop,
     }
 }
 
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// optShouldCloneLoop: Decide if a loop that can be cloned should be cloned.
+//
+// Arguments:
+//     loop        - the current loop for which the optimizations are performed.
+//     context     - data structure where all loop cloning info is kept.
+//
+// Returns:
+//     true if expected performance gain from cloning is worth the potential
+//     size increase.
+//
+// Remarks:
+//     This is a simple-minded heuristic meant to avoid "runaway" cloning
+//     where large loops are cloned.
+//
+//     We estimate the size cost of cloning by summing up the number of
+//     tree nodes in all statements in all blocks in the loop.
+//
+//     This value is compared to a hard-coded threshold, and if bigger,
+//     then the method returns false.
+//
+bool Compiler::optShouldCloneLoop(FlowGraphNaturalLoop* loop, LoopCloneContext* context)
+{
+    // Compute loop size
+    //
+    unsigned loopSize = 0;
+
+    // For now we use a very simplistic model where each tree node
+    // has the same code size.
+    //
+    // CostSz is not available until later.
+    //
+    struct TreeCostWalker : GenTreeVisitor<TreeCostWalker>
+    {
+        enum
+        {
+            DoPreOrder = true,
+        };
+
+        unsigned m_nodeCount;
+
+        TreeCostWalker(Compiler* comp)
+            : GenTreeVisitor(comp)
+            , m_nodeCount(0)
+        {
+        }
+
+        fgWalkResult PreOrderVisit(GenTree** use, GenTree* user)
+        {
+            m_nodeCount++;
+            return WALK_CONTINUE;
+        }
+
+        void Reset()
+        {
+            m_nodeCount = 0;
+        }
+        unsigned Cost()
+        {
+            return m_nodeCount;
+        }
+    };
+
+    TreeCostWalker costWalker(this);
+
+    loop->VisitLoopBlocks([&](BasicBlock* block) {
+        weight_t normalizedWeight = block->getBBWeight(this);
+        for (Statement* const stmt : block->Statements())
+        {
+            costWalker.Reset();
+            costWalker.WalkTree(stmt->GetRootNodePointer(), nullptr);
+            loopSize += costWalker.Cost();
+        }
+        return BasicBlockVisit::Continue;
+    });
+
+    int const sizeLimit = JitConfig.JitCloneLoopsSizeLimit();
+
+    if ((sizeLimit >= 0) && (loopSize >= (unsigned)sizeLimit))
+    {
+        JITDUMP("Loop cloning: rejecting loop " FMT_LP " of size %u, size limit %d\n", loop->GetIndex(), loopSize,
+                sizeLimit);
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
 //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // optIsLoopClonable: Determine whether this loop can be cloned.
 //
@@ -2563,7 +2651,7 @@ Compiler::fgWalkResult Compiler::optCanOptimizeByLoopCloning(GenTree* tree, Loop
 
                 assert(compCurBB->lastStmt() == info->stmt);
                 info->context->EnsureLoopOptInfo(info->loop->GetIndex())
-                    ->Push(new (this, CMK_LoopOpt) LcTypeTestOptInfo(info->stmt, indir, lclNum, clsHnd));
+                    ->Push(new (this, CMK_LoopOpt) LcTypeTestOptInfo(compCurBB, info->stmt, indir, lclNum, clsHnd));
             }
         }
         else if (optIsHandleOrIndirOfHandle(relopOp2, GTF_ICON_FTN_ADDR))
@@ -2644,7 +2732,7 @@ Compiler::fgWalkResult Compiler::optCanOptimizeByLoopCloning(GenTree* tree, Loop
                 assert(iconHandle->IsIconHandle(GTF_ICON_FTN_ADDR));
                 assert(compCurBB->lastStmt() == info->stmt);
                 LcMethodAddrTestOptInfo* optInfo = new (this, CMK_LoopOpt)
-                    LcMethodAddrTestOptInfo(info->stmt, indir, lclNum, (void*)iconHandle->IconValue(),
+                    LcMethodAddrTestOptInfo(compCurBB, info->stmt, indir, lclNum, (void*)iconHandle->IconValue(),
                                             relopOp2 != iconHandle DEBUG_ARG(
                                                             (CORINFO_METHOD_HANDLE)iconHandle->gtTargetHandle));
                 info->context->EnsureLoopOptInfo(info->loop->GetIndex())->Push(optInfo);
@@ -2944,6 +3032,10 @@ PhaseStatus Compiler::optCloneLoops()
                 // No need to clone.
                 context.CancelLoopOptInfo(loop->GetIndex());
             }
+            else if (!optShouldCloneLoop(loop, &context))
+            {
+                context.CancelLoopOptInfo(loop->GetIndex());
+            }
         }
     }
 

src/coreclr/jit/loopcloning.h

@@ -321,6 +321,8 @@ struct LcJaggedArrayOptInfo : public LcOptInfo
 //
 struct LcTypeTestOptInfo : public LcOptInfo
 {
+    // block where statement occurs
+    BasicBlock* block;
     // statement where the opportunity occurs
     Statement* stmt;
     // indir for the method table
@@ -330,8 +332,13 @@ struct LcTypeTestOptInfo : public LcOptInfo
     // handle being tested for
     CORINFO_CLASS_HANDLE clsHnd;
 
-    LcTypeTestOptInfo(Statement* stmt, GenTreeIndir* methodTableIndir, unsigned lclNum, CORINFO_CLASS_HANDLE clsHnd)
+    LcTypeTestOptInfo(BasicBlock*          block,
+                      Statement*           stmt,
+                      GenTreeIndir*        methodTableIndir,
+                      unsigned             lclNum,
+                      CORINFO_CLASS_HANDLE clsHnd)
         : LcOptInfo(LcTypeTest)
+        , block(block)
         , stmt(stmt)
         , methodTableIndir(methodTableIndir)
         , lclNum(lclNum)
@@ -342,6 +349,8 @@ struct LcTypeTestOptInfo : public LcOptInfo
 
 struct LcMethodAddrTestOptInfo : public LcOptInfo
 {
+    // block where statement occurs
+    BasicBlock* block;
     // statement where the opportunity occurs
     Statement* stmt;
     // indir on the delegate
@@ -355,12 +364,14 @@ struct LcMethodAddrTestOptInfo : public LcOptInfo
     CORINFO_METHOD_HANDLE targetMethHnd;
 #endif
 
-    LcMethodAddrTestOptInfo(Statement*    stmt,
+    LcMethodAddrTestOptInfo(BasicBlock*   block,
+                            Statement*    stmt,
                             GenTreeIndir* delegateAddressIndir,
                             unsigned      delegateLclNum,
                             void*         methAddr,
                             bool isSlot   DEBUG_ARG(CORINFO_METHOD_HANDLE targetMethHnd))
         : LcOptInfo(LcMethodAddrTest)
+        , block(block)
         , stmt(stmt)
         , delegateAddressIndir(delegateAddressIndir)
         , delegateLclNum(delegateLclNum)