[azure-cli] - Fix azure-cli installation in debian trixie(13)

[Kaniska244]

Ref: #1474

Description: This PR aims to solve #1474 to support azure-cli installation in debian trixie(13).

Changelog: The following changes are included.

• The installation script is changed to add support for Debian Trixie.
• Change in devcontainer-feature.json to do version bump
• Test scripts for relevant options with Debian trixie base image.

Checklist:

• All checks are passed.

[hugokoopmans]

Guys not sure if this is related but i get:

7.136 Reading state information...
7.167 E: Unable to locate package moby-cli
7.167 E: Unable to locate package moby-buildx
7.167 E: Unable to locate package moby-engine
7.170 (!) Packages for moby not available in OS debian trixie (amd64). To resolve, either: (1) set feature option '"moby": false' , or (2) choose a compatible OS version (eg: 'ubuntu-24.04').
7.171 ERROR: Feature "Docker (Docker-in-Docker)" (ghcr.io/devcontainers/features/docker-in-docker) failed to install! Look at the documentation at https://github.com/devcontainers/features/tree/main/src/docker-in-docker for help troubleshooting this error.

which made me end up here...

any remarks? I cannot build the dev container for my project now

[Kaniska244]

Hello @hugokoopmans ,

I would request you to check the related issue for this one.