all: add support for EIP-2718, EIP-2930 transactions (ethereum#21502)

This adds support for EIP-2718 typed transactions as well as EIP-2930
access list transactions (tx type 1). These EIPs are scheduled for the
Berlin fork.

There very few changes to existing APIs in core/types, and several new APIs
to deal with access list transactions. In particular, there are two new
constructor functions for transactions: types.NewTx and types.SignNewTx.
Since the canonical encoding of typed transactions is not RLP-compatible,
Transaction now has new methods for encoding and decoding: MarshalBinary
and UnmarshalBinary.

The existing EIP-155 signer does not support the new transaction types.
All code dealing with transaction signatures should be updated to use the
newer EIP-2930 signer. To make this easier for future updates, we have
added new constructor functions for types.Signer: types.LatestSigner and
types.LatestSignerForChainID. 

This change also adds support for the YoloV3 testnet.

Co-authored-by: Martin Holst Swende <martin@swende.se>
Co-authored-by: Felix Lange <fjl@twurst.com>
Co-authored-by: Ryan Schneider <ryanleeschneider@gmail.com>

accounts/abi/bind/auth.go

@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ func NewKeyStoreTransactorWithChainID(keystore *keystore.KeyStore, account accou
 	if chainID == nil {
 		return nil, ErrNoChainID
 	}
-	signer := types.NewEIP155Signer(chainID)
+	signer := types.LatestSignerForChainID(chainID)
 	return &TransactOpts{
 		From: account.Address,
 		Signer: func(address common.Address, tx *types.Transaction) (*types.Transaction, error) {
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ func NewKeyedTransactorWithChainID(key *ecdsa.PrivateKey, chainID *big.Int) (*Tr
 	if chainID == nil {
 		return nil, ErrNoChainID
 	}
-	signer := types.NewEIP155Signer(chainID)
+	signer := types.LatestSignerForChainID(chainID)
 	return &TransactOpts{
 		From: keyAddr,
 		Signer: func(address common.Address, tx *types.Transaction) (*types.Transaction, error) {

accounts/abi/bind/backends/simulated.go

@@ -559,7 +559,10 @@ func (b *SimulatedBackend) SendTransaction(ctx context.Context, tx *types.Transa
 	b.mu.Lock()
 	defer b.mu.Unlock()
 
-	sender, err := types.Sender(types.NewEIP155Signer(b.config.ChainID), tx)
+	// Check transaction validity.
+	block := b.blockchain.CurrentBlock()
+	signer := types.MakeSigner(b.blockchain.Config(), block.Number())
+	sender, err := types.Sender(signer, tx)
 	if err != nil {
 		panic(fmt.Errorf("invalid transaction: %v", err))
 	}
@@ -568,7 +571,8 @@ func (b *SimulatedBackend) SendTransaction(ctx context.Context, tx *types.Transa
 		panic(fmt.Errorf("invalid transaction nonce: got %d, want %d", tx.Nonce(), nonce))
 	}
 
-	blocks, _ := core.GenerateChain(b.config, b.blockchain.CurrentBlock(), ethash.NewFaker(), b.database, 1, func(number int, block *core.BlockGen) {
+	// Include tx in chain.
+	blocks, _ := core.GenerateChain(b.config, block, ethash.NewFaker(), b.database, 1, func(number int, block *core.BlockGen) {
 		for _, tx := range b.pendingBlock.Transactions() {
 			block.AddTxWithChain(b.blockchain, tx)
 		}
@@ -707,14 +711,15 @@ type callMsg struct {
 	ethereum.CallMsg
 }
 
-func (m callMsg) From() common.Address { return m.CallMsg.From }
-func (m callMsg) Nonce() uint64        { return 0 }
-func (m callMsg) CheckNonce() bool     { return false }
-func (m callMsg) To() *common.Address  { return m.CallMsg.To }
-func (m callMsg) GasPrice() *big.Int   { return m.CallMsg.GasPrice }
-func (m callMsg) Gas() uint64          { return m.CallMsg.Gas }
-func (m callMsg) Value() *big.Int      { return m.CallMsg.Value }
-func (m callMsg) Data() []byte         { return m.CallMsg.Data }
+func (m callMsg) From() common.Address         { return m.CallMsg.From }
+func (m callMsg) Nonce() uint64                { return 0 }
+func (m callMsg) CheckNonce() bool             { return false }
+func (m callMsg) To() *common.Address          { return m.CallMsg.To }
+func (m callMsg) GasPrice() *big.Int           { return m.CallMsg.GasPrice }
+func (m callMsg) Gas() uint64                  { return m.CallMsg.Gas }
+func (m callMsg) Value() *big.Int              { return m.CallMsg.Value }
+func (m callMsg) Data() []byte                 { return m.CallMsg.Data }
+func (m callMsg) AccessList() types.AccessList { return m.CallMsg.AccessList }
 
 // filterBackend implements filters.Backend to support filtering for logs without
 // taking bloom-bits acceleration structures into account.

accounts/keystore/keystore.go

@@ -283,11 +283,9 @@ func (ks *KeyStore) SignTx(a accounts.Account, tx *types.Transaction, chainID *b
 	if !found {
 		return nil, ErrLocked
 	}
-	// Depending on the presence of the chain ID, sign with EIP155 or homestead
-	if chainID != nil {
-		return types.SignTx(tx, types.NewEIP155Signer(chainID), unlockedKey.PrivateKey)
-	}
-	return types.SignTx(tx, types.HomesteadSigner{}, unlockedKey.PrivateKey)
+	// Depending on the presence of the chain ID, sign with 2718 or homestead
+	signer := types.LatestSignerForChainID(chainID)
+	return types.SignTx(tx, signer, unlockedKey.PrivateKey)
 }
 
 // SignHashWithPassphrase signs hash if the private key matching the given address
@@ -310,12 +308,9 @@ func (ks *KeyStore) SignTxWithPassphrase(a accounts.Account, passphrase string,
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	defer zeroKey(key.PrivateKey)
-
-	// Depending on the presence of the chain ID, sign with EIP155 or homestead
-	if chainID != nil {
-		return types.SignTx(tx, types.NewEIP155Signer(chainID), key.PrivateKey)
-	}
-	return types.SignTx(tx, types.HomesteadSigner{}, key.PrivateKey)
+	// Depending on the presence of the chain ID, sign with or without replay protection.
+	signer := types.LatestSignerForChainID(chainID)
+	return types.SignTx(tx, signer, key.PrivateKey)
 }
 
 // Unlock unlocks the given account indefinitely.

accounts/scwallet/wallet.go

@@ -699,7 +699,7 @@ func (w *Wallet) signHash(account accounts.Account, hash []byte) ([]byte, error)
 // the needed details via SignTxWithPassphrase, or by other means (e.g. unlock
 // the account in a keystore).
 func (w *Wallet) SignTx(account accounts.Account, tx *types.Transaction, chainID *big.Int) (*types.Transaction, error) {
-	signer := types.NewEIP155Signer(chainID)
+	signer := types.LatestSignerForChainID(chainID)
 	hash := signer.Hash(tx)
 	sig, err := w.signHash(account, hash[:])
 	if err != nil {

accounts/usbwallet/trezor.go

@@ -255,9 +255,11 @@ func (w *trezorDriver) trezorSign(derivationPath []uint32, tx *types.Transaction
 	if chainID == nil {
 		signer = new(types.HomesteadSigner)
 	} else {
+		// Trezor backend does not support typed transactions yet.
 		signer = types.NewEIP155Signer(chainID)
 		signature[64] -= byte(chainID.Uint64()*2 + 35)
 	}
+
 	// Inject the final signature into the transaction and sanity check the sender
 	signed, err := tx.WithSignature(signer, signature)
 	if err != nil {

cmd/clef/main.go

@@ -1106,7 +1106,7 @@ func GenDoc(ctx *cli.Context) {
 
 		rlpdata := common.FromHex("0xf85d640101948a8eafb1cf62bfbeb1741769dae1a9dd47996192018026a0716bd90515acb1e68e5ac5867aa11a1e65399c3349d479f5fb698554ebc6f293a04e8a4ebfff434e971e0ef12c5bf3a881b06fd04fc3f8b8a7291fb67a26a1d4ed")
 		var tx types.Transaction
-		rlp.DecodeBytes(rlpdata, &tx)
+		tx.UnmarshalBinary(rlpdata)
 		add("OnApproved - SignTransactionResult", desc, &ethapi.SignTransactionResult{Raw: rlpdata, Tx: &tx})
 
 	}

cmd/evm/README.md

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ Command line params that has to be supported are
    --trace.nomemory                   Disable full memory dump in traces
    --trace.nostack                    Disable stack output in traces
    --trace.noreturndata               Disable return data output in traces
-   --output.basedir value             Specifies where output files are placed. Will be created if it does not exist. (default: ".")
+   --output.basedir value             Specifies where output files are placed. Will be created if it does not exist.
    --output.alloc alloc               Determines where to put the alloc of the post-state.
                                       `stdout` - into the stdout output
                                       `stderr` - into the stderr output
@@ -237,10 +237,10 @@ Example where blockhashes are provided:
 cat trace-0-0x72fadbef39cd251a437eea619cfeda752271a5faaaa2147df012e112159ffb81.jsonl | grep BLOCKHASH -C2
 ```
 ```
-{"pc":0,"op":96,"gas":"0x5f58ef8","gasCost":"0x3","memory":"0x","memSize":0,"stack":[],"returnStack":[],"returnData":null,"depth":1,"refund":0,"opName":"PUSH1","error":""}
-{"pc":2,"op":64,"gas":"0x5f58ef5","gasCost":"0x14","memory":"0x","memSize":0,"stack":["0x1"],"returnStack":[],"returnData":null,"depth":1,"refund":0,"opName":"BLOCKHASH","error":""}
-{"pc":3,"op":0,"gas":"0x5f58ee1","gasCost":"0x0","memory":"0x","memSize":0,"stack":["0xdac58aa524e50956d0c0bae7f3f8bb9d35381365d07804dd5b48a5a297c06af4"],"returnStack":[],"returnData":null,"depth":1,"refund":0,"opName":"STOP","error":""}
-{"output":"","gasUsed":"0x17","time":112885}
+{"pc":0,"op":96,"gas":"0x5f58ef8","gasCost":"0x3","memory":"0x","memSize":0,"stack":[],"returnStack":[],"returnData":"0x","depth":1,"refund":0,"opName":"PUSH1","error":""}
+{"pc":2,"op":64,"gas":"0x5f58ef5","gasCost":"0x14","memory":"0x","memSize":0,"stack":["0x1"],"returnStack":[],"returnData":"0x","depth":1,"refund":0,"opName":"BLOCKHASH","error":""}
+{"pc":3,"op":0,"gas":"0x5f58ee1","gasCost":"0x0","memory":"0x","memSize":0,"stack":["0xdac58aa524e50956d0c0bae7f3f8bb9d35381365d07804dd5b48a5a297c06af4"],"returnStack":[],"returnData":"0x","depth":1,"refund":0,"opName":"STOP","error":""}
+{"output":"","gasUsed":"0x17","time":142709}
 ```
 
 In this example, the caller has not provided the required blockhash:
@@ -256,9 +256,9 @@ Error code: 4
 Another thing that can be done, is to chain invocations:
 ```
 ./evm t8n --input.alloc=./testdata/1/alloc.json --input.txs=./testdata/1/txs.json --input.env=./testdata/1/env.json --output.alloc=stdout | ./evm t8n --input.alloc=stdin --input.env=./testdata/1/env.json --input.txs=./testdata/1/txs.json
-INFO [08-03|15:25:15.168] rejected tx                              index=1 hash="0557ba…18d673" from=0x8A8eAFb1cf62BfBeb1741769DAE1a9dd47996192 error="nonce too low"
-INFO [08-03|15:25:15.169] rejected tx                              index=0 hash="0557ba…18d673" from=0x8A8eAFb1cf62BfBeb1741769DAE1a9dd47996192 error="nonce too low"
-INFO [08-03|15:25:15.169] rejected tx                              index=1 hash="0557ba…18d673" from=0x8A8eAFb1cf62BfBeb1741769DAE1a9dd47996192 error="nonce too low"
+INFO [01-21|22:41:22.963] rejected tx                              index=1 hash="0557ba…18d673" from=0x8A8eAFb1cf62BfBeb1741769DAE1a9dd47996192 error="nonce too low: address 0x8A8eAFb1cf62BfBeb1741769DAE1a9dd47996192, tx: 0 state: 1"
+INFO [01-21|22:41:22.966] rejected tx                              index=0 hash="0557ba…18d673" from=0x8A8eAFb1cf62BfBeb1741769DAE1a9dd47996192 error="nonce too low: address 0x8A8eAFb1cf62BfBeb1741769DAE1a9dd47996192, tx: 0 state: 1"
+INFO [01-21|22:41:22.967] rejected tx                              index=1 hash="0557ba…18d673" from=0x8A8eAFb1cf62BfBeb1741769DAE1a9dd47996192 error="nonce too low: address 0x8A8eAFb1cf62BfBeb1741769DAE1a9dd47996192, tx: 0 state: 1"
 
 ```
 What happened here, is that we first applied two identical transactions, so the second one was rejected. 
@@ -267,4 +267,3 @@ the same two transactions: this time, both failed due to too low nonce.
 
 In order to meaningfully chain invocations, one would need to provide meaningful new `env`, otherwise the
 actual blocknumber (exposed to the EVM) would not increase.
-

cmd/evm/internal/t8ntool/execution.go

@@ -143,19 +143,9 @@ func (pre *Prestate) Apply(vmConfig vm.Config, chainConfig *params.ChainConfig,
 		vmConfig.Debug = (tracer != nil)
 		statedb.Prepare(tx.Hash(), blockHash, txIndex)
 		txContext := core.NewEVMTxContext(msg)
-
-		evm := vm.NewEVM(vmContext, txContext, statedb, chainConfig, vmConfig)
-		if chainConfig.IsYoloV3(vmContext.BlockNumber) {
-			statedb.AddAddressToAccessList(msg.From())
-			if dst := msg.To(); dst != nil {
-				statedb.AddAddressToAccessList(*dst)
-				// If it's a create-tx, the destination will be added inside evm.create
-			}
-			for _, addr := range evm.ActivePrecompiles() {
-				statedb.AddAddressToAccessList(addr)
-			}
-		}
 		snapshot := statedb.Snapshot()
+		evm := vm.NewEVM(vmContext, txContext, statedb, chainConfig, vmConfig)
+
 		// (ret []byte, usedGas uint64, failed bool, err error)
 		msgResult, err := core.ApplyMessage(evm, msg, gaspool)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -169,7 +159,8 @@ func (pre *Prestate) Apply(vmConfig vm.Config, chainConfig *params.ChainConfig,
 			return nil, nil, NewError(ErrorMissingBlockhash, hashError)
 		}
 		gasUsed += msgResult.UsedGas
-		// Create a new receipt for the transaction, storing the intermediate root and gas used by the tx
+
+		// Receipt:
 		{
 			var root []byte
 			if chainConfig.IsByzantium(vmContext.BlockNumber) {
@@ -178,22 +169,32 @@ func (pre *Prestate) Apply(vmConfig vm.Config, chainConfig *params.ChainConfig,
 				root = statedb.IntermediateRoot(chainConfig.IsEIP158(vmContext.BlockNumber)).Bytes()
 			}
 
-			receipt := types.NewReceipt(root, msgResult.Failed(), gasUsed)
+			// Create a new receipt for the transaction, storing the intermediate root and
+			// gas used by the tx.
+			receipt := &types.Receipt{Type: tx.Type(), PostState: root, CumulativeGasUsed: gasUsed}
+			if msgResult.Failed() {
+				receipt.Status = types.ReceiptStatusFailed
+			} else {
+				receipt.Status = types.ReceiptStatusSuccessful
+			}
 			receipt.TxHash = tx.Hash()
 			receipt.GasUsed = msgResult.UsedGas
-			// if the transaction created a contract, store the creation address in the receipt.
+
+			// If the transaction created a contract, store the creation address in the receipt.
 			if msg.To() == nil {
 				receipt.ContractAddress = crypto.CreateAddress(evm.TxContext.Origin, tx.Nonce())
 			}
-			// Set the receipt logs and create a bloom for filtering
+
+			// Set the receipt logs and create the bloom filter.
 			receipt.Logs = statedb.GetLogs(tx.Hash())
 			receipt.Bloom = types.CreateBloom(types.Receipts{receipt})
-			// These three are non-consensus fields
+			// These three are non-consensus fields:
 			//receipt.BlockHash
-			//receipt.BlockNumber =
+			//receipt.BlockNumber
 			receipt.TransactionIndex = uint(txIndex)
 			receipts = append(receipts, receipt)
 		}
+
 		txIndex++
 	}
 	statedb.IntermediateRoot(chainConfig.IsEIP158(vmContext.BlockNumber))

cmd/evm/internal/t8ntool/flags.go

@@ -47,6 +47,11 @@ var (
 		Usage: "Specifies where output files are placed. Will be created if it does not exist.",
 		Value: "",
 	}
+	OutputBodyFlag = cli.StringFlag{
+		Name:  "output.body",
+		Usage: "If set, the RLP of the transactions (block body) will be written to this file.",
+		Value: "",
+	}
 	OutputAllocFlag = cli.StringFlag{
 		Name: "output.alloc",
 		Usage: "Determines where to put the `alloc` of the post-state.\n" +