refactor: Deprecate apply_operation in favor of variant2::visit for a…

…ny_image (#656)

build: Add /bigobj to MSVC flags

Avoid test\extension\dynamic_image\algorithm\copy_and_convert_pixels.cpp
compilation error:

fatal error C1128: number of sections exceeded object file format limit: compile with /bigobj

Co-authored-by: Mateusz Łoskot <mateusz@loskot.net>

RELEASES.md

@@ -28,6 +28,8 @@ The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.0.0/).
   support at least C++14 are considered unsupported as of now.
 - BREAKING: `any_color_converted_view()` is deprecated and will be removed in the next release.
   Use `color_converted_view()` instead, which provides the same feature.
+- BREAKING: `apply_operation` for `any_image` is deprecated and will be removed in the next release.
+  Use `variant2::visit` instead, which provides the same feature.
 - documentation: Display that GIL is a header-only library
 - Moved numeric extension to core ([PR #573](https://github.com/boostorg/gil/pull/573))
 - Added support for C++17's `<filesystem>` ([PR #636](https://github.com/boostorg/gil/pull/636)).
@@ -327,18 +329,18 @@ linked PDF documents with detailed changes.
 
 ### Changed
 - Updated the design guide and tutorial, updated syntax of concepts to the latest concepts proposal.
-- In `image`, `image_view`, `any_image`, `any_image_view`:  
+- In `image`, `image_view`, `any_image`, `any_image_view`:
   There are no longer global functions `get_width()`, `get_height()`, `get_dimensions()`, `num_channels()`.
   Use  methods `width()`, `height()`, `dimensions()` instead.
-- In models of pixel, pixel iterator, pixel locator, image view and image:  
+- In models of pixel, pixel iterator, pixel locator, image view and image:
   There used to be different ways of getting to a pixel, channel, color space, etc. of an image view,
   pixel, locator, iterator and image (e.g. traits, member typedefs).
   Now all pixel-based GIL constructs (pixels, pixel iterators, locators, image views and images) model
   `PixelBasedConcept`, which means they provide the following metafunctions: `color_space_type`, `channel_mapping_type`, `is_planar`, `num_channels`
   and for homogeneous constructs we also have: `channel_type`.
   To get the pixel type or pixel reference/const reference type of an image, image view, locator
   and pixel, use member typedefs `value_type`, `reference` and `const_reference`.
-- In `locator`, `image`, `image_view`, `any_image` and `any_image_view`:  
+- In `locator`, `image`, `image_view`, `any_image` and `any_image_view`:
   Removed `dynamic_x_step_t`, `dynamic_y_step_t`, `dynamic_xy_step_t` and `dynamic_xy_step_transposed_t`
   as member typedefs of locators and image views.
   Instead, there are separate concepts `HasDynamicXStepTypeConcept`, `HasDynamicYStepTypeConcept`,

doc/design/dynamic_image.rst

@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ GIL ``any_image_view`` and ``any_image`` are subclasses of ``variant``:
     y_coord_t   height()        const;
   };
 
-Operations are invoked on variants via ``apply_operation`` passing a
+Operations are invoked on variants via ``variant2::visit`` passing a
 function object to perform the operation. The code for every allowed
 type in the variant is instantiated and the appropriate instantiation
 is selected via a switch statement. Since image view algorithms
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ pixels. There is no "any_pixel" or "any_pixel_iterator" in GIL. Such
 constructs could be provided via the ``variant`` mechanism, but doing
 so would result in inefficient algorithms, since the type resolution
 would have to be performed per pixel. Image-level algorithms should be
-implemented via ``apply_operation``. That said, many common operations
+implemented via ``variant2::visit``. That said, many common operations
 are shared between the static and dynamic types. In addition, all of
 the image view transformations and many STL-like image view algorithms
 have overloads operating on ``any_image_view``, as illustrated with
@@ -180,25 +180,25 @@ implemented:
   template <typename View>
   typename dynamic_xy_step_type<View>::type rotated180_view(const View& src) { ... }
 
-  namespace detail
-  {
+  namespace detail {
     // the function, wrapped inside a function object
     template <typename Result> struct rotated180_view_fn
     {
         typedef Result result_type;
         template <typename View> result_type operator()(const View& src) const
-  {
+        {
             return result_type(rotated180_view(src));
         }
     };
   }
 
   // overloading of the function using variant. Takes and returns run-time bound view.
   // The returned view has a dynamic step
-  template <typename ViewTypes> inline // Models MPL Random Access Container of models of ImageViewConcept
-  typename dynamic_xy_step_type<any_image_view<ViewTypes> >::type rotated180_view(const any_image_view<ViewTypes>& src)
+  template <typename ...ViewTypes> inline
+  typename dynamic_xy_step_type<any_image_view<ViewTypes...>>::type rotated180_view(const any_image_view<ViewTypes...>& src)
   {
-    return apply_operation(src,detail::rotated180_view_fn<typename dynamic_xy_step_type<any_image_view<ViewTypes> >::type>());
+    using result_view_t = typename dynamic_xy_step_type<any_image_view<ViewTypes...>>::type;
+    return variant2::visit(detail::rotated180_view_fn<result_view_t>(), src);
   }
 
 Variants should be used with caution (especially algorithms that take

doc/tutorial/gradient.rst

@@ -870,22 +870,22 @@ source view:
   };
 
 The second step is to provide an overload of ``x_luminosity_gradient`` that
-takes image view variant and calls GIL's ``apply_operation`` passing it the
+takes image view variant and calls ``variant2::visit`` passing it the
 function object:
 
 .. code-block:: cpp
 
-  template <typename SrcViews, typename DstView>
-  void x_luminosity_gradient(const any_image_view<SrcViews>& src, const DstView& dst)
+  template <typename ...SrcViews, typename DstView>
+  void x_luminosity_gradient(const any_image_view<SrcViews...>& src, const DstView& dst)
   {
-    apply_operation(src, x_gradient_obj<DstView>(dst));
+    variant2::visit(x_gradient_obj<DstView>(dst), src);
   }
 
-``any_image_view<SrcViews>`` is the image view variant. It is
-templated over ``SrcViews``, an enumeration of all possible view types
+``any_image_view<SrcViews...>`` is the image view variant. It is
+templated over ``SrcViews...``, an enumeration of all possible view types
 the variant can take.  ``src`` contains inside an index of the
 currently instantiated type, as well as a block of memory containing
-the instance.  ``apply_operation`` goes through a switch statement
+the instance.  ``variant2::visit`` goes through a switch statement
 over the index, each case of which casts the memory to the correct
 view type and invokes the function object with it. Invoking an
 algorithm on a variant has the overhead of one switch

include/boost/gil/extension/dynamic_image/algorithm.hpp

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 //
 // Copyright 2005-2007 Adobe Systems Incorporated
+// Copyright 2022 Marco Langer <langer.m86 at gmail dot com>
 //
 // Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0
 // See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
@@ -12,7 +13,10 @@
 
 #include <boost/gil/algorithm.hpp>
 
+#include <boost/variant2/variant.hpp>
+
 #include <functional>
+#include <utility>
 
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 /// \file
@@ -43,31 +47,31 @@ struct equal_pixels_fn : binary_operation_obj<equal_pixels_fn, bool>
 /// \tparam Types Model Boost.MP11-compatible list of models of ImageViewConcept
 /// \tparam View Model MutableImageViewConcept
 template <typename ...Types, typename View>
-bool equal_pixels(any_image_view<Types...> const& src, View const& dst)
+auto equal_pixels(any_image_view<Types...> const& src, View const& dst) -> bool
 {
-    return apply_operation(
-        src,
-        std::bind(detail::equal_pixels_fn(), std::placeholders::_1, dst));
+    return variant2::visit(
+        std::bind(detail::equal_pixels_fn(), std::placeholders::_1, dst),
+        src);
 }
 
 /// \ingroup ImageViewSTLAlgorithmsEqualPixels
 /// \tparam View Model ImageViewConcept
 /// \tparam Types Model Boost.MP11-compatible list of models of MutableImageViewConcept
 template <typename View, typename ...Types>
-bool equal_pixels(View const& src, any_image_view<Types...> const& dst)
+auto equal_pixels(View const& src, any_image_view<Types...> const& dst) -> bool
 {
-    return apply_operation(
-        dst,
-        std::bind(detail::equal_pixels_fn(), src, std::placeholders::_1));
+    return variant2::visit(
+        std::bind(detail::equal_pixels_fn(), src, std::placeholders::_1),
+        dst);
 }
 
 /// \ingroup ImageViewSTLAlgorithmsEqualPixels
 /// \tparam Types1 Model Boost.MP11-compatible list of models of ImageViewConcept
 /// \tparam Types2 Model Boost.MP11-compatible list of models of MutableImageViewConcept
 template <typename ...Types1, typename ...Types2>
-bool equal_pixels(any_image_view<Types1...> const& src, any_image_view<Types2...> const& dst)
+auto equal_pixels(any_image_view<Types1...> const& src, any_image_view<Types2...> const& dst) -> bool
 {
-    return apply_operation(src, dst, detail::equal_pixels_fn());
+    return variant2::visit(detail::equal_pixels_fn(), src, dst);
 }
 
 namespace detail {
@@ -90,7 +94,7 @@ struct copy_pixels_fn : public binary_operation_obj<copy_pixels_fn>
 template <typename ...Types, typename View>
 void copy_pixels(any_image_view<Types...> const& src, View const& dst)
 {
-    apply_operation(src, std::bind(detail::copy_pixels_fn(), std::placeholders::_1, dst));
+    variant2::visit(std::bind(detail::copy_pixels_fn(), std::placeholders::_1, dst), src);
 }
 
 /// \ingroup ImageViewSTLAlgorithmsCopyPixels
@@ -99,7 +103,7 @@ void copy_pixels(any_image_view<Types...> const& src, View const& dst)
 template <typename ...Types, typename View>
 void copy_pixels(View const& src, any_image_view<Types...> const& dst)
 {
-    apply_operation(dst, std::bind(detail::copy_pixels_fn(), src, std::placeholders::_1));
+    variant2::visit(std::bind(detail::copy_pixels_fn(), src, std::placeholders::_1), dst);
 }
 
 /// \ingroup ImageViewSTLAlgorithmsCopyPixels
@@ -108,7 +112,7 @@ void copy_pixels(View const& src, any_image_view<Types...> const& dst)
 template <typename ...Types1, typename ...Types2>
 void copy_pixels(any_image_view<Types1...> const& src, any_image_view<Types2...> const& dst)
 {
-    apply_operation(src, dst, detail::copy_pixels_fn());
+    variant2::visit(detail::copy_pixels_fn(), src, dst);
 }
 
 //forward declaration for default_color_converter (see full definition in color_convert.hpp)
@@ -122,7 +126,7 @@ template <typename ...Types, typename View, typename CC>
 void copy_and_convert_pixels(any_image_view<Types...> const& src, View const& dst, CC cc)
 {
     using cc_fn = detail::copy_and_convert_pixels_fn<CC>;
-    apply_operation(src, std::bind(cc_fn{cc}, std::placeholders::_1, dst));
+    variant2::visit(std::bind(cc_fn{cc}, std::placeholders::_1, dst), src);
 }
 
 /// \ingroup ImageViewSTLAlgorithmsCopyAndConvertPixels
@@ -132,7 +136,7 @@ template <typename ...Types, typename View>
 void copy_and_convert_pixels(any_image_view<Types...> const& src, View const& dst)
 {
     using cc_fn = detail::copy_and_convert_pixels_fn<default_color_converter>;
-    apply_operation(src, std::bind(cc_fn{}, std::placeholders::_1, dst));
+    variant2::visit(std::bind(cc_fn{}, std::placeholders::_1, dst), src);
 }
 
 /// \ingroup ImageViewSTLAlgorithmsCopyAndConvertPixels
@@ -143,7 +147,7 @@ template <typename View, typename ...Types, typename CC>
 void copy_and_convert_pixels(View const& src, any_image_view<Types...> const& dst, CC cc)
 {
     using cc_fn = detail::copy_and_convert_pixels_fn<CC>;
-    apply_operation(dst, std::bind(cc_fn{cc}, src, std::placeholders::_1));
+    variant2::visit(std::bind(cc_fn{cc}, src, std::placeholders::_1), dst);
 }
 
 /// \ingroup ImageViewSTLAlgorithmsCopyAndConvertPixels
@@ -153,7 +157,7 @@ template <typename View, typename ...Types>
 void copy_and_convert_pixels(View const& src, any_image_view<Types...> const& dst)
 {
     using cc_fn = detail::copy_and_convert_pixels_fn<default_color_converter>;
-    apply_operation(dst, std::bind(cc_fn{}, src, std::placeholders::_1));
+    variant2::visit(std::bind(cc_fn{}, src, std::placeholders::_1), dst);
 }
 
 /// \ingroup ImageViewSTLAlgorithmsCopyAndConvertPixels
@@ -165,7 +169,7 @@ void copy_and_convert_pixels(
     any_image_view<Types1...> const& src,
     any_image_view<Types2...> const& dst, CC cc)
 {
-    apply_operation(src, dst, detail::copy_and_convert_pixels_fn<CC>(cc));
+    variant2::visit(detail::copy_and_convert_pixels_fn<CC>(cc), src, dst);
 }
 
 /// \ingroup ImageViewSTLAlgorithmsCopyAndConvertPixels
@@ -176,8 +180,8 @@ void copy_and_convert_pixels(
     any_image_view<Types1...> const& src,
     any_image_view<Types2...> const& dst)
 {
-    apply_operation(src, dst,
-        detail::copy_and_convert_pixels_fn<default_color_converter>());
+    variant2::visit(
+        detail::copy_and_convert_pixels_fn<default_color_converter>(), src, dst);
 }
 
 namespace detail {
@@ -186,15 +190,15 @@ template <bool IsCompatible>
 struct fill_pixels_fn1
 {
     template <typename V, typename Value>
-    static void apply(V const &src, Value const &val) { fill_pixels(src, val); }
+    static void apply(V const& src, Value const& val) { fill_pixels(src, val); }
 };
 
 // copy_pixels invoked on incompatible images
 template <>
 struct fill_pixels_fn1<false>
 {
     template <typename V, typename Value>
-    static void apply(V const &, Value const &) { throw std::bad_cast();}
+    static void apply(V const&, Value const&) { throw std::bad_cast();}
 };
 
 template <typename Value>
@@ -227,7 +231,7 @@ struct fill_pixels_fn
 template <typename ...Types, typename Value>
 void fill_pixels(any_image_view<Types...> const& view, Value const& val)
 {
-    apply_operation(view, detail::fill_pixels_fn<Value>(val));
+    variant2::visit(detail::fill_pixels_fn<Value>(val), view);
 }
 
 namespace detail {
@@ -236,7 +240,7 @@ template <typename F>
 struct for_each_pixel_fn
 {
     for_each_pixel_fn(F&& fun) : fun_(std::move(fun)) {}
- 
+
     template <typename View>
     auto operator()(View const& view) -> F
     {

include/boost/gil/extension/dynamic_image/any_image.hpp

@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@
 #define BOOST_GIL_EXTENSION_DYNAMIC_IMAGE_ANY_IMAGE_HPP
 
 #include <boost/gil/extension/dynamic_image/any_image_view.hpp>
-#include <boost/gil/extension/dynamic_image/apply_operation.hpp>
 
 #include <boost/gil/image.hpp>
 #include <boost/gil/detail/mp11.hpp>
@@ -121,7 +120,7 @@ class any_image : public variant2::variant<Images...>
 
     void recreate(const point_t& dims, unsigned alignment=1)
     {
-        apply_operation(*this, detail::recreate_image_fnobj(dims, alignment));
+        variant2::visit(detail::recreate_image_fnobj(dims, alignment), *this);
     }
 
     void recreate(x_coord_t width, y_coord_t height, unsigned alignment=1)
@@ -131,12 +130,12 @@ class any_image : public variant2::variant<Images...>
 
     std::size_t num_channels() const
     {
-        return apply_operation(*this, detail::any_type_get_num_channels());
+        return variant2::visit(detail::any_type_get_num_channels(), *this);
     }
 
     point_t dimensions() const
     {
-        return apply_operation(*this, detail::any_type_get_dimensions());
+        return variant2::visit(detail::any_type_get_dimensions(), *this);
     }
 
     x_coord_t width()  const { return dimensions().x; }
@@ -156,7 +155,7 @@ BOOST_FORCEINLINE
 auto view(any_image<Images...>& img) -> typename any_image<Images...>::view_t
 {
     using view_t = typename any_image<Images...>::view_t;
-    return apply_operation(img, detail::any_image_get_view<view_t>());
+    return variant2::visit(detail::any_image_get_view<view_t>(), img);
 }
 
 /// \brief Returns the constant-pixel view of any image. The returned view is any view.
@@ -166,7 +165,7 @@ BOOST_FORCEINLINE
 auto const_view(any_image<Images...> const& img) -> typename any_image<Images...>::const_view_t
 {
     using view_t = typename any_image<Images...>::const_view_t;
-    return apply_operation(img, detail::any_image_get_const_view<view_t>());
+    return variant2::visit(detail::any_image_get_const_view<view_t>(), img);
 }
 ///@}
 

include/boost/gil/extension/dynamic_image/any_image_view.hpp

@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ struct any_type_get_size
 /// Other requirements, such as access to the pixels, would be inefficient to provide. Thus \p any_image_view does not fully model ImageViewConcept.
 /// However, many algorithms provide overloads taking runtime specified views and thus in many cases \p any_image_view can be used in places taking a view.
 ///
-/// To perform an algorithm on any_image_view, put the algorithm in a function object and invoke it by calling \p apply_operation(runtime_view, algorithm_fn);
+/// To perform an algorithm on any_image_view, put the algorithm in a function object and invoke it by calling \p variant2::visit(algorithm_fn, runtime_view);
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
 template <typename ...Views>
@@ -105,9 +105,9 @@ class any_image_view : public variant2::variant<Views...>
         return *this;
     }
 
-    std::size_t num_channels()  const { return apply_operation(*this, detail::any_type_get_num_channels()); }
-    point_t     dimensions()    const { return apply_operation(*this, detail::any_type_get_dimensions()); }
-    size_type   size()          const { return apply_operation(*this, detail::any_type_get_size()); }
+    std::size_t num_channels()  const { return variant2::visit(detail::any_type_get_num_channels(), *this); }
+    point_t     dimensions()    const { return variant2::visit(detail::any_type_get_dimensions(), *this); }
+    size_type   size()          const { return variant2::visit(detail::any_type_get_size(), *this); }
     x_coord_t   width()         const { return dimensions().x; }
     y_coord_t   height()        const { return dimensions().y; }
 };

include/boost/gil/extension/dynamic_image/apply_operation.hpp

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ namespace boost { namespace gil {
 /// \ingroup Variant
 /// \brief Applies the visitor op to the variants
 template <typename Variant1, typename Visitor>
+[[deprecated("Use variant2::visit instead.")]]
 BOOST_FORCEINLINE
 auto apply_operation(Variant1&& arg1, Visitor&& op)
 #if defined(BOOST_NO_CXX14_DECLTYPE_AUTO) || defined(BOOST_NO_CXX11_DECLTYPE_N3276)
@@ -27,6 +28,7 @@ auto apply_operation(Variant1&& arg1, Visitor&& op)
 /// \ingroup Variant
 /// \brief Applies the visitor op to the variants
 template <typename Variant1, typename Variant2, typename Visitor>
+[[deprecated("Use variant2::visit instead.")]]
 BOOST_FORCEINLINE
 auto apply_operation(Variant1&& arg1, Variant2&& arg2, Visitor&& op)
 #if defined(BOOST_NO_CXX14_DECLTYPE_AUTO) || defined(BOOST_NO_CXX11_DECLTYPE_N3276)