Implement 2 EIPS: limit and meter initcode and PUSH0 instructions (#1443

)

* core/vm: deepcopy jumptable when enabling extra eips

When the interpreter is configured to use extra-eips,
this change makes it so that all the opcodes are deep-copied,
to prevent accidental modification of the 'base' jumptable.

Original-auther: yihuang <huang@crypto.com>
Co-authored-by: Martin Holst Swende <martin@swende.se>

* core/vm: implement EIP-3860: Limit and meter initcode

Implementation of https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-3860, limit and meter initcode.
Most of this change takes the go-ethereum implementation as reference.

Original-author: Andrei Maiboroda <andrei@ethereum.org>
Co-authored-by: lightclient@protonmail.com <lightclient@protonmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Martin Holst Swende <martin@swende.se>
Co-authored-by: Marius van der Wijden <m.vanderwijden@live.de>

* core/vm: implement EIP-3855: PUSH0 instruction

* core/vm: Implement PUSH0

* Move PUSH0 to enable3855

* Add method doc

Original-author: Alex Beregszaszi <alex@rtfs.hu>

* core/vm: enable EIP-3855 (PUSH0) in Boneh

Original-author: Andrew Ashikhmin <34320705+yperbasis@users.noreply.github.com>

* core/vm: Fix issue of incorrect instructionSet used for jump_table

Also update the related test case for gas change.

* core/vm: fix test cases issues that not suitable for boneh

* core/vm: reuse ErrMaxInitCodeSizeExceeded as error message

---------

Co-authored-by: Martin Holst Swende <martin@swende.se>
Co-authored-by: lightclient@protonmail.com <lightclient@protonmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Marius van der Wijden <m.vanderwijden@live.de>

cmd/evm/internal/t8ntool/transaction.go

@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ func Transaction(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 		}
 		// Check intrinsic gas
 		if gas, err := core.IntrinsicGas(tx.Data(), tx.AccessList(), tx.To() == nil,
-			chainConfig.IsHomestead(new(big.Int)), chainConfig.IsIstanbul(new(big.Int))); err != nil {
+			chainConfig.IsHomestead(new(big.Int)), chainConfig.IsIstanbul(new(big.Int)), chainConfig.IsBoneh(new(big.Int))); err != nil {
 			r.Error = err
 			results = append(results, r)
 			continue
@@ -171,6 +171,10 @@ func Transaction(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 		case new(big.Int).Mul(tx.GasFeeCap(), new(big.Int).SetUint64(tx.Gas())).BitLen() > 256:
 			r.Error = errors.New("gas * maxFeePerGas exceeds 256 bits")
 		}
+		// Check whether the init code size has been exceeded.
+		if chainConfig.IsBoneh(new(big.Int)) && tx.To() == nil && len(tx.Data()) > params.MaxInitCodeSize {
+			r.Error = core.ErrMaxInitCodeSizeExceeded
+		}
 		results = append(results, r)
 	}
 	out, err := json.MarshalIndent(results, "", "  ")

core/bench_test.go

@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ func genValueTx(nbytes int) func(int, *BlockGen) {
 	return func(i int, gen *BlockGen) {
 		toaddr := common.Address{}
 		data := make([]byte, nbytes)
-		gas, _ := IntrinsicGas(data, nil, false, false, false)
+		gas, _ := IntrinsicGas(data, nil, false, false, false, false)
 		signer := types.MakeSigner(gen.config, big.NewInt(int64(i)))
 		gasPrice := big.NewInt(0)
 		if gen.header.BaseFee != nil {

core/blockchain_test.go

@@ -3587,6 +3587,9 @@ func TestInitThenFailCreateContract(t *testing.T) {
 // checking that the gas usage of a hot SLOAD and a cold SLOAD are calculated
 // correctly.
 func TestEIP2718Transition(t *testing.T) {
+	customConfig := params.AllEthashProtocolChanges
+	customConfig.BonehBlock = big.NewInt(100)
+	customConfig.LynnBlock = big.NewInt(200)
 	var (
 		aa = common.HexToAddress("0x000000000000000000000000000000000000aaaa")
 
@@ -3599,7 +3602,7 @@ func TestEIP2718Transition(t *testing.T) {
 		address = crypto.PubkeyToAddress(key.PublicKey)
 		funds   = big.NewInt(1000000000000000)
 		gspec   = &Genesis{
-			Config: params.TestChainConfig,
+			Config: customConfig,
 			Alloc: GenesisAlloc{
 				address: {Balance: funds},
 				// The address 0xAAAA sloads 0x00 and 0x01
@@ -3654,9 +3657,9 @@ func TestEIP2718Transition(t *testing.T) {
 	// Expected gas is intrinsic + 2 * pc + hot load + cold load, since only one load is in the access list
 	expected := params.TxGas + params.TxAccessListAddressGas + params.TxAccessListStorageKeyGas +
 		vm.GasQuickStep*2 + params.WarmStorageReadCostEIP2929 + params.ColdSloadCostEIP2929
+
 	if block.GasUsed() != expected {
 		t.Fatalf("incorrect amount of gas spent: expected %d, got %d", expected, block.GasUsed())
-
 	}
 }
 
@@ -3670,6 +3673,9 @@ func TestEIP2718Transition(t *testing.T) {
 //     gasFeeCap - gasTipCap < baseFee.
 //  6. Legacy transaction behave as expected (e.g. gasPrice = gasFeeCap = gasTipCap).
 func TestEIP1559Transition(t *testing.T) {
+	customConfig := params.AllEthashProtocolChanges
+	customConfig.BonehBlock = big.NewInt(100)
+	customConfig.LynnBlock = big.NewInt(200)
 	var (
 		aa = common.HexToAddress("0x000000000000000000000000000000000000aaaa")
 
@@ -3684,7 +3690,7 @@ func TestEIP1559Transition(t *testing.T) {
 		addr2   = crypto.PubkeyToAddress(key2.PublicKey)
 		funds   = new(big.Int).Mul(common.Big1, big.NewInt(params.Ether))
 		gspec   = &Genesis{
-			Config: params.AllEthashProtocolChanges,
+			Config: customConfig,
 			Alloc: GenesisAlloc{
 				addr1: {Balance: funds},
 				addr2: {Balance: funds},

core/error.go

@@ -75,6 +75,10 @@ var (
 	// have enough funds for transfer(topmost call only).
 	ErrInsufficientFundsForTransfer = errors.New("insufficient funds for transfer")
 
+	// ErrMaxInitCodeSizeExceeded is returned if creation transaction provides the init code bigger
+	// than init code size limit.
+	ErrMaxInitCodeSizeExceeded = errors.New("max initcode size exceeded")
+
 	// ErrInsufficientFunds is returned if the total cost of executing a transaction
 	// is higher than the balance of the user's account.
 	ErrInsufficientFunds = errors.New("insufficient funds for gas * price + value")

core/state_processor_test.go

@@ -80,6 +80,17 @@ func TestStateProcessorErrors(t *testing.T) {
 		}), signer, key1)
 		return tx
 	}
+	var mkDynamicCreationTx = func(nonce uint64, gasLimit uint64, gasTipCap, gasFeeCap *big.Int, data []byte) *types.Transaction {
+		tx, _ := types.SignTx(types.NewTx(&types.DynamicFeeTx{
+			Nonce:     nonce,
+			GasTipCap: gasTipCap,
+			GasFeeCap: gasFeeCap,
+			Gas:       gasLimit,
+			Value:     big.NewInt(0),
+			Data:      data,
+		}), signer, key1)
+		return tx
+	}
 	{ // Tests against a 'recent' chain definition
 		var (
 			db    = rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase()
@@ -302,6 +313,71 @@ func TestStateProcessorErrors(t *testing.T) {
 			}
 		}
 	}
+
+	// ErrMaxInitCodeSizeExceeded, for this we need extra Boneh (EIP-3860) enabled.
+	{
+		var (
+			db    = rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase()
+			gspec = &Genesis{
+				Config: &params.ChainConfig{
+					ChainID:             big.NewInt(1),
+					HomesteadBlock:      big.NewInt(0),
+					EIP150Block:         big.NewInt(0),
+					EIP155Block:         big.NewInt(0),
+					EIP158Block:         big.NewInt(0),
+					ByzantiumBlock:      big.NewInt(0),
+					ConstantinopleBlock: big.NewInt(0),
+					PetersburgBlock:     big.NewInt(0),
+					IstanbulBlock:       big.NewInt(0),
+					MuirGlacierBlock:    big.NewInt(0),
+					MirrorSyncBlock:     big.NewInt(0),
+					BrunoBlock:          big.NewInt(0),
+					EulerBlock:          big.NewInt(0),
+					BerlinBlock:         big.NewInt(0),
+					LondonBlock:         big.NewInt(0),
+					GibbsBlock:          big.NewInt(0),
+					BonehBlock:          big.NewInt(0),
+				},
+				Alloc: GenesisAlloc{
+					common.HexToAddress("0x71562b71999873DB5b286dF957af199Ec94617F7"): GenesisAccount{
+						Balance: big.NewInt(1000000000000000000), // 1 ether
+						Nonce:   0,
+					},
+				},
+			}
+			genesis        = gspec.MustCommit(db)
+			blockchain, _  = NewBlockChain(db, nil, gspec.Config, ethash.NewFaker(), vm.Config{}, nil, nil)
+			tooBigInitCode = [params.MaxInitCodeSize + 1]byte{}
+			smallInitCode  = [320]byte{}
+		)
+		defer blockchain.Stop()
+		for i, tt := range []struct {
+			txs  []*types.Transaction
+			want string
+		}{
+			{ // ErrMaxInitCodeSizeExceeded
+				txs: []*types.Transaction{
+					mkDynamicCreationTx(0, 500000, common.Big0, misc.CalcBaseFee(config, genesis.Header()), tooBigInitCode[:]),
+				},
+				want: "could not apply tx 0 [0x832b54a6c3359474a9f504b1003b2cc1b6fcaa18e4ef369eb45b5d40dad6378f]: max initcode size exceeded: code size 49153 limit 49152",
+			},
+			{ // ErrIntrinsicGas: Not enough gas to cover init code
+				txs: []*types.Transaction{
+					mkDynamicCreationTx(0, 54299, common.Big0, misc.CalcBaseFee(config, genesis.Header()), smallInitCode[:]),
+				},
+				want: "could not apply tx 0 [0x39b7436cb432d3662a25626474282c5c4c1a213326fd87e4e18a91477bae98b2]: intrinsic gas too low: have 54299, want 54300",
+			},
+		} {
+			block := GenerateBadBlock(genesis, ethash.NewFaker(), tt.txs, gspec.Config)
+			_, err := blockchain.InsertChain(types.Blocks{block})
+			if err == nil {
+				t.Fatal("block imported without errors")
+			}
+			if have, want := err.Error(), tt.want; have != want {
+				t.Errorf("test %d:\nhave \"%v\"\nwant \"%v\"\n", i, have, want)
+			}
+		}
+	}
 }
 
 // GenerateBadBlock constructs a "block" which contains the transactions. The transactions are not expected to be

core/state_transition.go

@@ -118,16 +118,17 @@ func (result *ExecutionResult) Revert() []byte {
 }
 
 // IntrinsicGas computes the 'intrinsic gas' for a message with the given data.
-func IntrinsicGas(data []byte, accessList types.AccessList, isContractCreation bool, isHomestead, isEIP2028 bool) (uint64, error) {
+func IntrinsicGas(data []byte, accessList types.AccessList, isContractCreation bool, isHomestead, isEIP2028 bool, isEIP3860 bool) (uint64, error) {
 	// Set the starting gas for the raw transaction
 	var gas uint64
 	if isContractCreation && isHomestead {
 		gas = params.TxGasContractCreation
 	} else {
 		gas = params.TxGas
 	}
+	dataLen := uint64(len(data))
 	// Bump the required gas by the amount of transactional data
-	if len(data) > 0 {
+	if dataLen > 0 {
 		// Zero and non-zero bytes are priced differently
 		var nz uint64
 		for _, byt := range data {
@@ -145,11 +146,19 @@ func IntrinsicGas(data []byte, accessList types.AccessList, isContractCreation b
 		}
 		gas += nz * nonZeroGas
 
-		z := uint64(len(data)) - nz
+		z := dataLen - nz
 		if (math.MaxUint64-gas)/params.TxDataZeroGas < z {
 			return 0, ErrGasUintOverflow
 		}
 		gas += z * params.TxDataZeroGas
+
+		if isContractCreation && isEIP3860 {
+			lenWords := toWordSize(dataLen)
+			if (math.MaxUint64-gas)/params.InitCodeWordGas < lenWords {
+				return 0, ErrGasUintOverflow
+			}
+			gas += lenWords * params.InitCodeWordGas
+		}
 	}
 	if accessList != nil {
 		gas += uint64(len(accessList)) * params.TxAccessListAddressGas
@@ -158,6 +167,15 @@ func IntrinsicGas(data []byte, accessList types.AccessList, isContractCreation b
 	return gas, nil
 }
 
+// toWordSize returns the ceiled word size required for init code payment calculation.
+func toWordSize(size uint64) uint64 {
+	if size > math.MaxUint64-31 {
+		return math.MaxUint64/32 + 1
+	}
+
+	return (size + 31) / 32
+}
+
 // NewStateTransition initialises and returns a new state transition object.
 func NewStateTransition(evm *vm.EVM, msg Message, gp *GasPool) *StateTransition {
 	return &StateTransition{
@@ -315,7 +333,7 @@ func (st *StateTransition) TransitionDb() (*ExecutionResult, error) {
 		}
 	}
 	// Check clauses 4-5, subtract intrinsic gas if everything is correct
-	gas, err := IntrinsicGas(st.data, st.msg.AccessList(), contractCreation, rules.IsHomestead, rules.IsIstanbul)
+	gas, err := IntrinsicGas(st.data, st.msg.AccessList(), contractCreation, rules.IsHomestead, rules.IsIstanbul, rules.IsBoneh)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -329,6 +347,11 @@ func (st *StateTransition) TransitionDb() (*ExecutionResult, error) {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("%w: address %v", ErrInsufficientFundsForTransfer, msg.From().Hex())
 	}
 
+	// Check whether the init code size has been exceeded.
+	if rules.IsBoneh && contractCreation && len(st.data) > params.MaxInitCodeSize {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("%w: code size %v limit %v", ErrMaxInitCodeSizeExceeded, len(st.data), params.MaxInitCodeSize)
+	}
+
 	// Set up the initial access list.
 	if rules.IsBerlin {
 		st.state.PrepareAccessList(msg.From(), msg.To(), vm.ActivePrecompiles(rules), msg.AccessList())

core/tx_pool.go

@@ -263,6 +263,7 @@ type TxPool struct {
 	istanbul bool // Fork indicator whether we are in the istanbul stage.
 	eip2718  bool // Fork indicator whether we are using EIP-2718 type transactions.
 	eip1559  bool // Fork indicator whether we are using EIP-1559 type transactions.
+	boneh    bool // Fork indicator whether we are in the Boneh stage.
 
 	currentState  *state.StateDB // Current state in the blockchain head
 	pendingNonces *txNoncer      // Pending state tracking virtual nonces
@@ -706,7 +707,7 @@ func (pool *TxPool) validateTx(tx *types.Transaction, local bool) error {
 	}
 
 	// Ensure the transaction has more gas than the basic tx fee.
-	intrGas, err := IntrinsicGas(tx.Data(), tx.AccessList(), tx.To() == nil, true, pool.istanbul)
+	intrGas, err := IntrinsicGas(tx.Data(), tx.AccessList(), tx.To() == nil, true, pool.istanbul, pool.boneh)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -1433,6 +1434,7 @@ func (pool *TxPool) reset(oldHead, newHead *types.Header) {
 	pool.istanbul = pool.chainconfig.IsIstanbul(next)
 	pool.eip2718 = pool.chainconfig.IsBerlin(next)
 	pool.eip1559 = pool.chainconfig.IsLondon(next)
+	pool.boneh = pool.chainconfig.IsBoneh(next)
 }
 
 // promoteExecutables moves transactions that have become processable from the

core/vm/eips.go

@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@ import (
 )
 
 var activators = map[int]func(*JumpTable){
+	3860: enable3860,
+	3855: enable3855,
 	3529: enable3529,
 	3198: enable3198,
 	2929: enable2929,
@@ -174,3 +176,27 @@ func opBaseFee(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, scope *ScopeContext) ([]
 	scope.Stack.push(baseFee)
 	return nil, nil
 }
+
+// ebnable3860 enables "EIP-3860: Limit and meter initcode"
+// https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-3860
+func enable3860(jt *JumpTable) {
+	jt[CREATE].dynamicGas = gasCreateEip3860
+	jt[CREATE2].dynamicGas = gasCreate2Eip3860
+}
+
+// enable3855 applies EIP-3855 (PUSH0 opcode)
+func enable3855(jt *JumpTable) {
+	// New opcode
+	jt[PUSH0] = &operation{
+		execute:     opPush0,
+		constantGas: GasQuickStep,
+		minStack:    minStack(0, 1),
+		maxStack:    maxStack(0, 1),
+	}
+}
+
+// opPush0 implements the PUSH0 opcode
+func opPush0(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, scope *ScopeContext) ([]byte, error) {
+	scope.Stack.push(new(uint256.Int))
+	return nil, nil
+}

core/vm/errors.go

@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ var (
 	ErrInsufficientBalance      = errors.New("insufficient balance for transfer")
 	ErrContractAddressCollision = errors.New("contract address collision")
 	ErrExecutionReverted        = errors.New("execution reverted")
+	ErrMaxInitCodeSizeExceeded  = errors.New("max initcode size exceeded")
 	ErrMaxCodeSizeExceeded      = errors.New("max code size exceeded")
 	ErrInvalidJump              = errors.New("invalid jump destination")
 	ErrWriteProtection          = errors.New("write protection")

core/vm/gas_table.go

@@ -299,6 +299,39 @@ func gasCreate2(evm *EVM, contract *Contract, stack *Stack, mem *Memory, memoryS
 	return gas, nil
 }
 
+func gasCreateEip3860(evm *EVM, contract *Contract, stack *Stack, mem *Memory, memorySize uint64) (uint64, error) {
+	gas, err := memoryGasCost(mem, memorySize)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	size, overflow := stack.Back(2).Uint64WithOverflow()
+	if overflow || size > params.MaxInitCodeSize {
+		return 0, ErrGasUintOverflow
+	}
+	// Since size <= params.MaxInitCodeSize, these multiplication cannot overflow
+	moreGas := params.InitCodeWordGas * ((size + 31) / 32)
+	if gas, overflow = math.SafeAdd(gas, moreGas); overflow {
+		return 0, ErrGasUintOverflow
+	}
+	return gas, nil
+}
+func gasCreate2Eip3860(evm *EVM, contract *Contract, stack *Stack, mem *Memory, memorySize uint64) (uint64, error) {
+	gas, err := memoryGasCost(mem, memorySize)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	size, overflow := stack.Back(2).Uint64WithOverflow()
+	if overflow || size > params.MaxInitCodeSize {
+		return 0, ErrGasUintOverflow
+	}
+	// Since size <= params.MaxInitCodeSize, these multiplication cannot overflow
+	moreGas := (params.InitCodeWordGas + params.Keccak256WordGas) * ((size + 31) / 32)
+	if gas, overflow = math.SafeAdd(gas, moreGas); overflow {
+		return 0, ErrGasUintOverflow
+	}
+	return gas, nil
+}
+
 func gasExpFrontier(evm *EVM, contract *Contract, stack *Stack, mem *Memory, memorySize uint64) (uint64, error) {
 	expByteLen := uint64((stack.data[stack.len()-2].BitLen() + 7) / 8)